PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH ORGANIK PERKOTAAN MENGGUNAKAN LARVA BLACK SOLDIER FLY (Hermetia illucens)
Article Sidebar
Accepted
3 November 2017
Published
1 December 2017
Abstract
Black soldier fly (BSF) larvae (Hermetia illucens) can be used as insect based municipal organic waste recycling technology. The purpose of this research was to examine the utilization of BSF larvae as bio-processors of organic waste in order to produce compost and nutritious larvae biomass. Larvae feeds as treatments of experiment consist of restaurant organic waste mixed with fish silage 6% as treatment A, restaurant organic waste with dairy blood waste 6% as treatment B, and restaurant organic waste as treatment C. The result of this research showed that the highest larvae growth according to its length, width and body weigth was resulted by treatment B, followed by treatments A and C. Total metamorphic development time from egg to imago was 35 days; comprised of as larvae, prepupa, pupa, and imago for 12-13, 6, 6, and 15 days, respectively. Proximate analysis showed that BSF larvae had protein content 33.31 to 33.88%, and fat content 30.07 to 34.39%. Final solid residues of the three treatments was ranged from 90.3-90.6% after 10-11 days of bio-processing.
References
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik, 2012. Statistik Ekspor Hasil Perikanan Menurut Komoditi, Provinsi Dan Pelabuhan Asal Ekspor. Pusat Data, Statistik, dan Informasi Sekretariat Jenderal, Kementerian Kelautan dan Peri-kanan, Jakarta.
[KLHK] Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehu-tanan, 2015. Rangkaian hari lingkungan hidup 2015-dialog penanganan sampah plastik [terhubung berkala].
[UU] Undang-undang Republik Indonesia, 2008. Un-dang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 tentang Pengelolaan sampah. Sekretariat Negara, Jakarta.
Alattar, M. A. 2012. Biological treatment of leachates of microaerobic fermentation. Theses. Portland State Uni-versity, Portland.
Alvarez, L. 2012. The role of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) in sustainable waste management in Northern Climates. Dissertations. University of Windsor, Windsor.
Anggraeni, D. 2010. Pengaruh pemupukan bioconver-sion fertilizer palm kernel meal (BFPKM) terhadap per-tumbuhan Vigna unguiculata L. Walp (Kacang Panjang) varietas Mutiara. Tesis.
Ardianti, D. 2011. Perkembangan dan fekunditas se-rangga Hermetia illucens (Stratiomyidae, Diptera) yang diberi pakan bungkil kelapa sawit yang diperkaya. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
Bonso, N.K .2013. Bioconversion of organic fraction of solid waste using the larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermentia illucens). Thesis. Kwame Nkrumah Univer-sity of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Caruso, D., E. Devic, I. W. Subamia, P. Talamond, dan E. Baras, 2014. Technical Handbook of Domestification and Production of Diptera Black Soldier Fly (BSF) Her-metia illucens, Stratiomyidae. IRD editions, Bogor.
Cheng, H., Y. Hu, 2010. Municipal solid waste (MSW) as a renewable source of energy: Current and future practices in
Davis, S.C., W. Hay, dan J. Pierce, 2014. Biomass in the energy industry: An introduction. London (GB): BP p.l.c.
Diener, S.,C. Zurbrügg, dan K. Tockner, 2009b. Conver-sion of organic material by black soldier fly larvae: es-tablishing optimal feeding rates. Waste Management Re-search 27, pp. 603-610.
Diener, S., C. Zurbrügg, F. R. Gutiérrez, D. H. Nguyen, A. Morel, T. Koottatep, dan K. Tockner, 2011b. Black soldier fly larvae for organic waste treatment-prospects and constraints. Dalam: Alamgir M., Q. H. Bari, I. M. Rafizul, S. M. T. Islam, G Sarkar, dan M. K. Howlader, editor. Proceedings of the WasteSafe 2011-2nd Interna-tional Conference on Solid Waste Management in Devel-oping Countries; 2011 Feb 13-15; Khulna, Bangladesh, pp. 52-59.
Diener, S., F. R. Gutiérrez, C. Zurbrügg, dan K. Tockner, 2009a. Are larvae of the black soldier fly-Hermetia illu-cens- a financially viable option for organic waste man-agement in Costa Rica?. Proceedings Sardinia 2009, twelfth international waste management and landfill symposium. CISA publisher. Cagliari, Italy.
Diener, S., M. Nandayure, S. Solano, F. R. Gutiérrez, C. Zurbrügg, dan K. Tockner, 2011a. Biological treatment of municipal organic waste using black soldier fly lar-vae. Waste Biomass Valor 2, pp. 357–363.
Dortmans, B. 2015. Valorisation of organic waste-Effect of the feeding regime on process parameters in a contin-uous black soldier fly larvae composting system. The-ses. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Swe-dish.
Erickson, M.C., M. Islam, C. Sheppard, J. Liao, dan M. P. Doyle, 2004. Reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in chicken manure by larvae of the black soldier fly. Journal of Food Protection 67 (4), pp. 685-690.
Fahmi, M. R., 2015. Optimalisasi proses biokonversi dengan menggunakan mini-larva Hermetia illucens untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pakan ikan. Pros sem nas masy biodiv indon 1(1), pp. 139-144.
Gabler, F. 2014. Using black soldier fly for waste recy-cling and effective Salmonella spp. reduction. Theses. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Swedish.
Gani, A. 2007. Konversi sampah organik menjadi koma-rasca (kompos-arang aktif-asap cair) dan aplikasinya pada tanaman daun dewa. Disertasi. Sekolah Pascasarja-na, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
Gobbi, P., A. Martínez-Sánchez, dan S. Rojo, 2013. The effects of larval diet on adult life-history traits of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyi-dae). Eur J Entomol 110 (3), pp. 461-468.
Istirokhah. 2012. Siklus hidup black soldier fly (Her-metia illucens) pada media bungkil kelapa sawit dengan penambahan silase ikan. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bo-gor, Bogor.
Kim, W., S. Bae, H. Park, K. Park, S. Lee, Y. Choi, S. Han, dan Y. Koh, 2010. The larval age and mouth mor-phology of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Dip-tera: Stratiomyidae). Int J Indust Entomol 21 (2), pp. 185-187.
Li, Q., L. Zheng, H. Cai, E. Garza, Z. Yu, S. Zhou, 2011. From organic waste to biodiesel: black soldier fly, Her-metia illucens, makes it feasible. Fuel 90, pp. 1545-1548.
Liu, Q., J. K. Tomberlin, J. A. Brady, M. R. Sanford, dan Z. Yu, 2008. Black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larvae reduce Escherichia coli in dairy manure. Environ Entomol 37 (6), pp. 1525-1530.
Naryono, E. dan Soemarno, 2013. Perancangan sistem pemilahan, pengeringan, dan pembakaran sampah organ-ik rumah tangga. Indonesian Green Technology Journal 2(1), pp. 27-36.
Newton, G. L., D. C. Sheppard, D. W. Watson, G. J. Bur-tle, C. R. Dove, J. K. Tomberlin, dan E. E. Thelen, 2005b. The black soldier fly, hermetia illucens, as amanure management/resource recovery
Newton, L., C. Sheppard, D. W. Watson, G. Burtle, dan R. Dove, 2005a. Using the black soldier fly, Hermetia il-lucens, as a value-added tool for the management of swine manure: director of the animal and poultry waste management center, North Carolina state university, Ra-leigh, NC [terhubung berkala]. http://www.organicvaluerecovery.com [14 Maret 2016].
Nguyen, T.T.X., J.K. Tomberlin, dan S. Vanlaerhoven, 2015. Ability of black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyi-dae) larvae to recycle food waste. Environ Entomol 44 (2), pp. 406-410.doi:10.1093/ee/nvv002.
Rachmawati, D. Buchori, P. Hidayat, S. Hem, dan M. R. Fahmi, 2010. Perkembangan dan kandungan nutrisi lar-va Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) pada bungkil kelapa sawit. J Entomol Indon 7(1), pp. 28-41.
Sheppard, D.C., G.L. Newton, dan S.A. Thompson, 1994. A value added manure management system using the black soldier fly. Bioresour Technol 50 (1994), pp. 275-279.
Sheppard, D.C., J.K. Tomberlin, J.A. Joyce, B.C. Kiser, dan S. M. Sumner, 2002. Rearing methods for the black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). J Med Entomol 39 (4), pp. 695-698.
St‐Hilaire, S., C. Sheppard, J. K. Tomberlin, S. Irving, L. Newton, M. A. McGuire, E. E Mosley, R. W Hardy, dan W. Sealey, 2007b. Fly prepupae as a feedstuff for rain-bow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. J World Aquacult So-ciety 38 (1), pp. 59‐67.
St-Hilaire, S., K. Cranfill, M.A. McGuire, E.E. Mosley, J.K. Tomberlin, L. Newton, W. Sealey, C. Sheppard, dan S. Irving, 2007a. Fish offal recycling by the black sol-dier fly produces a foodstuff high in omega-3 fatty ac-ids. J World Aquacult Society 38 (2).
Sudrajat, 2006. Mengelola sampah kota. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.
Suriawiria, U., 2003. Mikrobiologi Air. PT Alumni, Bandung.
Suyanto, E., E. Soetarto, Sumardjo, dan H. Hardjomidjojo, 2015. Model kebijakan pengelolaan sampah berbasis partisipasi “Green Community” men-dukung kota hijau. Mimbar 31 (1), pp. 143-152.
Tim Laboratorium, 2012. Pengetahuan bahan makanan ternak. Ilmu dan Teknologi Pakan Fakultas Peternakan IPB [terhubung berkala]. https://www.google.co.id/anuragaja.staff.ipb.ac.id/files/2012/04/Buku-PBMT [20 Februari 2017].
Tomberlin, J.K., 2001. Biological, behavioral, and toxi-cological studies on the black soldier fly (Diptera:
Tomberlin, J.K., D.C. Sheppard, 2002. Factors influenc-ing mating and oviposition of black soldier flies (Dip-tera: Stratiomyidae) in a colony. J entomol sci 37 (4), pp. 345-352.
Tomberlin, J.K., D.C. Sheppard, dan J. A. Joyce, 2002. Selected life-history traits of black soldier flies (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) reared on three artificial diets. Ann En-tomol Soc Am 95 (3), pp. 379-386.
Wibowo S., 2013. Karakteristik bio-oil serbuk gergaji sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen) menggunakan proses pirolisis lambat. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan. 31(4):258-270.
Widyawidura W., J.I. Pongoh, 2016. Potensi waste to energy sampah perkotaan untuk kapasitas pembangkit 1 MW di Propinsi DIY. J Mek Sist Termal. 1(1):21-25.
Zhang, J., L. Huang, J. He, J.K. Tomberlin, J. Li, C. Lei, M. Sun, Z. Liu, dan Z. Yu, 2010. An artificial light source influences mating and oviposition of black sol-dier flies, Hermetia illucens. J Insect Sci 10 (202).
Zheng, L., Q. Li, J. Zhang, dan Z. Yu, 2012. Double the biodiesel yield: Rearing black soldier fly larvae, Hermet-ia illucens, on solid residual fraction of restaurant waste after grease extraction for biodiesel production. Renew-able energy 41 (2012), pp. 75-79.
[KLHK] Kementerian Lingkungan Hidup dan Kehu-tanan, 2015. Rangkaian hari lingkungan hidup 2015-dialog penanganan sampah plastik [terhubung berkala].
[UU] Undang-undang Republik Indonesia, 2008. Un-dang-undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 18 Tahun 2008 tentang Pengelolaan sampah. Sekretariat Negara, Jakarta.
Alattar, M. A. 2012. Biological treatment of leachates of microaerobic fermentation. Theses. Portland State Uni-versity, Portland.
Alvarez, L. 2012. The role of black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) in sustainable waste management in Northern Climates. Dissertations. University of Windsor, Windsor.
Anggraeni, D. 2010. Pengaruh pemupukan bioconver-sion fertilizer palm kernel meal (BFPKM) terhadap per-tumbuhan Vigna unguiculata L. Walp (Kacang Panjang) varietas Mutiara. Tesis.
Ardianti, D. 2011. Perkembangan dan fekunditas se-rangga Hermetia illucens (Stratiomyidae, Diptera) yang diberi pakan bungkil kelapa sawit yang diperkaya. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
Bonso, N.K .2013. Bioconversion of organic fraction of solid waste using the larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermentia illucens). Thesis. Kwame Nkrumah Univer-sity of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.
Caruso, D., E. Devic, I. W. Subamia, P. Talamond, dan E. Baras, 2014. Technical Handbook of Domestification and Production of Diptera Black Soldier Fly (BSF) Her-metia illucens, Stratiomyidae. IRD editions, Bogor.
Cheng, H., Y. Hu, 2010. Municipal solid waste (MSW) as a renewable source of energy: Current and future practices in
Davis, S.C., W. Hay, dan J. Pierce, 2014. Biomass in the energy industry: An introduction. London (GB): BP p.l.c.
Diener, S.,C. Zurbrügg, dan K. Tockner, 2009b. Conver-sion of organic material by black soldier fly larvae: es-tablishing optimal feeding rates. Waste Management Re-search 27, pp. 603-610.
Diener, S., C. Zurbrügg, F. R. Gutiérrez, D. H. Nguyen, A. Morel, T. Koottatep, dan K. Tockner, 2011b. Black soldier fly larvae for organic waste treatment-prospects and constraints. Dalam: Alamgir M., Q. H. Bari, I. M. Rafizul, S. M. T. Islam, G Sarkar, dan M. K. Howlader, editor. Proceedings of the WasteSafe 2011-2nd Interna-tional Conference on Solid Waste Management in Devel-oping Countries; 2011 Feb 13-15; Khulna, Bangladesh, pp. 52-59.
Diener, S., F. R. Gutiérrez, C. Zurbrügg, dan K. Tockner, 2009a. Are larvae of the black soldier fly-Hermetia illu-cens- a financially viable option for organic waste man-agement in Costa Rica?. Proceedings Sardinia 2009, twelfth international waste management and landfill symposium. CISA publisher. Cagliari, Italy.
Diener, S., M. Nandayure, S. Solano, F. R. Gutiérrez, C. Zurbrügg, dan K. Tockner, 2011a. Biological treatment of municipal organic waste using black soldier fly lar-vae. Waste Biomass Valor 2, pp. 357–363.
Dortmans, B. 2015. Valorisation of organic waste-Effect of the feeding regime on process parameters in a contin-uous black soldier fly larvae composting system. The-ses. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Swe-dish.
Erickson, M.C., M. Islam, C. Sheppard, J. Liao, dan M. P. Doyle, 2004. Reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in chicken manure by larvae of the black soldier fly. Journal of Food Protection 67 (4), pp. 685-690.
Fahmi, M. R., 2015. Optimalisasi proses biokonversi dengan menggunakan mini-larva Hermetia illucens untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pakan ikan. Pros sem nas masy biodiv indon 1(1), pp. 139-144.
Gabler, F. 2014. Using black soldier fly for waste recy-cling and effective Salmonella spp. reduction. Theses. Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Swedish.
Gani, A. 2007. Konversi sampah organik menjadi koma-rasca (kompos-arang aktif-asap cair) dan aplikasinya pada tanaman daun dewa. Disertasi. Sekolah Pascasarja-na, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor.
Gobbi, P., A. Martínez-Sánchez, dan S. Rojo, 2013. The effects of larval diet on adult life-history traits of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyi-dae). Eur J Entomol 110 (3), pp. 461-468.
Istirokhah. 2012. Siklus hidup black soldier fly (Her-metia illucens) pada media bungkil kelapa sawit dengan penambahan silase ikan. Skripsi. Institut Pertanian Bo-gor, Bogor.
Kim, W., S. Bae, H. Park, K. Park, S. Lee, Y. Choi, S. Han, dan Y. Koh, 2010. The larval age and mouth mor-phology of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Dip-tera: Stratiomyidae). Int J Indust Entomol 21 (2), pp. 185-187.
Li, Q., L. Zheng, H. Cai, E. Garza, Z. Yu, S. Zhou, 2011. From organic waste to biodiesel: black soldier fly, Her-metia illucens, makes it feasible. Fuel 90, pp. 1545-1548.
Liu, Q., J. K. Tomberlin, J. A. Brady, M. R. Sanford, dan Z. Yu, 2008. Black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larvae reduce Escherichia coli in dairy manure. Environ Entomol 37 (6), pp. 1525-1530.
Naryono, E. dan Soemarno, 2013. Perancangan sistem pemilahan, pengeringan, dan pembakaran sampah organ-ik rumah tangga. Indonesian Green Technology Journal 2(1), pp. 27-36.
Newton, G. L., D. C. Sheppard, D. W. Watson, G. J. Bur-tle, C. R. Dove, J. K. Tomberlin, dan E. E. Thelen, 2005b. The black soldier fly, hermetia illucens, as amanure management/resource recovery
Newton, L., C. Sheppard, D. W. Watson, G. Burtle, dan R. Dove, 2005a. Using the black soldier fly, Hermetia il-lucens, as a value-added tool for the management of swine manure: director of the animal and poultry waste management center, North Carolina state university, Ra-leigh, NC [terhubung berkala]. http://www.organicvaluerecovery.com [14 Maret 2016].
Nguyen, T.T.X., J.K. Tomberlin, dan S. Vanlaerhoven, 2015. Ability of black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyi-dae) larvae to recycle food waste. Environ Entomol 44 (2), pp. 406-410.doi:10.1093/ee/nvv002.
Rachmawati, D. Buchori, P. Hidayat, S. Hem, dan M. R. Fahmi, 2010. Perkembangan dan kandungan nutrisi lar-va Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) pada bungkil kelapa sawit. J Entomol Indon 7(1), pp. 28-41.
Sheppard, D.C., G.L. Newton, dan S.A. Thompson, 1994. A value added manure management system using the black soldier fly. Bioresour Technol 50 (1994), pp. 275-279.
Sheppard, D.C., J.K. Tomberlin, J.A. Joyce, B.C. Kiser, dan S. M. Sumner, 2002. Rearing methods for the black soldier fly (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). J Med Entomol 39 (4), pp. 695-698.
St‐Hilaire, S., C. Sheppard, J. K. Tomberlin, S. Irving, L. Newton, M. A. McGuire, E. E Mosley, R. W Hardy, dan W. Sealey, 2007b. Fly prepupae as a feedstuff for rain-bow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. J World Aquacult So-ciety 38 (1), pp. 59‐67.
St-Hilaire, S., K. Cranfill, M.A. McGuire, E.E. Mosley, J.K. Tomberlin, L. Newton, W. Sealey, C. Sheppard, dan S. Irving, 2007a. Fish offal recycling by the black sol-dier fly produces a foodstuff high in omega-3 fatty ac-ids. J World Aquacult Society 38 (2).
Sudrajat, 2006. Mengelola sampah kota. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta.
Suriawiria, U., 2003. Mikrobiologi Air. PT Alumni, Bandung.
Suyanto, E., E. Soetarto, Sumardjo, dan H. Hardjomidjojo, 2015. Model kebijakan pengelolaan sampah berbasis partisipasi “Green Community” men-dukung kota hijau. Mimbar 31 (1), pp. 143-152.
Tim Laboratorium, 2012. Pengetahuan bahan makanan ternak. Ilmu dan Teknologi Pakan Fakultas Peternakan IPB [terhubung berkala]. https://www.google.co.id/anuragaja.staff.ipb.ac.id/files/2012/04/Buku-PBMT [20 Februari 2017].
Tomberlin, J.K., 2001. Biological, behavioral, and toxi-cological studies on the black soldier fly (Diptera:
Tomberlin, J.K., D.C. Sheppard, 2002. Factors influenc-ing mating and oviposition of black soldier flies (Dip-tera: Stratiomyidae) in a colony. J entomol sci 37 (4), pp. 345-352.
Tomberlin, J.K., D.C. Sheppard, dan J. A. Joyce, 2002. Selected life-history traits of black soldier flies (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) reared on three artificial diets. Ann En-tomol Soc Am 95 (3), pp. 379-386.
Wibowo S., 2013. Karakteristik bio-oil serbuk gergaji sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria L. Nielsen) menggunakan proses pirolisis lambat. Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan. 31(4):258-270.
Widyawidura W., J.I. Pongoh, 2016. Potensi waste to energy sampah perkotaan untuk kapasitas pembangkit 1 MW di Propinsi DIY. J Mek Sist Termal. 1(1):21-25.
Zhang, J., L. Huang, J. He, J.K. Tomberlin, J. Li, C. Lei, M. Sun, Z. Liu, dan Z. Yu, 2010. An artificial light source influences mating and oviposition of black sol-dier flies, Hermetia illucens. J Insect Sci 10 (202).
Zheng, L., Q. Li, J. Zhang, dan Z. Yu, 2012. Double the biodiesel yield: Rearing black soldier fly larvae, Hermet-ia illucens, on solid residual fraction of restaurant waste after grease extraction for biodiesel production. Renew-able energy 41 (2012), pp. 75-79.
Authors
MonitaL., SutjahjoS. H., AminA. A. and FahmiM. R. (2017) “PENGOLAHAN SAMPAH ORGANIK PERKOTAAN MENGGUNAKAN LARVA BLACK SOLDIER FLY (Hermetia illucens)”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 7(3), pp. 227-234. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.7.3.227-234.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
