Jurnal Pengelolaan Lingkungan Pertambangan

Evaluation of Actual and Potential Land Suitability on Lime Post-Mining Land in Padalarang, West Bandung

2025-02-04T12:36:18+07:00

Open Access Land (OAL) refers to former mining areas outside the mining business license zones, which often experience severe degradation due to illegal mining activities without reclamation. The negative impacts of mining activities on OAL must be addressed promptly through reclamation efforts. Developing a rehabilitation plan for OAL requires comprehensive data, including land suitability evaluation data. This study was conducted on former limestone mining areas in the Gunung Hawu-Pabeasan region, Padalarang, West Bandung Regency, with the objective of assessing current and potential land suitability, identifying limiting factors, and providing rehabilitation recommendations. Soil samples were collected from four distinct locations, including natural soil and OAL sites (1,2, and 3), and analyzed in the laboratory to determine soil characteristics. The analysis revealed significant differences between natural soil and OAL, particularly in terms of effective depth, soil physical and chemical properties. Land suitability evaluation based on FAO guidelines, indicated that natural soil is classified as marginally suitable (S3) for certain crops compared to OAL, with main limiting factors including nutrient retention and water availability. OAL soils are mostly classified as not suitable (N) for the studied crops, primarily due to limitations in effective soil depth and water availability. OAL requires further improvements to enhance land suitability through fertilization and proper root zone management. After rehabilitation, the potential land suitability improves but remains in S2 and S3 classes depending on the type of crop. Teak, sengon, and pine are suitable for revegetation but still require proper land management and improvement to enhance land suitability

Increasing Flora And Fauna Biodiversity In The Hengjaya Mineralindo Bio-Spark Program

2025-02-04T12:37:21+07:00

Indonesia as a country geographically located between the Asian Continent and the Australian Continent, commonly called the Wallace region, consequently Indonesia have an abundance of flora and fauna. Over time, the diversity of flora and fauna that exist can be threatened by increased human activities such as mining, and others. PT Hengjaya Mineralindo, a nickel mining company in the Sulawesi region, is aware of the importance of maintaining the biodiversity of flora and fauna around its operational area. The company committed to establishing a High Conservation Value Area of 196.78 ha called BIO-SPARK (Biodiversity Study and Protection for Advancing Research and Knowledge). Based on its diversity index, mammals in the arboretum area have a value of 1.28, which is included in the moderate category, While the avifauna in the arboretum area has a value of 3.35, this value is included in the high category. Based on the evenness index of mammal and avifauna species, the value is close to 1, which means that the distribution of individuals between species is relatively even, and the dominance index is close to 0, which means that there is no dominant species at the monitoring area. The migration of several species from their previous location to the arboretum area, along with the abundance of food supplies available, can lead to the addition of new species. Thus, with the arboretum area, it can be a place to maintain the sustainability of flora and fauna around the PT Hengjaya Mineralindo mining area

Strengthening Indonesia's Nickel Downstream Industry through Green Energy-Based Smelter Technology

2025-02-04T12:36:53+07:00

Indonesia holds the world's largest nickel reserves, estimated at 55 million tons in 2024, making it a key player in the global nickel industry. The government has enacted downstream policies, such as a ban on raw ore exports and mandated domestic processing through Ministerial Decree of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) No. 17 of 2020, to maximize its potential. These policies have accelerated the development of green energy-based smelters, which aim to enhance value addition while reducing environmental impacts like carbon emissions and hazardous waste. This study explores the current conditions and future prospects of developing nickel smelters in Indonesia, focusing on the policies in place, their economic impacts, and the role of green technologies in supporting smelter development initiatives. It highlights the economic, environmental, and social benefits of green technologies in Indonesia's nickel downstream industry. Innovations such as nanotechnology, Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP), bioleaching, and High-Pressure Acid Leach (HPAL) show significant potential by reducing emissions, waste, and energy consumption. PT Vale Indonesia, a leading player in the industry, exemplifies this transformation through initiatives like fuel shifting, renewable energy utilization, electrification of equipment, and energy efficiency measures. Despite challenges like high costs, infrastructure limitations, and waste management issues, green smelters substantially contribute to job creation, competitiveness, and environmental preservation. Continued policy support and cross-sector collaboration are crucial. However, it's the investment in research that holds the key to overcoming these barriers and positioning Indonesia as a global leader in sustainable nickel production

The Effect of Reclamation on Soil Fertility in Former Gold Mining Areas in North Minahasa

2025-02-04T12:35:19+07:00

Gold mining activities play a significant role in Indonesia's economy but also present challenges such as land degradation and environmental pollution. Reclamation efforts are crucial to restore ecological function and soil productivity in former mining areas. This study analyzed the effects of reclamation and revegetation on soil fertility in former gold mining areas managed by PT Tambang Tondano Nusajaya (PT TTN) and PT Meares Soputan Mining (PT MSM) in North Minahasa. Soil samples were collected from revegetated areas aged 2–10 years and compared with undisturbed forest soils. Physical properties (texture, bulk density, porosity) and chemical properties (pH, organic C, total N, total P, available P, cation exchange capacity (CEC), and base saturation) were analyzed. The results showed that the soils in revegetated areas had low to moderate bulk density and porosity values, and their chemical properties were characterized by very low to low organic C and total N, low to high CEC, and very high base saturation. Soil texture with dominant proportions of sand remained unchanged due to its permanent feature. Despite ongoing revegetation, the fertility of soils in reclaimed areas remained below undisturbed forest soils, with no significant improvements observed over the revegetation period. These findings emphasize the need for additional soil ameliorants to enhance soil quality and fertility in mine reclamation

Reclamation Technology for Coal Post-Mining Land Contaminated by Acid Mine Drainage (AMD)

2025-02-04T12:55:27+07:00

Indonesia, as a major coal producer and exporter, produced 775.2 million tons of coal in 2023, with mining activities concentrated in Kalimantan and Sumatera. Indonesia also holds 37.6 billion tons of coal reserves, ranking sixth globally. However, decades of coal extraction have led to severe environmental degradation, particularly through the formation of acid mine drainage (AMD). AMD is a highly acidic pollutant characterized by low pH and elevated concentrations of dissolved metals, formed when pyrite (FeS₂) and other sulfide minerals exposed during mining, oxidize upon contact with oxygen and water. This process significantly threatens water quality, soil health, and overall ecosystem integrity. To mitigate the environmental impacts of AMD, effective reclamation technologies are crucial. These include the application of ameliorants, the implementation of AMD management systems, and phytoremediation using hyperaccumulator plants. These methods aim to neutralize acidity, reduce metal concentrations, and restore ecosystem functions in coal post-mining land. The study applies a descriptive-analytical methodology to evaluate reclamation strategies implemented both in Indonesia and globally. The findings provide recommendations for effective and sustainable reclamation practices to mitigate AMD, rehabilitate degraded land, and ensure long-term environmental sustainability. Synthetic zeolite shows higher effectiveness in heavy metal adsorption, while natural zeolite is more cost-effective and sustainable. In managing AMD, the application of active and passive technologies combination should be adjusted to the specific characteristics of the site. Phytoremediation using hyperaccumulator plants has proven effective in reducing heavy metal contamination in both soil and water, by considering the type of contaminants and their absorption mediums

Simulation of Acid Mine Drainage Water Quality Using Python-Based Modeling: Scenario Variations Analysis for Predicting pH and Metal Concentrations

2025-02-04T12:35:55+07:00

Acid mine drainage (AMD) is a serious environmental challenge caused by the oxidation of sulfide minerals, resulting in water with low pH and high concentrations of heavy metals such as Fe, Al, and SO4. This study aims to simulate and evaluate mine water quality under various AMD management scenarios based on a Python-based modeling approach. Ten scenarios were analyzed, including mineral precipitation methods, coagulant addition, temperature adjustments, flow rate increases, and industrial pollution impacts. The simulation results show that Scenario B (Goethite and Gibbsite precipitation) and Scenario C (amorphous phase precipitation of Al(OH)₃ and Fe(OH)₃) effectively reduce aluminum and iron concentrations to moderate levels while maintaining stability. Scenario H (coagulant addition) proved to be the most effective, reducing aluminum concentration to 4.35 mg/L. In contrast, Scenario J (increased flow rate) had a detrimental impact, significantly increasing Fe and SO₄ concentrations to 319.12 mg/L. This study applies an integrated approach that combines mineral precipitation and coagulant addition to provide an effective and sustainable solution for AMD mitigation. These findings offer a practical framework for improving environmental management and minimizing the ecological impact of acid mine drainage

Effectiveness of Mine Land Reclamation in Indonesia: Case Studies and Innovative Approaches for Ecosystem Restoration

2025-02-03T16:43:20+07:00

Mine land reclamation is a crucial effort to minimize the negative environmental impacts of mining activities. The primary objective of this paper is to evaluate innovative approaches in mine reclamation, such as the use of biochar, void management, and revegetation techniques, and to analyze their effectiveness in improving soil quality and environmental sustainability. Data from various case studies in Indonesia were analyzed to understand the challenges and opportunities in implementing these reclamation techniques. The study results show that techniques like biochar can enhance soil fertility by improving cation exchange capacity (CEC) and soil pH, revegetation can restore canopy cover and biodiversity through the use of locally adapted plant species, and void management provides opportunities for sustainable water resource development. However, challenges in meeting criteria such as soil fertility enhancement, water quality improvement, and biodiversity restoration still require special attention. This study offers new insights into effective and sustainable post-mining environmental management practices in Indonesia