Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis

Factors Influencing Ready-To-Eat Meal Consumer’s Intention To Use Food Delivery Apps During The Covid-19 Pandemic

Aisya Nadya Putri, Rita Nurmalina, Suprehatin — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Food delivery apps (FDA) are one of the most popular types of online marketing media, providing convenience for consumers to order ready-to-eat meals. The possibility of using and ordering food through FDA has also increased with the rise of Covid-19 cases as people practice social-distancing as a form of subjective norm. This study aims to analyze factors influencing consumers’ intention to use FDA during the pandemic. The primary data from online survey of 327 greater Jakarta residents who previously have or have not used FDA was analyzed using structural equation modelling. Factors significantly related to intention of the theory of reasoned action (TRA), technology acceptance model (TAM), trustworthiness, and perceived risk integration were subjective norm, perceived risk, and attitude, while other variables with significant direct effects were: (1) subjective norm and perceived risk towards attitude and (2) perceived ease of use towards attitude, perceived usefulness, and trustworthiness. Attitude were found moderating the relationship between subjective norms, perceived ease of use, and perceived risk with intention. TRA as a constituent theory was found to be the best at describing purchasing intention through FDA. Managerial implications for third-party FDA and partner restaurants were formulated from these findings.

Keywords: consumer intention, food delivery apps, technology acceptance model (TAM), theory of reasoned action (TRA), ready-to-eat meal marketing

Determinants of Customer Loyalty For Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Bio-Cng Products: A Case Study in West Nusa Tenggara

Prirafianti, Ujang Sumarwan, Mimin Aminah — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

One of the new renewable energy that can replace Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) is by maximizing the utilization of Biogas which modifies it to become Bio-Compressed Natural Gas or Bio-CNG on a commercial scale, especially for cooking. This study aims to answer two main objectives. The first is to find out the loyalty of LPG customers, the level of interest in Bio-CNG products to commercial sector business actors, and the second is to find out market testing that is influenced by price, product quality, and service quality on interest in buying Bio-CNG. The research was conducted from January to March 2022. The data collected in this study were primary data obtained from an Indonesian-language questionnaire survey which was distributed via the Google form link using the Ordinal scale. The sampling method (respondents) used was purposive sampling. Data is processed and analyzed using Logistic Regression Analysis. The research results obtained 100 respondents and showed that all variables had a significant influence on Horeka's interest in switching to using Bio-CNG. This research provides an overview and insight into the factors that influence the interest in buying Bio-CNG products among hospitality businesses. This research provides an overview and insight into the factors that influence the interest in buying Bio-CNG products among hospitality businesses. As consumers or in this research, hospitality business actors, they want to get good service from providers or sellers of Bio-CNG fuel products. As a provider of Bio-CNG fuel products, of course, you have to think about the quality of its service to hospitality businesses.

Keywords: Bio-CNG, customer loyalty, market tests

Factors Affecting Forest Product Exports

Ria Indah Saraswati, Harianto Harianto, Amzul Rifin — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Large-scale companies carry out forestry industry export activities. PT SLJ Global Tbk is one of the actors in this activity. The research’s objectives are to analyze the factors that affect the company's plywood exports and to identify the managerial policies of the company's plywood exports. This research uses secondary data in the form of monthly time series data form January 2014 to December 2020. The Error Correction Model (ECM) is used to analyze the factors that affect the company’s plywood export volume. The factors that have a positive and significant effect in the long-term model are the production volume and the previous period's production volume. The factors that have a positive and significant effect on the short-term model are production volume, export prices, international prices, and production volumes for the previous period. The managerial implications are increasing productivity, maintaining production stability, increasing plywood quality, and increasing export marketing. Suggestions for company are to maintain the stability of raw materials, innovate products, increase investment, require new markets, and analyze and evaluate marketing and its correlation with the company's production aspects.

Keywords: ECM, export, forestry, managerial, plywood

Strategy To Increase Participation of Palm Oil Enterprises in Registering Casual Laborers To Labor Social Security Program

Joy Pangeranto Manalu, Anggraini Sukmawati, Eko Ruddy Cahyadi — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Many new positions in palm oil plantations and mills are for casual laborers who are particularly vulnerable to poor earnings, lack of social security, and limited legal support. This study purpose is to identify the alternative strategy that can be taken by BPJS Ketenagakerjaan to increase the number of casual laborers in oil palm plantations who enroll in the labor social security program. Purposive sampling is utilized to collect primary data for this study. Respondents are interviewed and given paper-based questionnaires. The respondents are five experts involved in BPJS Ketenagakerjaan's planning and strategy decision-making processes, specifically the Investigating Supervisory Officer (Petugas Pengawas Pemeriksa), Head of Branch Office, Deputy Director of DKI Jakarta Region, Deputy Director for Corporate and Institutional Membership, and Deputy Director for Special Membership. The results of the questionnaire were processed using Expert Choice 11, based on Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as the analytical tool for this study. The results of this study suggest that BPJS Ketenagakerjaan can employ a law enforcement strategy to increase company compliance as an alternative strategy so that casual laborers are able to enroll in the labor social security program.

Keywords: AHP, BPJS Ketenagakerjaan, casual laborers, labor social security, oil palm plantation

The Effect of Marketing Mix and Reference Group on Chicken Nugget Preference Through Brand Image

R. Syaprudin, Megawati Simanjuntak, Heny Kuswanti Suwarsinah — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Due to the increasingly fast-paced lifestyles and busy lives of urban citizens, the demand for chicken nuggets has continued to rise. This study aims to analyze the effect of the marketing mix (product, place, price, promotion) and the reference group on consumer preference for chicken nuggets through the brand image formed in the market. The respondents consisted of 251 individuals who were selected through voluntary sampling. These respondents were people who had consumed Fiesta and So Good brand chicken nuggets in the last three months. Data were collected through an online questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and Structural Equation Modeling. The results for Fiesta show that place has a significant effect on brand image. Meanwhile, product, reference group, and brand image have a significant effect on brand preference. The results for Fiesta also indicate that brand image is an intervening variable. Therefore, this study concludes that place significantly affects brand preference through brand image. For So Good, the results show that place and promotion significantly affect brand image, but product, price, and reference group have no significant effect on brand image. Furthermore, product, reference group, and brand image significantly affect brand preference. The indirect effects of So Good's brand with brand image as an intervening variable indicate that place significantly affects brand preference through brand image.

Keywords: brand image, chicken nugget, marketing mix, preference, the reference group

Sugarcane Production Efficiency: A Case Study on PTPN X Partner Farmers

Afifatur Rosidah, Irham, Masyhuri, Hani Perwitasari — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The low production and productivity of sugarcane is a problem for the sugar industry in Indonesia, while the demand for sugar increases yearly. One of the efforts to increase sugarcane productivity is improving the efficiency of sugarcane farming. Appropriate farming efficiency and identification of inefficient resources can increase farming productivity. PTPN X, as a company engaged in the sugarcane plantation and sugar industry, obtains most raw materials from partner farmers. This study aimed 1) to determine the technical, allocative, and economic efficiency of sugarcane farming and 2) to analyze the managerial characteristics of farmers that affect the technical inefficiency of sugarcane farming. This study uses the stochastic frontier Cobb-Douglas production function approach and the dual frontier cost function. The results show that the average level of sugarcane farming's technical, allocative, and economic efficiency are 0.762; 1.315; and 0.976, respectively. The average level shows that sugarcane farming has been technical, allocative, and economically efficient. Farmers' managerial characteristic that affects technical inefficiency is the farmer's education level. The study suggests reducing the effect of inefficiency by taking higher education. Farmers with a low technical efficiency value can adopt the use of inputs by farmers with a higher value.

Keywords: technical efficiency, allocative, economic, sugarcane

A Study of Sustainable Waste Management Using Theory of Planned Behaviour in Traditional Agricultural Markets

Tri Widayati, Nurchayati, R Clario Dimassetya Jaya — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The waste management of agricultural commodities in traditional markets need serious attention as they remain because agricultural commodities usually pollute the streets and public spaces. This had a detrimental impact on both public health and traditional market image. By using the perspective of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the study was conducted to empirically examine the effects of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control (PBC) on the intention and behavior of separating waste in traditional markets. The research was conducted in a quantitative design. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. A total of 210 agricultural commodity traders in traditional markets in Semarang was taken as sample in this study. The data was analyzed by using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with SmartPLS software. The results showed that attitudes, subjective norms, and PBC had significant effects on increasing intention in separating waste, which in turn would imply increasing the behavior in separating waste. The findings also report the mediating role of intention in strengthening the TPB constructs on behavior. This study emphasized the importance of establishing sustainable waste management and the connection between the behavior of waste management and to the adoption of a circular economy to make a more strategic impact to society and economy.

Keywords: theory of planned behavior, agribusiness, waste management, traditional markets

The Input Allocation and Potato Production on Small-Scale Farming in Pegunungan Arfak Regency

Trees Augustine Pattiasina, Rita Nurmalina, Harianto, Anna Fariyanti — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Small-scale potato farming in the Arfak Mountains needs attention in allocating inputs for efficient farming. This study aims to describe the allocation of the use of potato farming inputs, analyze the factors that affect potato production, and analyze the level of technical efficiency of potato farming in the Arfak Mountains. Arfak Mountains Regency was chosen purposively as the research location. Data collection starts from December 2021 to February 2022. Sampling was done by snowball sampling with a sample of 140 respondents. The data used in this study is cross-section data which was analyzed using the Stochastic Frontier Cobb Douglas production function approach. The results showed that the average farmer in the Arfak Mountains controlled 0.07 hectares of land for potato farming, with a seed requirement of 22 kg per hectare. The factors that affect potato production are land, seeds, and female labor. The level of technical efficiency of potato farming is 73 percent. Improvements in farming management and extension assistance for good agricultural practices and the use of technology according to farmers' local wisdom need to be carried out to increase potato production and productivity.

Keywords: local knowledge, low input, potato, small-scale farming, technical efficiency

Factors Affecting Export of Indonesian Cocoa Beans To Malaysia

Syaifulloh Albachroini Cahyo Putro, Yusalina, Ratna Winandi — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Indonesia is an agricultural country with many superior export products, including cocoa beans. Indonesia was once the third-largest cocoa producer in the world. However, there has been a significant decline in the export quantities of cocoa beans in recent years. This research aims to analyze the factors affecting the export quantities of Indonesian cocoa beans to Malaysia using the Error Correction Model (ECM) method. The cocoa bean commodities recorded in this research are whole or broken, raw or roasted with HS code 1801. The estimation results show that the factors that significantly affect the export quantities of Indonesian cocoa beans to Malaysia in the long term include Indonesia cocoa beans production, the export price of palm oil, and the dummy export duty policy. On the other hand, factors that significantly affect the export quantities of Indonesian cocoa beans to Malaysia in the short term include Indonesia cocoa beans production and the dummy export duty policy. Policy recommendations that can be developed include increasing cocoa production and productivity by simultaneously carrying out intensification and extensification programs, reducing exports of cocoa in the form of beans, and rising exports of cocoa in processed form.

Keywords: cocoa beans, ECM, export quantities, long-term, short-term

Cost Benefit Analysis of Key Actors in The Cocoa Beans Marketing

Muhammad Asir, Annisa Ishmat Asir — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Efficient marketing can increase the profits of all the stakeholders involved. Profit increased at the farmer level will encourage the ability and motivation to manage the farm. This study aims to identify the benefits obtained by farmers, collectors, wholesalers, and purchasing units of exporters in the marketing of cocoa beans. This research was conducted through the survey using by Hayami Method. The results showed that: Profit received by farmers amount Rp314/kg was lower than those received by collectors amount Rp1,022/kg, wholesalers at Rp736/kg, and unit purchases at Rp2,826/kg. This was due to the cost of labor incurred by farmers, and the amount of Rp2,100/kg was higher than by collector's amount of Rp230/kg, the wholesaler's Rp12.5/kg, and the purchase unit Rp8.25/kg. Another factor was the price of production input costly (such as fertilizer dan pesticides), which was not followed by the increase in output price (cocoa beans) determined by marketers. The low productivity and quality of cocoa beans produced by farmers also affected low profit. The government must be able to control the purchase price of marketing actors, improve the knowledge and skills of farmers in the management of cocoa farms by establishing business groups/cooperatives, increase the role of farmer groups, and also to improve the internet infrastructure that supports the digital marketing of cocoa commodities.

Keywords: main stakeholders, cocoa beans, profit, marketing, Hayami method

Determinant of Farmers' Readiness Level and Their Strategies in Independent Palm Oil Plantations in Kapuas Hulu Regency

Irfan Risyadi, Eva dolorosa, Dewi Kurniati — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

The development of oil palm plantations in Indonesia is increasing because oil palm is one of the most important plantations in the economy of Indonesia. Sustainable management of oil palm is vital because it could reduce threats to natural resources, deforestation, expansion of land in ways that are not environmentally friendly such as by burning, and damage to peat ecosystems. The study aimed to determine farmers' readiness level in implementing ISPO certification for independent oil palm plantations in Kapuas Hulu Regency and to determine the right strategic priorities for managing independent oil palm plantations based on sustainable palm oil (ISPO) in Kapuas Hulu Regency. The data were analyzed descriptively with Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). The data was collected from 100 respondents taken by purposive sampling. The results show that overall the application level of compliance with laws and regulations is 24.8%, implementing good plantation practices is 31.33%, environmental management of natural resources and biodiversity is 42.5%, implementing transparency of 28.5%, and sustainably increasing business by 40%. Overall the average level of ISPO implementation achievement among the independent oil palm smallholders in Kapuas Hulu District is low, with a percentage of 30.8%. The optimal top priority for the strategy of independent oil palm plantations is mediation between conflicting parties, independent oil palm farmer groups, transparency regarding environmental impacts, extension agents in the plantation division and quality improvement of production.

Keywords: farmers' readiness level, palm oil, ISPO, independent smallholders, AHP

The Influence of Social Norms on The Behaviour of Farmer Business Credit

Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

This study is important because an individual does certain behaviors if important people in his life can accept his behavior and he can accept what he will do, including taking Farmer Business Credit (KUT), so that he does not make mistakes by controlling his behavior later. This study aimed to investigate the effect of social norms on farmers' Farmer Business Credit (KUT) behavior in Kendal Regency, Patean Subdistrict, Central Java as a mediating variable. The research population included all farmers who took KUT in the Patean subdistrict, Kendal Regency, Central Java, totaling 128 people, and all of them were used as samples. Hence, the sample selection method was the census method. The AMOS-25 program analyzed data. The results show that social norms positively and significantly impact the behavior of KUT indebtedness to farmers in the Patean subdistrict, Kendal Regency, Central Java. Interest in debt can mediate the impact of social norms on the behavior of KUT indebted to farmers in the Patean subdistrict, Kendal Regency, Central Java. The managerial implication of the research is that it will provide an understanding of the importance of knowing the factors that influence farmers on the behavior of taking and managing businesses well in supporting the development of their farming business.

Keywords: social norms, farming business, farmer business credit, behaviors, AMOS

The Effect of Goverment Policy and Market Failure on Divergence of Cassava Competitiveness in South Lampung

Dwika Mutiara Abriani, Dyah Aring Hepiana Lestari, Dwi Haryono — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Indonesia is one of the world's leading cassava producers, and Lampung Province is the main producer. Efforts to increase cassava production must be accompanied by good farming activities that link to a complete agribusiness system. This study aims to analyze the divergence effect of cassava competitiveness as an effect of government policies and market failure in South Lampung. This study was conducted using a survey method. The number of respondents was 64 cassava farmers, 8 cassava collectors, and 1 tapioca industry. Data collection was carried out in August-September 2022. This study uses PAM (Policy Analysis Matrix) to analyze the competitiveness and the divergence effect and market structure analysis to analyze the market failure. The result showed that there is a market failure of cassava because the market structure is not perfectly competitive (oligopsony). Therefore, the divergence effect of cassava did not reach the target because it caused the transfer of inputs prices from traders to farmers due to the fertilizer subsidy and the transfer of income from consumers to farmers due to the determination of cassava minimum price (Rp900/kg). However, cassava farming has a competitiveness with the value of comparative advantage (DRCR = 0.3091) which is smaller than the value of competitive advantage (PCR = 0.5865). The changes from comparative to competitive advantage require government policies to control market failure and to reduce the high transaction cost economy.

Keywords: divergence effect, market failure, cassava, oligopsony, agribusiness system

Decision Making of Oil Palm Farmers in Choosing Rejuvenation Partners in Siak District

Desi Rahayu, Jamhari, Lestari Rahayu Waluyati — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Smallholder oil palm plantations in Riau have reached their economic age (25 years), resulting in decreased plantation productivity. One alternative to overcome this problem is oil palm rejuvenation (OPR). In implementing oil palm rejuvenation, there are two prominent partner institutions, the Village Unit Cooperative (VUC) and the Nucleus Estate-Smallholding (NES). As the main actors, farmers are in the position to choose partner institutions for oil palm rejuvenation. The purpose of this study was to find out the differences between the oil palm rejuvenation technology packages carried out by VUC and NES, and to identify the factors that influence farmers' decisions in choosing an oil palm rejuvenation partner institution. This research was conducted in the Kerinci Kanan District, Siak Regency. The data analysis used was descriptive and binary logistic regression. The technology packages carried out by VUC and NES partners have several differences, including types of seeds, number of plants per hectare, spacing, production potential, BPDPKS support, amount of interest paid, OPR budget plan, and sources of funds. The factors that influence farmers' decision-making in choosing OPR institutional partners are farmers' perceptions of income, the presence of extension services, and rights and obligations. Counseling plays an important role in establishing partnerships, by transferring technology to farmers so that the technology package implemented can increase the productivity and quality of oil palm.

Keywords: decision, NES partners, VUC partners, rejuvenation

Harmonization of Rice Production Policy and Rice Trade Policy in Indonesia

Muhammad Ivan Vadilaksono, Yusman Syaukat, Widyastutik — Fri, 31 Mar 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Indonesia is the world's fourth most populous country, trailing only China, India, and the United States, with a population of 276,361,788 people. Efforts to fulfill the demand for rice as a staple food are concerning. The policies established by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Trade do not match. The Ministry of Agriculture carries out a pro-rice production policy. The Ministry of Trade carries out a pro-rice import policy. This study included both descriptive and quantitative analysis. The type of data used in this research is annual time series secondary data with a research period from 1980 to 2020. The model used in this study was developed using the Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS) approach. The results showed that the Ministry of Agriculture's goal was to boost output, but this might lead to overstock and consequently reduce rice prices, according to the Ministry of Trade. The Ministry of Trade's rice import policy has always been withheld by the Ministry of Agriculture because, according to the Ministry of Agriculture, imports will lower the rice price, reducing farmers' income. This shows that production and trade policies are not well-suited. Production policies, with an average annual increase of 2%, outperform trade policies, with an average annual increase of 141%.

Keywords: rice, food, production policy, trade policy, harmony