SOIL CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES IN OIL PALM CULTIVATION FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE
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Accepted
28 August 2017
Published
28 August 2017
Keywords:
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runoff, erosion, oil palm, soil conservation, land capability
Abstract
Currently, many have been concerned with the oil palm cultivation since it may also put land resources in danger and bring about environmental damage. Poor practices in managing agricultural land very often occur due to the inadequate knowledge of soil conservation. Application of soil and water conservation is to maintain the productivity of the land and to prevent further damage by considering land capability classes. This research was aimed at obtaining soil and water conservation techniques which are the most appropriate and optimal for oil palm cultivation areas based on land capability classes which can support sustainable oil palm cultivation. Several soil conservation techniques had been treated to each different class III, IV, and VI of the studied area. These treatment had been performed by a standard plot erosion. The results showed for the land capability class III, Cover plants + Manure was able to control runoff, erosion and reduce leaching of N (LSD P≤0,05), in which soil conservation produced the lowest erosion (3,73t/ha), and N leaching (0,25%). On land capability class IV, Sediment Trap + cover plants+ manure was able to control runoff, erosion and reduce organic C and P leaching (LSD P≤0,05), in which soil conservation produced the lowest runoff (127,77 m3/ha), erosion (12,38t/ha), organic C leaching (1,14 %), and P leaching (1,28 ppm). On land capability class VI, there isn’t significant effect of soil conservation, but Bench Terrace + cover plants +manure has the lowest runoff, erosion and soil nutrient leaching.
References
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Arsyad, S., 2010. Konservasi Tanah dan Air. IPB Press. Cetakan Ke Sepuluh. Gedung Lembaga Sumberdaya In-formasi Lt. 1 Kampus Darmaga, Bogor
Brata, K. R., 1998. Pemanfaatan Jerami Padi sebagai Mulsa Vertikal untuk Pengendalian Aliran Permukaan, Erosi dan Kehilangan Unsur Hara dari Pertanian Lahan Kering. Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan. 1(1), pp. 21-27.
Fitri, R., 2010. Perencanaan Usahatani Berbasis Pinang untuk Pembangunan Pertanian Berkelanjutan di Kecama-tan Peusangan Selatan Provinsi Aceh. Prosiding Seminar Nasional dan Rapat Tahunan Dekan Bidang Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian BKS – PTN Wilayah Barat Tahun 2010. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Bengkulu.
Hartemink, A. E., 2006. Soil Erosion: Parennial Crop Plantation. Encyclopedia of Soil Science. pp. 1613-1617.
Juarsah, I., R. D. Yustika, dan A. Abdurrahman, 2008. Pengendalian Erosi Dan Kahat Bahan Organik Tanah Pa-da Lahan Kering Berlereng Mendukung Produksi Pangan Nasional. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Multifungsi Dan Konversi Lahan Pertanian. Balai Penelitian Tanah, Bogor
Mansoori, H., and M. R. Kohansal, 2009. Introducing a lexicographic goal programming for environmental con-servation program in farm activities: a case study in Iran. China Agricultural Economic Review. 1(4), pp. 478-484.
Mekonnena, M., S. D. Keesstraa, C. J. Ritsemaa., L. Stroosnijdera., J. E. M. Baartmana, 2016. Sediment trap-ping with indigenous grass species showing differences in plant traits in northwest Ethiopia. Catena. 147, pp. 755-763p.
Monde, A., 2010. Pengendalian aliran permukaan dan erosi pada lahan berbasis kakao di DAS Gumbasa Sula-wesi Tengah. Media Litbang Sulteng. 3(2), pp. 131-136.
Murtilaksono, K., E. S. Sutarta, H. H. Siregar, W. Dar-mosarkoro, dan Y. Hidayat, 2008. Penerapan teknik konservasi tanah dalam upaya menekan aliran per-mukaan dan erosi di kebun kelapa sawit. Prosiding Sem-inar dan Kongres Nasional MKTI VI, 17-18 Desember 2008, Cisarua Bogor: 165-171.
Saida, Abdullah, K. Jusoff, M. Ilsan, A. Haris and Nu-raeni, 2013. Evaluation of land capability for agriculture in the upstream of jeneberang watershed, South Sulawesi. American-Eurasian J. Agric. & Environ. Sci., 13(8), pp. 1027-1033.
Satriawan, H., dan E. M. Harahap, 2013. Kajian erosi tanah pada sub DAS Krueng Sieumpo Aceh. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengelolaan DAS Berbasis Masyarakat Menuju Hutan Aceh Berkelanjutan, Banda Aceh.
Satriawan, H., Z. Fuady., 2012. Arahan Penggunaan Lahan Untuk Pengembangan Pertanian Di Kecamatan Peusangan Selatan. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Dan Rapat Tahunan Dekan Bidang Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian BKS – PTN Wilayah Barat Tahun 2012. Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara. pp. 497.
Sutono, S., A. Abdurachman, dan I. Juarsah, 1996. Per-baikan Tanah Podsolik Merah Kuning (Haplorthox) Menggunakan Bahan Organik dan Anorganik: Suatu Percobaan Rumah Kasa. Pros. Pertemuan Pembahasan dan Komunikasi Hasil Penelitian Tanah dan Agroklimat. Puslittanak. pp 17-37.
Sui Y, Y. Qu, B. Yan, X. Xu, A. N. Rousseau, Y. Zhang, 2016. Assessment of micro-basin tillage as a soil and water conservation practice in the black soil region of northeast china. Plos One. 11 (3).
Xiang, Z. X., J. L. Mei, L. Bin, F. K. Shang, G. X. Shi, 2012. Quantifying the Effects of Conservation Pactices on Soil, Water, and Nutrients in the Loess Mesa Ravine Region of the Loess Plateau, China. Environmental Management. 49: 1092-1101.
Authors
SatriawanH., FuadyZ. and AgusniA. (2017) “SOIL CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES IN OIL PALM CULTIVATION FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE”, Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management). Bogor, ID, 7(2), pp. 178-183. doi: 10.29244/jpsl.7.2.178-183.
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