Jurnal Manajemen Hutan Tropika

Assessing Habitat Suitability for the Invasive Species Lantana camara on Bali Island: A Model Using the Biodiversity and Climate Change Virtual Laboratory (BCCVL)

2024-12-13T13:29:27+07:00

Indonesia, known for its high biodiversity, is threatened due to alien plants that invade local plant species in forest areas. West Bali National Park is overgrown with invasive exotic plants, such as Lantana camara L., known locally as the kembang telek. The research aims to predict the distribution of L. camara using species distribution models (SDMs) and analysis variable contribution in the model featured in the biodiversity climate change virtual laboratory (BCCVL) application. L. camara distribution prediction model in Bali used the Bioclim data input by identifying areas of low, medium, and high habitat suitability. Central mountainous regions, including parts of Buleleng, Jembrana, Bangli, Karangasem, and Tabanan, show the highest suitability. Response curves demonstrated the correlation between climate variables and occurrence probability, highlighting the specific condition of rainfall and temperature ranges favoring Lantana's growth. The model showed a reliable AUC value of 0.89, indicating realibility. Potential improvements through additional environmental parameters were suggested. While L. camara has some potential benefits as a medicinal plant in Balinese culture, its invasive nature poses significant threats to native ecosystems. The predictive map offers valuable insights for authorities to implement initiative-taking strategies for preventing and controlling Lantanas spread in vulnerable areas of Bali.

The Effect of Fusarium Fungal Inoculation, Hole Position, and Induction Technique on Forming Agarwood in Gyrinops versteegii Tree

2024-12-13T13:29:28+07:00

Gyrinops versteegii, belonging to the Themelaeaceae family, is one of the species producing high-grade agarwood. The induction technique can accelerate the agarwood product. This study inducted the G.versteegii tree with fungal species, a variation of hole position, and an induction technique. The research was done at a domesticated G. versteegii plantation in Sragen and Karanganyar District, Central Java Province. The agarwood quality resulted from the inoculated G.versteegii tree characterized by the wood aroma, the discolouration area, wood aroma, and terpenoid content, is significantly affected by the wood position in the stem, the fungal species, and the inoculation technique. The upper stem results the better agarwood than the bottom stem. Using the inoculant of the Fusarium oxysporum can achieve better agarwood than the inoculant of F.solani and mixed F.solani x F.oxysporum. Furthermore, the infusion technique gains a better agarwood result than others.

Keywords: domesticated G.versteegii, wood aroma, discolouration, and terpenoids.

A Comparative Study of the Organellar Genome of Gyrinops versteegii and Aquilaria malaccensis

2024-12-13T13:29:27+07:00

Gyrinops versteegii and Aquilaria malaccensis are two important species of the Aquilarieae tribe. The main problem of this tribe is the challenge of species identification that is strongly dependent on the presence of flowers and fruit, which are not always available. The availability of whole genome information is expected to address the problems of species identification. This research aims to construct and compare the chloroplast and mitochondrial genomes of G. versteegii and A. malaccensis from short-read data using the NOVOplasty and GetOrganelle assembler. The chloroplast genome assembly revealed a full-length quadripartite circular structure with sizes of 174.814 bp (G. versteegii) and 174.821–174.822 bp (A. malaccensis), with highly conserved gene and organization. Meanwhile, the mitochondrial genome is multipartite with a size of 400.012 bp (G. versteegii) and 400.000 bp (A. malaccensis), with highly variable genes and organization due to the presence of gene cluster repeats. The LSC/IR/SCC region borders and phylogenetic analysis in chloroplasts indicate variations between the genomes of these two species. The investigation of nucleotide diversity in the chloroplast genome revealed that the trnL-rpl32 region had the highest nucleotide diversity (Pi = 0.03). This information will be useful in the future for a variety of downstream analyses.

Effects of Peatland Fires on Above-ground Carbon Stocks in Kepulauan Meranti Regency, Riau Province

2024-12-13T13:29:29+07:00

Peat fires substantially alter ecosystem dynamics and carbon storage, making it essential to understand how fire-related components affect post-fire carbon stocks. This study aims to estimate the above-ground carbon stock on burned peatlands in Kepulauan Meranti Regency, Riau Province, and examine how fire recurrence, last fire occurrence, and burn severity influence the carbon stock using a modified regression model and remote sensing data. The normalized burn ratio index difference between post- and pre-fire was used to calculate burn severity. The continuous predictor variable was transformed using a natural logarithm to generate the best-fit model. The 2014 burned peatland stored the highest carbon, whereas the 2020 burned peatland was the lowest. The 2020 fire period was the most severe compared to the 2014 and 2018–2019 fires, although it had a smaller burned area. This study highlights that fire-related components significantly affect post-fire peatland above-ground carbon stocks, particularly last fire occurrence and burn severity. Meanwhile, fire recurrence had the weakest impact and correlation with above-ground carbon stock compared to other predictors, likely due to the brief intervals between fire events in 2018 and 2019, which may have restricted ecosystem recovery and limited carbon storage capacity.

Effectiveness of the Implementation of Occupational and Safety Health Management System (OSHMS) on Pine Resin Harvesting

2024-12-13T13:29:29+07:00

Work in the forestry sector, especially pine resin harvesting, is classified as heavy work and a high risk of accidents and occupational health because the pine resin harvesting activities are carried out on varying topography, using various heavy tools and hazardous chemicals. Hence, the occupational and safety health management system (OSHMS) is an essential sector. Some studies about pine resin tapping focused on productivity, socio-economics, and resin quality; however, there needs to be more research about OSHMS in pine resin harvesting. Therefore, the effectiveness of implementing OSHMS is essential to analyze, finding out its impact on the rate of work accidents and employee health in forest product harvesting activities. The objectives of this study are a) to identify the sociodemographics of forest employees, b) to clarify the pine resin harvesting activities and identify the hazard risk, and c) to clarify the effectiveness of the implementation of OSHMS on pine resin harvesting activities. The research was conducted in the state forest company (SFC) in Central Java Province. Interview techniques, literature studies from OSH documents, and field observations carried out to collect sociodemographics of forest employees are dominated by old employees, low education levels, and a working system based on family; this situation impacts the implementation of OSHMS and pine resin harvesting. The SFC provides SOP and training about the technical application of pine resin harvesting, but some employees did not follow the procedure. The impact of disobeying employees, the hazard risk, and accidents also improve. The recommendations for the company are to increase the time spent training the workers and to implement the OSHMS standard. Personal protective equipments have to check routines, and the employees must know the mechanism if there is an accident and how to solve it.

Nature Resources Contestation Between Native Papuans: Establishing a Collaborative Management of the Cyclops Mountain Nature Reserve Area in Papua, Indonesia

2024-12-13T13:29:26+07:00

Natural resource management and biodiversity protection in conservation areas require the involvement of local communities. However, these efforts are often hampered by conflicts in the use of resources among the population, including among the indigenous people. In this regard, this study examines the contestation of the management and utilization of natural resources between local indigenous Papuans and indigenous Papuan migrants in the Cyclops Mount Nature Reserve (CMNR). The study explored a wide range of information related to this issue qualitatively by using a mini-ethnography method. The study conducted in-depth interviews with informants from local and migrant communities and participant and non-participant observations. The study shows that the local indigenous Papuan utilized the area on a relatively sustainable basis. However, they were not able to prevent the use of natural resources in the CMNR by the indigenous Papuan migrants, resulting in environmental damage. To avoid further environmental damage to the CMNR, this study recommends the need for collaborative management of the CMNR area by involving both local indigenous Papuans and indigenous Papuan migrants with support from the government.

The Potential Ecological Impact of Oil Palm Agroforestry as Term of Improvement for Restoring Harapan Rainforest

2024-12-15T05:31:47+07:00

Around 20.000 ha of forestland in the Harapan Rainforest, Jambi Province, Indonesia, is currently under encroachment by local communities. Local communities encroach on forest land converted into oil palm plantations. Expanding oil palm plantations into forest areas led to biodiversity loss and massive carbon emissions. The annual net carbon emissions of oil palm transformation from the forest in Indonesia is around 12.41–25.83 ton-1 ha-1 year-1. Oil palm agroforestry is considered to be able to increase carbon sequestration and the biodiversity level. CRC-990/EFForTS has established an oil palm agroforestry experimental plot in Jambi Province, Indonesia, namely B11 plot. This study compares the carbon sequestration and biodiversity level between oil palm monoculture and agroforestry. The data collected in this study was obtained from the CRC-990 experimental plots. We collected data on the CRC-990 oil palm agroforestry plot in 6 plots of 40 m × 40 m and 6 plots of 20 m × 20 m. We chose the location and theme of this research because, until now, no research has been conducted yet to calculate the potential carbon absorption capacity and biodiversity level of oil palm agroforestry patterns in B11 plot. This study uses an allometric equation and IPCC guidelines to estimate biomass and carbon sequestration. SNI 8014 is used to evaluate the biodiversity level. This study found that oil palm agroforestry has more significant carbon sequestration. Increasing intercropping in oil palm agroforestry will increase the amount of carbon sequestration. This study also found that oil palm agroforestry has a higher biodiversity level. The species diversity of oil palm agroforestry is moderate, while oil palm monoculture is low. These potential ecological impacts can be considered an initial step in restoring the Harapan Rainforest. It is important to choose appropriate intercrops and proper management to increase the successful implementation of oil palm agroforestry.

Phosphorus Availability Affecting the Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) in the Artisanal Gold Mining Area

2024-12-13T13:29:25+07:00

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) diversity is influenced by biotic and abiotic factors. Several studies have shown the presence of AMF in ex-gold mining areas with low soil fertility and heavy metal accumulation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the diversity of AMF species in artisanal gold mining areas. The experimental design used is randomized group design with two treatment factors: the interval distance range from tailings disposal point (A) and the vegetation type (B). Interval distance treatment consisted of two levels (A1: 0-10 m and A2: 10-20 m). Vegetation type treatment (B) consists of three levels (B1: Theobroma cacao, B2: Mangifera indica, B3: Artocarpus heterophyllus). Some types of AMF spores found are Acaulospora sp. 1, Acaulospora sp. 2, Acaulospora sp. 3, Acaulospora sp. 4, and Acaulospora sp. 5. The index of species richness and diversity of AMF species in the artisanal gold mining area is low. The existence of AMF symbiosis with plants in artisanal gold mining areas is also indicated by the presence of colonization in the roots of T. cacao, M. indica, and A. heterophyllus with a low to medium category. Pearson correlation test results showed that AMF species diversity index and P availability were not correlated (r = -0.204, p-value = 0.699). Pearson correlation test results also show that AMF colonization and P availability are not correlated (r = -0.756, p-value = 0.082). Although not correlated, based on the graph, it can be seen that the higher the available P element, the smaller the index value of species diversity and AMF colonization.

Agroforestry Land Use Land Cover Area Classification Using Decision Tree Algorithm

2024-12-13T13:29:24+07:00

Monitoring the location and extent of agroforestry land use land cover (LULC) in Lampung Province is critical for effective policy development and sustainable agroforestry management. However, existing monitoring efforts have been limited to small regions. This study addressed this gap by employing threshold values from five distinct vegetation indices (ARVI, EVI, GDVI, NDVI, and SAVI) derived from Landsat 9 OLI imagery to accurately identify and estimate agroforestry LULC across the Lampung Province. The data collection activities were carried out using a combination of Landsat 9 OLI satellite imagery acquisition, and ground truth validation on 7 classes of different land use (forest, agroforestry, dry land farming, ricefield, settlements, bare land, and water bodies) within 5,600 points of interest (POI) inside 5 regencies as an area of interest (AOI). This study aimed to predict agroforestry area based on vegetation indices (VIs) threshold using the decision tree (DT) algorithm. The research process involved a series of systematic steps, beginning with satellite image data acquisition and preprocessing, VIs values extraction, and DT sequential for agroforestry areas. The DT computation incorporated the value of each LULC type on the 5 VIs. The result showed that the overall accuracy reached 91.59% with a Kappa coefficient of 0.89, indicating a high level of accuracy for land cover identification. The DT algorithm calculation showed that the agroforestry in Lampung Province estimated spanned for 734,739.61 ha, determined only by NDVI and ARVI. The findings have significant implications for both policy development and agroforestry management. Accurate LULC classification enhances decision-making processes by providing reliable data on land use patterns, which can guide sustainable land management practices and support the creation of region-specific agroforestry policies. This research directly informs policymakers on the extent and distribution of agroforestry areas, offering a foundation for crafting strategies aimed at promoting sustainable land use while mitigating environmental degradation. The methodology also provides a scalable approach for other regions facing similar agroforestry and land management challenges.

Front-matter

2024-12-13T13:29:24+07:00

https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.30.3.fm

Back-matter

2024-12-13T13:29:23+07:00

https://doi.org/10.7226/jtfm.30.3.bm