Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika

Verifying the Existence of Indigenous Peoples using a Socio-spatial Approach: A Case Study of the Boti Tribe, Indonesia

2024-08-14T13:26:50+07:00

Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 52 of 2014 states that the criteria or evidence that must be met for recognition of indigenous peoples are: indigenous history, customary territories, customary law, customary objects, and customary institutions. Using a case study of the Boti Tribe, the oldest ethnic group on Timor Island, this study aims to collect evidence of the existence of indigenous peoples and their customary territories. This research will focus on verifying evidence of the existence of indigenous peoples using a socio-spatial approach. Our findings show that the Boti indigenous community still exists, with several main evidences of its existence, namely, they have a traditional history in which they were formed from several clans led by the Benu clan; there is a customary area with several use zones of land; there are customary laws that regulate daily life and local wisdom in managing natural resources; and there are traditional practices. Additional evidence was discovered that they manage customary forests sustainably, as evidenced by the consistent forest cover over the last 30 years. These findings can be used to develop academic papers and plans for regional regulations concerning the Boti Tribe's recognition.

Measuring Effectiveness of SMART Patrol in Biodiversity Protection of Rimbang Baling and Bukit Betabuh, Sumatra

2024-08-14T13:26:50+07:00

The main authorities and practitioners face crucial challenges in safeguarding wildlife and conservation areas due to massive direct anthropogenic disturbances, such as illegal logging, habitat conversion into human development areas, and wildlife poaching. Therefore, measuring the effectiveness of wildlife and habitat protection is essential for wider conservation intervention. This study aimed to examine patrol effectiveness using measurable effort and parameters of SMART-based data collection in Rimbang Baling and Bukit Betabuh, Sumatra. We conducted a series of planned SMART-based data collections in designated patrol blocks of Rimbang Baling from 2014 to 2018. We implemented catch per unit effort (CPUE) measurement by the number of detected illegal activities and then a generalized linear model (GLM) to assess the relationship between patrol efforts and threat numbers. This study covered 209 patrols within 2,129 patrol days, 13,153.05 patrol hours, and 14,864 km. The CPUE value decreased from 0.381 to 0.191. Our GLM showed that patrol efforts significantly reduced threat numbers. This study provides new knowledge regarding SMART-based data collection and its ability to increase the effectiveness of patrols in promoting better protection and threat reduction in conservation areas in Indonesia.

Pioneering Conservation Efforts with Crowdfunding Scheme for the Sumatran Tiger Conflict

2024-08-14T13:26:49+07:00

Human-wildlife conflicts present significant challenges in conservation efforts. This study delves into the effectiveness of crowdfunding, intervention mechanisms, and communication initiatives in addressing the human-wildlife conflict, specifically concerning the sumatran tiger. By leveraging data from NGO web platforms, exploratory documentation, national records, and a broad spectrum of literature reviews, we aimed to unravel the nuanced dynamics of these initiatives in the conservation framework. Our findings indicate that while crowdfunding platforms such as the sapu jerat campaign offer innovative fundraising avenues, the harmonized efforts of communication strategies and robust intervention mechanisms create lasting impacts. This study underscores the essence of multifaceted approaches, stressing the value of stakeholder collaborations, including NGOs, local communities, and governmental agencies. Furthermore, this research accentuates the increasing role of digital tools in enhancing conservation efforts, suggesting a paradigm shift in contemporary conservation strategies. Hence, this study offers invaluable insights for conservationists, decision-makers, and NGOs aiming to optimize their strategies in the context of human-wildlife conflicts. At a more detailed level, the intervention mechanisms of the Sumatran Tiger Project demonstrate the importance of adaptive management, inter-agency collaboration, and sustainable financing as key components. This study highlights that the combination of technology, community involvement, strategic planning, and effective storytelling can provide a sustainable future for the sumatran tiger.

Enhancing Forest Fire Communication: A Case Study of Oregon Government Social Media

2024-08-14T13:26:49+07:00

Forest fires pose an escalating threat, demanding effective communication strategies for communities. While past research underscores the importance of community involvement and transparent communication, the dominance of social media in today's media landscape calls for a reassessment. This study investigates the utilization of social media, specifically Facebook, by the Oregon government during the 2022 fire season in Cedar Creek and Double Creek regions. Through Facepager, 4576 posts and comments were collected and then analyzed using the multi-coder approach and Vader Algorithm focusing on post frequency, thematic content, and user sentiments. The result reveals that positive sentiment polarity scores were observed with 0.61 and 0.71 for Cedar Creek and Double Creek respectively, however, the thematic and post-frequency analysis suggests a need for government agencies to diversify content, emphasizing scientific aspects and addressing community concerns. The findings offer valuable insights for enhancing risk communication strategies, promoting informed public engagement, and guiding effective government communication in wildfire scenarios.

Floristic Composition and Carbon Storage of Floor Vegetation in Community Forests of Ciamis Regency, West Jawa

2024-08-14T13:26:48+07:00

Agroforestry-integrated community forests foster greater plant diversity compared to conventional agriculture, potentially offering significant ecological and societal benefits. However, the specific contribution of diverse floor vegetation within these forests to carbon cycling remains understudied. This study addresses this knowledge gap by comprehensively analyzing the floristic composition and carbon storage potential of floor vegetation in tropical community forests. Using a stratified random sampling design with quadrats to ensure representative data collection across various locations in Ciamis Regency, West Java, Indonesia, we identified 296 plant species belonging to 89 families. Our analysis revealed that the understory vegetation exhibits moderate species diversity and stores carbon ranging from 0.107 to 0.238 Mg C ha⁻¹, with an average sequestration potential of 0.730 Mg C ha⁻¹. These findings suggest that community forests harbor diverse floor vegetation communities with significant carbon storage and sequestration potential, providing valuable insights for environmentally sustainable community forest management and contributing to broader efforts towards climate change mitigation.

Distribution of Stingless Bee (Trigona spp.) from Meliponiculture in South Sumatra Province, Indonesia

2024-08-14T13:26:48+07:00

This study aims to determine species distribution by observing the stingless bees cultivated by the community in South Sumatra Province using meliponiculture. By visiting boxes and studying the entrance and characteristics of stingless bee hives at each research location, bee samples were obtained in six districts or cities where beekeepers exist. The study was conducted from January 2023 to May 2023. The type of bee species was identified in each culture box, the diameter of the entrance was measured, and the diameters of the honey pot and brood cell pot were measured. A descriptive analysis was performed to gain an overview of each entrance and nest. Based on the identification results, eight different varieties of stingless bees were discovered. Each research site had an unequal distribution of the eight varieties of bees. Lepidotrigona terminata, Heterotrigona itama, Lophotrigona canifrons, Geniotrigona thoracica, Tetrigona apicalis, Tetragonula testaceitarsis, Tetragonula fuscobalateata, and Tetragonula laeviceps are examples of stingless bees. Variations in the size of identified stingless bees affect the size of the hive, brood cell, honey pot, and entrance. The nest, brood cells, honey pot, and entrance grow in proportion to the size of the stingless bee. Differences in the form and size of the entrance can also distinguish between species.

Navigating Conservation Access: Unraveling Ignorant Tourist Behavior and Typologies in Komodo National Park

2024-08-14T13:26:47+07:00

The impact of access policies on the influx of ignorant behavior in conservation areas is still understudied. This research aims to detect this ignorant tourist behavior in the conservation areas by analyzing perceived accessibility and examining the tourist typologies. The study was conducted in Komodo National Park, one of the most popular destinations in Indonesia, which has experienced high accessibility development. The research method employed tourism policy and factor-cluster analysis to examine the tourist typology. Accessibility constructs and hedonic tourist motivation were used as the variables in the analysis. The total respondents were 534, and the data were analyzed using a non-hierarchical K-means cluster analysis. The result showed that three aspects were considered in managing the accessibility in the conservation areas. The aspects included destination, individual, and conservation accessibilities in the national park. Further, four tourist typologies were found in this research. Two new typologies, hedonistic adventure tourists and high-risk hedonistic tourists, indicated ignorant behavior. Two others, such as real ecotourists and nature-relaxing tourists, presented general nature-based tourist characteristics in the existing literature. The managerial implications of this research are providing practical insights for planners and destination managers to improve conservation awareness for remarkably ignorant tourists.

Development Strategy of Potential Non-Timber Forest Product Commodities in the Boti Indigenous Community, Indonesia

2024-08-14T13:26:47+07:00

The Boti indigenous community on Timor Island utilizes non-timber forest products for their daily lives, but there is a lack of information about their potential and sustainable use, which requires an empowerment initiative for them. This study aims to investigate the potential and utilization of NTFPs while also formulating an NTFPs development strategy in Boti Village. A combined method, including literature review, plot measurement, socio-economic surveys, and interviews, was used to collect data. NTFPs were evaluated for their potential using the importance value index; their utilization was studied through an ethnobotanical survey; and an NTFP development strategy was formulated utilizing a SWOT-PESTLE analysis. The results show that three types—candlenut, tamarind, and lac tree—dominate among the 13 species of the NTFPs. NTFPs are used for various purposes, such as medicinal, natural dye weaving, and selling to raise household income. The NTFPs development in Boti village needs to be prioritized, with a focus on increasing the added value of NTFPs through funding, facilitation, technological assistance, planting and preserving, collaborating more, and enforcing formal and customary rules. The results can be used as a baseline or reference for sustainable NTFP management and the empowerment of the Boti indigenous community.

Expedition and Characterization of the Corpse Flower (Amorphophallus titanum (Becc.)) in West Sumatra

2024-08-14T13:26:46+07:00

The corpse flower (Amorphophallus titanum Becc.) is an endemic flora of Indonesia that is naturally found only in Sumatra. The status of A. titanum is endangered because of several factors: deforestation, tuber exploitation, long flowering time, and protogyne. Until now, there has been no research about the population and distribution of A. titanum in West Sumatra. This study aimed to obtain information about the population and distribution of A. titanum in West Sumatra, so this research is essential to learn. The research used roaming and snowball sampling methods in Solok Selatan and Sijunjung Regencies in September-October 2022. The research was conducted by recording the coordinates where A. titanum was discovered, marked using GPS, and collecting morphological characteristics. The results showed that exploration in the Solok Selatan District found 19 corpse flower individuals (18 species of A. titanum and one species of A. gigas). In contrast, exploration in Sijunjung Regency managed to found 25 species of A. titanum. The corpse flowers found were in vegetative, dormant, flowering, and fruiting phases. The results help record the number and distribution of A.titanum in West Sumatra. The ex-situ conservation program will use germplasm as propagation material in the future.

The Performance of Legume and Non-legume Trees under Dry Karst Areas

2024-08-14T13:26:45+07:00

Karst areas in Indonesia are arid landscapes with water-use limitations because of dissolved carbonates. Long-term water scarcity stunts plant growth and often kills them. For tropical karst forestry-greening, the three best legume and three best non-legume species from a previous trial comprising 20 species were compared. Since October 2011, seedlings of the top three non-legume, species Aleurites mollucana, Sterculia foetida, and Alstonia scholaris, and three legume species, Acacia auriculiformis, Cassea seamea, and Acacia mangium, have been grown for four months. In January 2012, field trials were established at two dry karst locations, i.e., Pracimantoro, Central Java, and Bunder, Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta. A randomized block design was used to raise 1.764 seedlings at the two sites with 7×7 plots, 3×3 spacing between trees, and three blocks. After 10 months, legumes and non-legumes differed greatly in all growth parameters. These disparities lasted up to 30 months, when trees should have adapted to their new surroundings. After seven years of planting, legume trees raised the soil's organic matter concentration from low to medium, making it more fertile, similar to soil from intensive agricultural regions. Thus, early or mixed legume plantings on tropical karst sites may aid in better re-greening than the establishment of non-legumes.

Technical and Sociocultural Aspects in Sustainable Urban Forest Management in Dolok Sanggul District

2024-08-14T13:26:51+07:00

Urban forest management is crucial for urban development, significantly contributing to environmental, economic, and social well-being. Dolok Sanggul District, in Humbang Hasundutan Regency, offers a unique context for examining technical and sociocultural aspects of urban forest management. This research aims to analyze these aspects' influence on urban forest management in Dolok Sanggul District using a quantitative research method and multiple regression analysis. The study's results indicate that both technical and sociocultural aspects significantly impact urban forest management. Technical aspects, such as law and regulation regarding forestry, account for 51.0% of the influence. Sociocultural aspects, including community opinions on community awareness and participation, education and the social environment, as well as community interaction, contribute 55.2%. Combined, these aspects exert a synergistic effect, with a total influence of 63.4% on urban forest management. These findings underscore the importance of integrating technical and sociocultural considerations to develop effective urban forest management strategies. By leveraging the strengths of both aspects, policymakers and urban planners can create sustainable and resilient urban forests that benefit the community and environment. Additionally, this research highlights the need for a holistic approach that values community input and technical expertise, ensuring balanced and sustainable urban development. This study provides a foundation for future research and practical applications, emphasizing the critical role of comprehensive planning and community engagement in urban forest management.

Are the Physical and Social Capitals Still Productive Resources for Coffee Agroforestry Development?: The Evidence of Endogenous Growth Role in Leveraging the Sluggish Production Factors at Batutegi Forest Management Unit

2024-08-14T13:26:44+07:00

Increasing income (INC) is a key variable for the encroacher's self-empowerment in order to able to leave protected forest areas voluntarily when their concessionary period will be due. This urgency is facing by almost Social Forestry Programs across the country such as for Batutegi Lampung Province, whose empowerment period only has 20 years left so that they don't become encroachers again. While physical capital (PC), especially forest land, has seemed leveling off for increasing INC, so the stimulating social capital (SC) is a must. In this context, the role of extension activities (ROLE) in amplifying PC and SC productivity in leveraging INC needs to be elucidated. The objectives of this research are to: (1) reveal the strengths of the direct effect of ROLE on INC, (2)compare the effectiveness of ROLE in leveraging SC to PC in order to increase INC, and (3) evaluate the effectiveness of ROLE in stimulating FC and SC in order to leverage INC. The SEM (structural equation modeling) postulates employed at a confidence level of 95%, where PC and SC are treated as exogenous variables, ROLE as intervening variables, and INC as endogenous variables. The land tenure both inside and outside the forest area is used as an indicator for the PC. Elements of norms, trust, and network as indicators for SC. The three indicators for ROLE employed are the benefit of extension activities about forest protection, agroforestry technique, and post-harvest skill. Two indicators for INC are from coffee beans and other non-timber forest products (NTFP). Data collection was carried out in between April to June 2020 through semi-structured interviews with 98 forest encroachers who were drawn using stratified random sampling. Conclusion: (1) FC and SC not directly productive, did not significantly increase INC (P=0.740 and 0.123 respectively), and in contrast to ROLE were highly productive (P=0.000), (2) PC was also not significantly stimulated to ROLE (P=0.112) but SC was significant (P=0.000) and [3] for PC the ROLE activities were blunt or not significant in amplifying INC (P=0.188) but very powerful or significant for SC (P=0.000). The implication: to ensure that encroachers or HKm land concession holders are able to leave protected forest areas voluntarily when their concession rights expire, the FMU authority must increase the knowledge and skills of HKm concession holders through strengthening extension performance (ROLE) as a necessary condition for increasing income, not continuing to increase the land allotment.

Species Richness and Diversity in Secondary Lowland Forest, Bintuni, Bird's Head Peninsula, West Papua, Indonesia

2024-08-14T13:26:44+07:00

The tropical forest plays an important role in ecosystem services, yet anthropological activities have changed the ecological conditions. Thus, this research was designed to reveal the species richness and diversity in secondary forests, including lifeform alteration. The 50 perpendicular plots were placed in both forests, with 25 for each. The study revealed that the secondary forest represents a stage of ecological succession in which species richness and diversity decreased. Additionally, the composition of life forms in the secondary forest changed, with dominant herbs indicating a more dynamic vegetation due to shifting ecological conditions. Species classified as Threatened have disappeared due to human activities in the forest. However, the secondary forest has provided a habitat for certain species, including those with conservation status, such as Threatened or Extinct, to thrive and colonize. Approximately 15.7% of species exclusively thrive in secondary forests, including Antiaropsis uniflora C.C.Berg. Therefore, to promote sustainable forest management, this study suggests monitoring the species in secondary forests, particularly since the use of forests has traditionally been determined by local communities, including in restricted forest areas. Moreover, the local government could officially designate traditional forest use, thereby allowing restricted forests to be conserved as old-growth forests.

Front-matter

2024-08-14T13:26:45+07:00

https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.30.1.fm

Back-matter

2024-08-14T13:26:43+07:00

https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.30.1.bm