Jurnal Manajemen dan Agribisnis

Spatial Analysis of Inclusive Growth in Central Java Province

Farid Adam Rahmadi, Ernan Rustiadi, Dedi Budiman Hakim — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 11:01:53 +0700

Background: Economic growth, while often viewed as a sign of development success, may not guarantee equitable income distribution, particularly in developing nations. The Inclusive Economic Development Index (IPEI) by the National Development Agency (Bappenas) gauges inclusivity in Indonesian development. In Central Java Province, regency/city-level IPEI varies, indicating uneven growth.
Purpose: This study has two objectives: (1) to analyze the spatial distribution patterns of inclusive growth in regencies/cities within Central Java Province; and (2) to assess the relevance of the regional development system by considering the spatial interrelations of inclusive growth.
Design/methodology/approach: The research utilizes secondary data. The same analytical methods are applied for both objectives with different data points Moran's Index Analysis, Moran’s Scatterplot, and Local Indicator of Spatial Autocorrelation (LISA).
Findings/Results: The research findings indicate that (1) the spatial distribution pattern of the IPEI in the regencies/cities of Central Java Province from 2012 to 2021 tends to form spatial clusters, with three regencies/cities showing significant and consistent local IPEI spatial influence namely Surakarta City (High-High quadrant) and Banjarnegara and Wonosobo (Low-Low quadrant), and (2) alternative Regional Development (WP) spatial analysis reveals a high IPEI spatial correlation within each WP, with Surakarta City and Salatiga City consistently appearing in the High-High quadrant, while Pekalongan City is significantly positioned in the Low-Low quadrant.
Conclusion: The spatial distribution pattern of the IPEI in Central Java Province tends to form spatial clusters with three regencies/cities showing significant and consistent local IPEI spatial influence namely Surakarta City, Banjarnegara, and Wonosobo. The spatial analysis of alternative WPs reveals a strong spatial correlation of IPEI values with Surakarta City and Salatiga City identified as significant local spatial influencers.
Originality/value (State of the art): This study enables the identification of regencies, cities, and/or WP with lagging IPEI values, thereby allowing policymakers to design targeted interventions. Based on the findings, Banjarnegara and Wonosobo are identified as such areas. The alternative WPs proposed in this study can serve as important considerations for regional development planning in Central Java Province.

Keywords: IPEI, inclusive growth, spatial analysis, Moran’s Analysis, Central Java Province

Strategy For Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Suppliers: A Case Study of Botani Fresh Mart

Ghina Kamilia, Dikky Indrawan, Nimmi Zulbainarni — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 11:07:09 +0700

Background: West Java's Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) growth rate for the agricultural sector, including the horticulture subsector, exhibited positive values in 2021 and 2022, while several other sectors demonstrated negative growth. However, this trend does not align with the observed conditions at Botani Fresh Mart, namely a decline in sales when the sector’s conditions improved.
Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors influencing fresh vegetable and fruit suppliers and propose recommendations for a suitable business strategy based on this analysis.
Design/methodology/approach: This research demonstrates that multiple methodologies can be employed to formulate appropriate strategies for agricultural enterprises, including PESTEL analysis, Porter's Five Forces Model, Structure-Conduct-Performance Concept, Value Chain Analysis, VRIO Framework, IFE and EFE Matrix, IE Matrix, and Analytical Hierarchy Process-SWOT (A'WOT).
Findings/result: Internal factors that have a strong influence as strengths are the label inclusion and the ability to plan shipping quotas as weaknesses. The most vital external opportunity factors are (1) government support in opening market access for farmers, (2) increasing vegetable consumption in Indonesia, (3) good horticultural practice regulations, and (4) the number of farmers as potential suppliers. The most vital external threat factor is the conversion of agricultural land. Formulating alternative strategies produced 13 strategies with the priority strategy of increasing the number of partner farmers to ensure product supply.
Conclusion: Based on external and internal factors, formulating alternative strategies resulted in 13 strategies. Although the primary priority strategy that can be implemented based on these factors is to increase the number of partner farmers meeting specific criteria, thereby enabling the company to meet market demand, the implementation of other strategies is necessary to enhance the company's performance and support future business growth.
Originality/value (State of the art): While the market for fresh produce is growing, Botani Fresh Mart is experiencing a decline in sales. This research aims to develop a customized business strategy for Botani Fresh Mart's unique situation. The proposed approach takes into account both general and industry-specific external factors, as well as internal aspects identified through value chain analysis and the VRIO framework. This comprehensive method ensures that the resulting strategy not only addresses current market and industry trends but also aligns with Botani Fresh Mart's particular strengths and weaknesses.

Keywords: A’WOT, business strategy, external environment, fresh produce, internal environment

Supply Chain Analysis of Nutmeg in North Maluku Province

Rusiana Rusiana, Siti Jahroh, Riskina Juwita — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 11:13:44 +0700

Background: North Maluku has been known worldwide as a nutmeg-producing area in Indonesia since the fifteenth century. The quality and potential aflatoxin issues that have become global issues certainly have an impact on the price of national nutmeg and North Maluku.
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to analyze the supply chain and marketing margins by looking at the efficiency of nutmeg marketing in North Maluku.
Design/methodology/approach: Using qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Determination of samples by purposive side and snowball sampling. Respondents numbered 110 people consisting of 100 farmers and 10 traders. Descriptive data processing, mathematical calculations of marketing margins, farmers' share, profit-to-cost ratios, and marketing efficiency.
Findings/Result: The results of the study indicate that the nutmeg supply chain network in North Maluku has five marketing channels, many actors involved, and unstable prices so farmers' income is low as shown by the marketing margins and efficiency of more than < 50% for marketing dry nutmeg and dry mace. Marketing of nutmeg in marketing channel III, marketing margin of Rp 0 with Eps 55.189%. In marketing channel V, the margin is Rp 0 with Eps 68.112%. The marketing margin of mace in marketing channel III is Rp 0 with Eps 78.243%. The marketing margin of mace in marketing channel V is Rp 0 with Eps 60.061%. Marketing channels of nutmeg I, II, III, and IV are inefficient, and marketing of mace I, II, and IV is inefficient because Eps > 50%.
Conclusion: Based on the analysis of profitable nutmeg marketing efficiency in channels III and V for marketing dry nutmeg seeds and channels III and V for marketing mace.
Originality/value (State of the art): This study explains that supply chain analysis has a positive impact on increasing farmer income with farmer decision-making to market their crops directly without going through collectors. Marketing efficiency can be achieved if there are few actors involved, low marketing costs, and high farmers' share.

Keywords: marketing margin, marketing efficiency, network chain supply, nutmeg, nutmeg marketing

The Effect of Production Inputs on Productivity and Production Risk of Cloves in East Java Province

Izumi Risma Ayuka, Anna Fariyanti, Etriya Etriya — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 11:18:11 +0700

Background: The demand for cloves, both domestically and internationally, continues to rise. However, clove productivity in East Java Province has shown fluctuations and a declining trend during the 2015 - 2022 period. This decline is influenced by various factors, including suboptimal farming input allocation, pest attacks, unpredictable weather conditions, and the cyclical nature of clove production.
Purpose: This paper examines the influence of production inputs on clove productivity and production risks in East Java Province.
Design/methodology/approach: This paper utilized secondary data from the 2014 Household Agricultural Survey, incorporating a sample of 937 clove farming households in East Java Province. The Just and Pope Model was utilized to evaluate the influence of production inputs on clove productivity and production risks.
Findings/Results: The analysis demonstrates that clove production risks in East Java are high, as indicated by a coefficient of variation (CV) greater than 0.5. Production inputs that increase clove productivity include family labor, external labor, organic fertilizers, pesticides, and plant population. However, the application of TSP fertilizers decreases clove productivity. Furthermore, the application of ZA fertilizers increases production risks, while family labor decreases production risks.
Conclusion: The findings emphasize the critical importance of managing production inputs to improve clove productivity and reduce associated risks. Key recommendations include implementing training programs to enhance farmers’ knowledge, providing subsidies to encourage efficient input use, and adopting effective pest control strategies. These interventions are essential for promoting the sustainability and resilience of clove farming in East Java. This study offers actionable insights for policymakers and stakeholders, supporting efforts to stabilize productivity and mitigate production risks.
Originality/value: This paper adds to the understanding of production inputs influencing clove farming, particularly the input-related risks and productivity in East Java Province, providing insights for better farm management practices.

Keywords: cloves, productivity, production risk, production input, East Java

Competitiveness and Profitability of Bali Cattle For Farmers in The Southeast Sulawesi Development Center, Indonesia

Gerhana Gerhana, Wiwiek Rindayati, Dominicus Savio Priyarsono — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 11:25:25 +0700

Background: Bali cattle have a significant role in supporting food security through providing meat and contributing to the economy by increasing farmers’ income.
Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the competitiveness and profitability of the Bali cattle business in supporting animal food security and economic growth in Southeast Sulawesi Province.
Design/methodology/approach: The study was conducted from June to October 2024 in South Konawe and Muna Regencies, Southeast Sulawesi as centers for Bali cattle development. Data were collected from 240 Bali cattle farmers through direct interviews, focus group discussions, and secondary sources from various agencies. The analysis used in this study was the Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM).
Findings/Result: The results of competitiveness in South Konawe Regency were a private cost ratio (PCR) of 0.77 and domestic resource cost (DRC) of 0.82 with a private profitability (PP) of IDR 2.4 million per head per year and social profitability (SP) of IDR 1.9 million per head per year. The competitiveness results in Muna Regency are a private cost ratio (PCR) of 0.52 and domestic resource cost (DRC) of 0.60 with private profitability (PP) of IDR 5.7 million per head per year and social profitability (SP) of IDR 4.8 million per head per year.
Conclusion: These results state that the Bali cattle business in both regencies is efficient and has competitiveness both competitively and comparatively. Therefore, developing Bali cattle and farmers' access to input-output prices is crucial in government policies to meet national demand.
Originality/value (State of the art): Our research focuses on the competitiveness and profitability of smallholder Bali cattle farming. The study targets farmers utilizing semi-intensive systems (breeding and fattening) or intensive systems (fattening only) in two primary Bali cattle development areas: Konawe Selatan District, representing the mainland, and Muna District, representing the island region in Southeast Sulawesi Province.

Keywords: Bali cattle, development centers, competitiveness, profitability, pam

The Analysis of Dairy Farming Efficiency in East Java: Evidence Post The Foot and Mouth Disease Outbreak

Wed, 26 Mar 2025 11:35:12 +0700

Background: Foot and Mouth Disease is a highly contagious disease in livestock that can cause great economic losses when there is an outbreak of the disease.
Purpose: This study examines the characteristics and dynamics of milk production on smallholder farms in East Java after the outbreak of foot and mouth disease
Design/methodology/approach: The regencies of Malang and Pasuruan are the research locations because they are the centers of milk production in East Java. To obtain a representative sample, farmer households were disaggregated by farm location, with a total of 93 farmer households surveyed 45 from Malang Regency and 48 from Pasuruan Regency. East Java Province was recorded to have 282.364 dairy cows in 2022, accounting for 56% of the national dairy cattle population, making it the key region in dairy cattle production. Through a comparative analysis of key factors, such as feed management, labor efficiency, and animal composition, the study revealed significant differences in milk production between the two regions.
Findings/Result: The study found that the number of lactating cows positively impacted milk production, with farmers in both Malang and Pasuruan effectively optimizing concentrate feed. However, labor management challenges in Pasuruan hindered full resource utilization, highlighting the need for improved labor practices. To sustain dairy farming in East Java, tailored strategies that address regional differences, optimize resources, enhance labor quality, and invest in disease prevention and farmer education are essential for increasing productivity and resilience.
Conclusion: Policy implications highlight the need for targeted training programs, improved measures to prevent the spread of foot and mouth disease (FMD), and better access to veterinary services to support farmers in adapting to FMD. Ultimately, strengthening resilience in the dairy farming sector is critical to ensuring the sustainability and productivity of dairy farming in East Java.
Originality/value (State of the art): This study provides novel insights by not only analyzing the dynamics of milk production in these regions post-FMD but also by examining the specific factors affecting recovery, such as feed management, labor efficiency, and animal composition. This study offers a comparative analysis between the two major dairy-producing areas in East Java.

Keywords: dairy farming, foot and mouth disease, milk production, lactating cow, resource management

Comparison of Plywood Export Competitiveness of Indonesia and China in The Asean+3 Market and Its Influencing Factors

Milania Rustiadini, Tanti Novianti — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 11:41:49 +0700

Background: Indonesia and China are the world's major exporters of plywood. ASEAN+3 is one of the plywood importing regions with a share of 20% so it is one of the plywood export destinations.
Purpose: This has led to competition between the two countries in the plywood trade, especially the ASEAN+3 region. This study aims to analyze the comparison of Indonesia and China's plywood export competitiveness in the ASEAN+3 market and the factors that influence it.
Design/methodology/approach: This study uses ten ASEAN+3 countries in the 2015-2022 period using the RCA, EPD, X-Model, and regression analysis methods.
Findings/Result: The results of the RCA value of Indonesia and China are strongly competitive in the majority of ASEAN+3 countries. EPD shows Indonesia's plywood rising star position in seven countries and China's plywood rising star in only four countries. The X-Model method shows Brunei, Japan, South Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam have the potential to be optimistic markets for the development of Indonesian plywood exports, while Chinese plywood exports have the same potential in Malaysia, Myanmar, and Vietnam.
Conclusion: It is concluded that Indonesia's plywood competitiveness is better than China's. Factors affecting Indonesia's plywood export volume are real GDP, population, export price, RCA value, and real exchange rate of the importing country.
Originality/value (State of the art): Therefore, this study recommends several strategies such as market strengthening through certification and improving the quality of Indonesian plywood.

Keywords: competitiveness, EPD, plywood, RCA, regression analysis

Eco-Friendly Opportunities and Strategies of The Black Soldier Fly Maggot Business in Pariaman, West Sumatera

M Ikhwan, Rachmat Pambudy, Etriya Etriya — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 11:46:34 +0700

Background: Food Loss and Food Waste (FLW) may have a significant impact on the global economy, environment, and food security. However, this problem also presents a business opportunity through the production and processing of Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggots that utilize organic waste.
Purpose: This paper aims to create a business model with Bank Sampah Sahabat Alam (BSSA) serving as the primary unit of analysis, formulate strategies, and prioritize strategies of the BSF maggot business in Pariaman, West Sumatera, to seize opportunities and use local resources.
Design/methodology/approach: The data were analyzed using Business Model Canvas (BMC), Internal-External (IE), and SWOT matrices to formulate strategies, and Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM) to prioritize strategies.
Findings/Result: The results demonstrate that the BSF maggot business is in a growth position, with intensive and integrative strategies recommended. The QSPM suggests prioritizing the political support of the Mayor of Pariaman for the development of this business, support from local governments plays a crucial role in determining business success by influencing policy formulation and resource allocation, which is critical to ensuring effective business planning and driving sustainable growth. Modified the BMC of the BSF maggot business in Pariaman with improvements in all BMC segments to support more effective strategy execution.
Conclusion: Strategy formulation through the SWOT Matrix resulted in 10 alternative strategies classified into intensive and integrative strategies from the IE matrix results. Strategy priorities for the BSF maggot business in Pariaman have been determined through QSPM analysis. The implementation of these strategies brings an update to the BMC, which provides a comprehensive guide for business development and optimization in a sustainable and eco-friendly manner.
Originality/value (State of the art): This paper makes a new contribution in the application of strategies generated from a combination of internal and external environmental analysis, including VRIO, Porter's Five Forces, PESTEL, as well as Internal-External (IE) and SWOT matrices, into Business Model Canvas (BMC) elements for the BSF maggot business. This holistic approach provides a more comprehensive strategic guide to deal with the sustainable business dynamics in this sector.

Keywords: BSF maggot business, business strategies, business model canvas, food waste, opportunities

Indonesia's Position and Participation in The Global Value Chain of The Agriculture Sector

Wed, 26 Mar 2025 11:52:46 +0700

Background: The agricultural sector in Indonesia, contributing 13.7% to GDP and employing 30% of the workforce, is critical to the nation's economy. Despite its importance, the country's participation in the agricultural global value chain (GVC) faces persistent challenges, particularly in advancing agro-processing and integrating into high-value production.
Purpose: This study analyzes Indonesia's GVC position and participation from 2007 to 2021, using the UIBE GVC Index and ADB ICIO data.
Design/Methodology/Approach: Descriptive statistics and linear regression methods are used to assess Indonesia's forward and backward GVC participation compared to that of 62 other countries worldwide.
Findings/Result: Findings reveal significant declines in Indonesia's backward participation, reflecting progress toward self-sufficiency, yet limited participation in complex forward and backward linkages underscores deficiencies in technological infrastructure and value-added exports. Moderate engagement in simple forward linkages highlights the need for targeted investments to boost competitiveness. Strategic interventions in infrastructure, advanced inputs, capacity-building, and global collaborations are essential for strengthening Indonesia's agricultural GVC role.
Conclusion: To enhance GVC participation, Indonesia must address technological, infrastructure, and policy gaps. Strategic investments in agro-processing, advanced inputs, supply chain modernization, and international partnerships are critical to boosting competitiveness and export performance.
Originality/Value (State of the Art): This study provides comprehensive insights for policymakers and stakeholders, emphasizing innovative strategies to enhance Indonesia’s global agricultural presence and achieve sustainable growth.

Keywords: Agriculture, GVC Position, GVC Participation, Global Value Chain (GVC), UIBE GVC Index.

Enhancing Farmers' Insurance Literacy: Key To Improving AUTP Accessibility in Aceh Province

Liston Siringo Ringo, Hermanto Siregar, Nunung Kusnadi, Harianto Harianto — Wed, 26 Mar 2025 11:57:27 +0700

Background: Insurance literacy is crucial in improving farmers' access to insurance. Lack of understanding of insurance products and inability to process information hinder farmers from making the right decisions, resulting in low insurance utilization.
Purpose: This research aims to (1) analyze farmers' insurance literacy levels and influencing factors and (2) analyze the effect of farmer insurance literacy and other variables on the accessibility of AUTP.
Design/methodology/approach: Data from 251 respondents, including those who accessed and did not access AUTP in Aceh Province. To elucidate the research objectives, an analysis of the level of insurance literacy was conducted using multiple regression analysis and an analysis of accessibility to AUTP using binary logistic regression.
Findings/Result: The results show that the level of farmer insurance literacy is in the less literate category. The variables of age, education duration, and bank account ownership significantly affect farmer insurance literacy. The variables that affect AUTP accessibility are age, education duration, farm revenue, land ownership, farmer insurance literacy value, farmer group activity, perception of farm risk, insurance claim experience, and AUTP premiums. These results can describe the condition of farmer insurance literacy and AUTP access in other regions of Indonesia with similar farmer characteristics.
Conclusion: Farmers' insurance literacy has a significant impact on AUTP access. Therefore, the government and stakeholders need to conduct regular socialization and training to increase farmers' knowledge and awareness of insurance so that more farmers can take advantage of the AUTP program.
Originality/value (State of the art): This study focuses on farmer insurance literacy. This study links farmer insurance literacy with AUTP access.

Keywords: accessibility, Aceh, AUTP, insurance literacy, farmers