Analisis Kesejahteraan Petani: Pola Penguasaan Lahan Di Kabupaten Lamongan
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Accepted
3 February 2020
Published
1 December 2018
Abstract
Pattern of landholding affects effectiveness of the agricultural sector. This study aims to identify the determinants of landholding. The objectives are to identify the determinants of wet land and dry land held by farm household in Lamongan Regency and to calculate Gini coefficient of agricultural land in Lamongan Regency. Data was obtained from Agricultural Census 2013. Specifically, this study utilizes household cross sectional data with 189 343 observations. This research utilizes multiple regression analysis. The results show that age, gender of head of household, household size, main source of income, and dummy for asset are significantly influencing wet landholding, while factors insignificantly affecting dry landholding is gender of head of household and age. Regarding wet land as asset accumulation for farm household, the results show that farmers experience a decreasing marginal accumulation on wet landholding. The Gini coefficient of agricultural land in Lamongan Regency is 0.49 and it shows that Lamongan Regency experiences moderate inequality in term of land holding.
References
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Matteo DL. 1997. The Determinants of Wealth and Asset Holding in Nineteenth-Century Canada: Evidence from Microdata. The Journal of Economic History [Internet].[diunduh 2015 Jul 07]; 57(4): 907-934. Tersedia di: http://links.jstor.org.sici?sici-0022-0507%28199712%2957%3A4%3C907%3ATDOWAA%3E2,0.CO%3B2-7
Maxwell D, Wiebe K. 1998. Land Tenure and Food Security: A Review of Concepts, Evidence, and Methods. Land Tenure Center University of Wisconsin-Madison.Research Paper No. 129.
Mendola M, Simtowe F. 2014. The Welfare Impact of Land Distribution: Evidence from a Quasi-Experimental Initiative in Malawi. Centro Studi Luca D’Agliano. Development Studies Working Paper.
Milligan, K. 2004. Life-Cycle Asset Accumulation and Allocation in Canada. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) [Internet]. [diunduh 2015 Jul 07]; Working Paper 10860. Tersedia di: http://www.nber.org/papers/w10860.
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Mubyarto. 1973. Pengantar Ekonomi Pertanian. Jakarta (ID): Lembaga Penelitian, Pendidikan, dan Penerapan Ekonomi dan Sosial (LP3ES).
Nuryartono N. 2005. Impact of Smallholder’s Access to Land amd Credit Markets on Technology Adoption and Land Use Decisions: The Case of Tropical Forest Margins in Central Sulawesi-Indonesia [disertasi]. Goettingen (DE): Georg August University of Goettingen
Pomp, M. 1995. Determinants of Smallholder Landownership: Evidence from South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The Journal of Development Studies. 31(6): 845-867.
Rahman MH, Manprasert S. 2006. Landlessness and Its Impact on Economic Development: A Case Study on Bangladesh. Journal of Social Sciences [Internet]. [diunduh 2015 May 22]; 2(2): 54-60. Tersedia di: http://www.ssrn.com/abstract=1670864.
Siahaan H. 1977. Pemilikan dan Penguasaan TanahL Adopsi Teknologi Pertanian Modern dan Disparitas Pendapatan di Daerah Pedesaan. Yogyakarta (ID): Lembaga Studi Kawasan dan Pedesaan Universitas Gadjah Mada
Sitorus F, Dharmawan AH, Fadjar U, Sihaloho M. 2008. Perubahan Struktur Agraria dan Diferensiasi Kesejahteraan Petani.
Supriyati. 2011. Dinamika Ekonomi Ketenagakerjaan Pertanian: Permasalahan dan Kebijakan Strategis Pengembangan. Pusat Analis Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian.
Supriyati, Saptana, Supriyatna Y. 2011. Hubungan Penguasaan Lahan dan Pendapatan Rumah Tangga di Pedesaan. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Departemen Pertanian.
Suseno D, Suyatna H. 2007. Mewujudkan Kebijakan Pertanian yang Pro-Petani. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik.10(3): 267-294.
Susilowati HS, Hutabarat B, Rachmat M, Sugiarto, Supriyati, Zakaria AK, Supriyadi H, Purwoto A, Supadi, Winarso B et al. 2010. Indikator Pembangunan Pertanian dan Pedesaan: Karakteristik Sosial Ekonomi Petani Padi. Pusat Analisis Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian.
Tang J, Wang X. 2009. Analysis of The Land Use Structure Changes based on Lorenz Curve. Environmental Monitoring and Assesment [Internet]. [diunduh 2015 August 04]; 151(1-4):175-180. Tersedia di: http://www.link.springer.com.
Timmer CP. 1975. The Political Economy of Rice in Asia: Indonesia. Food Research Institute Studies. 14(3): 197-231.
Todaro MP, Smith SC. 2006. Economic Development: The Addison-Wesley series in Economics. New-Jersey (USA): Pearson AddisonWesley.
Todaro MP, Smith SC. 2011. Economic Development 11th Edition. Singapore (SG): Prentice-Hall.
Tomich T, Kilby P, Jonhston BF. 1995.
Ukoha HA, Korie OC, Ibekwe UC, Chidiebere-Mark NM, RD Ejike, Okparadim GI. 2014. Determinants of Access to Landholding in Female-Headed Cassava Farm households in Abia State, Southeast Nigeria. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare. 4(4).
Vollrath, D. 2006. Geography and the Determinants of Land Distribution: Evidence from the United States. SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.938010.
Vollrath D. 2007. Land Distribution and International Agricultural Productivity. American Journal of Agricultural Economic. 89(1): 2012-216
White B, Wiradi G. 1989. Agrarian and Non-agrarian Bases of Inequality in Nine Javanese Villages. In: Hart G, Turton A, White B, editors. Agrarian Trasnformation: Local Processes and the States in Southeast Asia. Berkeley (USA): University of California Press. Page 266-302.
Weber J, Key N. 2014. Leveraging Wealth from Farmland Apperciation: Borrowing, Land Ownership, and Farm Expansion. Munich Personal RePEc Archive (MPRA) [Internet]. [diunduh 2015 Jul 07]; MPRA Paper No. 58899. Tersedia di: http://www.mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/58899/.
Wiradi G, Makali. 1984. Penguasaan Tanah dan Kelembagaan. In: Kasryno F, editor. Prospek Pembangunan Ekonomi Pedesaan Indonesia. Jakarta (ID): Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Yunilisiah. 1996. Pola Penguasaan Tanah dan Kualitas Hidup Rumah Tangga Petani di Desa Transmigrasi [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): IPB.
Zander D, Durr J. Dynamics in Land Tenure, Local Power and The Peasant Economy: The Case of Peten, Guatemala. International Conference on Global Land Grabbing [Internet]. 2011 April 6-8. Land Deal Politics Initiative; [diunduh 2015 Jul 5].
Zheng X, Xia T, Yang X, Yuan T, Hu Y. 2013. The Land Gini Coefficient and Its Application for Land Use Structure Analysis in China. PLOS ONE. 8(10).
Alesina A, Rodrik D.1994. Distributive Politics and Economic Growth. Qarterly Journal of Economics. 109 (2): 465-490.
Anggraeni, L. 2009. Credit Access and the Increase of Farmer’s Asset in Mountainous Areas: The Case of Kemang Village in West Java [disertasi]. Tokyo (JP): The University of Tokyo
Bachriadi D, Winardi G. 2011. Enam Dekade Ketimpangan: Masalah Penguasaan Tanah di Indonesia. Bandung (ID): Agrarian Resource Center (ARC), Bina Desa, Konsorsium Pembaruan Agraria (KPA)
Bazhenova OV, Krytsun KI. 2013. The Modigliani-Addo-Brumberg Life-cycle Model: Applying to Ukraine’s Economy. EKONOMIKA. 92(4).
Ben-Chendo GN, Korie OC, Essien UA, Uhuegbulem IJ. 2014. Determinants of Land Holding Size among Rice Farmers in Southeast Nigeria. Asian Review of Environmental and Earth Sciences: Asian Online Journal. 1(3): 55-60.
Benu NM, Maryunani, Sugianto, Kindangen P. 2013. Analysis of Land Conversion and Its Impacts and Strategies in Managing Them in City of Tomohon, Indonesia. Asian Transactions on Basic and Applied Sciences. 3(-): 65-726
Bodie Z, Treussard J, Willen P. 2007. The Theory of Life-cycle Saving and Investing. Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. Public Policy Discussion Paper 07-3.
Booth A. 2002. The Changing Role of Non-Farm Activities in the Soeharto Era: An Assesment. Bulletin of Indonesia Economic Studies. 36(1): 73-104
Borella M, Rossi M. 2014. Asset Accumulation and Decumulation Over The Lifecycle: The Role of Financial Literacy. Network for Studies on Pensions, Aging, and Retirement (NETSPAR). 39.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2013. Potensi Pertanian Indonesia: Analisis Hasil Pencacahan Lengkap Sensus Pertanian 2013. Katalog BPS. Jakarta (ID): Badan Pusat Statistik.
Chaudhry IS, Malik S, Hassan A. 2009. The Impact of Socioeconomic and Demographic Variables on Poverty: A Village Study. The Lahore Journal of Economics. 14(1): 39-68.
Darwis, V. 2008. Keragaan Penguasaan Lahan Sebagai Faktor Utama Penentu Pendapatan Petani. Seminar Nasional Dinamika Pembangunan Pertanian dan Pedesaan: Tantangan dan Peluang Bagi Peningkatan Kesejahteraan Petani [Internet]. 2008 November 19; Bogor, Indonesia. Bogor (ID): Pusat Analisis Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian; [diunduh 2015 May 16].
Deininger K, Jin S, Nagarajan KH. 2003. Land Reforms, Poverty Reduction, and Economic Growth: Evidence from India. The World Bank Development Research Group [Internet]. [diunduh 2015 Jun 14]; Policy Research Working Paper 4448. Tersedia di: http://www.econ.worldbank.org.
Deininger K, Feder G, Gordillo de Anda G, Munro-Faure P. 2003. Land Policy to Facilitate Growth and Poverty Reduction. Inside: Cox M, Munro-Faure P, Dey-Abbas J, Rouse J, Bass S, editor. Land Reform: Land Settlement and Cooperatives/Special Edition. Rome (IT): Food and Agricultural Association (FAO). Page 5-18
[EPAT] The Environmental and Natural Resources Policy and Training Project. 1995. The Structure of Land Holding, Land Management, and Degradation. [Internet]. [diunduh 2015 Jun 28].
Gujarati DN. 2004. Basic Econometrics 4th Edition. New York City (USA): McGraw Hill
Hidalgo FD, Naidu S, Nichter S, Richardson N. 2008. Occupational Choices: Economic Determinants of Land Invasions. University of California.
Isaksson AS. 2011. Unequal Property Rights: A Study of Land Right Inequalities in Rwanda. University of Gothenburg. Working Paper in Economics No 507
Jamal H, Khan AJ. 2005. Impact of Ownership and Concentration of Land on Schooling. The Lahore Journal of Economics. 10(2): 1-14
Juanda B. 2009. Ekonometrika: Pemodelan dan Pendugaan. Bogor (ID): IPB Press.
Kano H. 1990. Pagelaran: Anatomi Sosial Ekonomi Pelapisan Masyarakat Tani di Sebuah Desa di Jawa Timur. Yogyakarta (ID): Gadjah Mada University Press.
Kasryno, F. 2000. Menempatkan Pertanian sebagai Basis Ekonomi Indonesia: Memantapkan Ketahanan Pangan dan Mengurangi Kemiskinan. Prosiding Widyakarya Pangan dan Gizi. Jakarta (ID): LIPI.
Khattak NR, Hussain A. 2008. An Assesment of The Inequality in Income and Land Holdings among Rural Rice Farmers of District Swat. Munich Personal RePEc Archive (MPRA) [Internet]. [diunduh 2015 Jul 05]; MPRA Paper No. 42033. Tersedia di: http://www.mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/42033/.
Kimhi A. 2007. Does Land Reform in Transition Countries Increase Child Labor? Evidence from The Republic of Georgia. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Discussion Paper No. 4.07
[Lemhanas] Lembaga Ketahanan Nasional. 2012. Revitalisasi Kebijakan Agraria Guna Meningkatkan Kesejahteraan Rakyat dalam Rangka Ketahanan Nasional. Jurnal Kajian Lemhanas RI. Edisi 14.
Matteo DL. 1997. The Determinants of Wealth and Asset Holding in Nineteenth-Century Canada: Evidence from Microdata. The Journal of Economic History [Internet].[diunduh 2015 Jul 07]; 57(4): 907-934. Tersedia di: http://links.jstor.org.sici?sici-0022-0507%28199712%2957%3A4%3C907%3ATDOWAA%3E2,0.CO%3B2-7
Maxwell D, Wiebe K. 1998. Land Tenure and Food Security: A Review of Concepts, Evidence, and Methods. Land Tenure Center University of Wisconsin-Madison.Research Paper No. 129.
Mendola M, Simtowe F. 2014. The Welfare Impact of Land Distribution: Evidence from a Quasi-Experimental Initiative in Malawi. Centro Studi Luca D’Agliano. Development Studies Working Paper.
Milligan, K. 2004. Life-Cycle Asset Accumulation and Allocation in Canada. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) [Internet]. [diunduh 2015 Jul 07]; Working Paper 10860. Tersedia di: http://www.nber.org/papers/w10860.
Minardi S. 2009. Optimalisasi Pengelolaan Lahan Kering untuk Pengembangan Pertanian Tanaman Pangan. Surakarta (ID): UPT Perpustakaan UNS. Modigliani, F. 1986. The Life Cycle Hypothesis of Saving, the Demand for Wealth and the Supply of Capital. Social Research. 33(2).
Mubyarto. 1973. Pengantar Ekonomi Pertanian. Jakarta (ID): Lembaga Penelitian, Pendidikan, dan Penerapan Ekonomi dan Sosial (LP3ES).
Nuryartono N. 2005. Impact of Smallholder’s Access to Land amd Credit Markets on Technology Adoption and Land Use Decisions: The Case of Tropical Forest Margins in Central Sulawesi-Indonesia [disertasi]. Goettingen (DE): Georg August University of Goettingen
Pomp, M. 1995. Determinants of Smallholder Landownership: Evidence from South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The Journal of Development Studies. 31(6): 845-867.
Rahman MH, Manprasert S. 2006. Landlessness and Its Impact on Economic Development: A Case Study on Bangladesh. Journal of Social Sciences [Internet]. [diunduh 2015 May 22]; 2(2): 54-60. Tersedia di: http://www.ssrn.com/abstract=1670864.
Siahaan H. 1977. Pemilikan dan Penguasaan TanahL Adopsi Teknologi Pertanian Modern dan Disparitas Pendapatan di Daerah Pedesaan. Yogyakarta (ID): Lembaga Studi Kawasan dan Pedesaan Universitas Gadjah Mada
Sitorus F, Dharmawan AH, Fadjar U, Sihaloho M. 2008. Perubahan Struktur Agraria dan Diferensiasi Kesejahteraan Petani.
Supriyati. 2011. Dinamika Ekonomi Ketenagakerjaan Pertanian: Permasalahan dan Kebijakan Strategis Pengembangan. Pusat Analis Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian.
Supriyati, Saptana, Supriyatna Y. 2011. Hubungan Penguasaan Lahan dan Pendapatan Rumah Tangga di Pedesaan. Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian Departemen Pertanian.
Suseno D, Suyatna H. 2007. Mewujudkan Kebijakan Pertanian yang Pro-Petani. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik.10(3): 267-294.
Susilowati HS, Hutabarat B, Rachmat M, Sugiarto, Supriyati, Zakaria AK, Supriyadi H, Purwoto A, Supadi, Winarso B et al. 2010. Indikator Pembangunan Pertanian dan Pedesaan: Karakteristik Sosial Ekonomi Petani Padi. Pusat Analisis Sosial Ekonomi dan Kebijakan Pertanian Departemen Pertanian.
Tang J, Wang X. 2009. Analysis of The Land Use Structure Changes based on Lorenz Curve. Environmental Monitoring and Assesment [Internet]. [diunduh 2015 August 04]; 151(1-4):175-180. Tersedia di: http://www.link.springer.com.
Timmer CP. 1975. The Political Economy of Rice in Asia: Indonesia. Food Research Institute Studies. 14(3): 197-231.
Todaro MP, Smith SC. 2006. Economic Development: The Addison-Wesley series in Economics. New-Jersey (USA): Pearson AddisonWesley.
Todaro MP, Smith SC. 2011. Economic Development 11th Edition. Singapore (SG): Prentice-Hall.
Tomich T, Kilby P, Jonhston BF. 1995.
Ukoha HA, Korie OC, Ibekwe UC, Chidiebere-Mark NM, RD Ejike, Okparadim GI. 2014. Determinants of Access to Landholding in Female-Headed Cassava Farm households in Abia State, Southeast Nigeria. Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare. 4(4).
Vollrath, D. 2006. Geography and the Determinants of Land Distribution: Evidence from the United States. SSRN Electronic Journal. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.938010.
Vollrath D. 2007. Land Distribution and International Agricultural Productivity. American Journal of Agricultural Economic. 89(1): 2012-216
White B, Wiradi G. 1989. Agrarian and Non-agrarian Bases of Inequality in Nine Javanese Villages. In: Hart G, Turton A, White B, editors. Agrarian Trasnformation: Local Processes and the States in Southeast Asia. Berkeley (USA): University of California Press. Page 266-302.
Weber J, Key N. 2014. Leveraging Wealth from Farmland Apperciation: Borrowing, Land Ownership, and Farm Expansion. Munich Personal RePEc Archive (MPRA) [Internet]. [diunduh 2015 Jul 07]; MPRA Paper No. 58899. Tersedia di: http://www.mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/58899/.
Wiradi G, Makali. 1984. Penguasaan Tanah dan Kelembagaan. In: Kasryno F, editor. Prospek Pembangunan Ekonomi Pedesaan Indonesia. Jakarta (ID): Yayasan Obor Indonesia.
Yunilisiah. 1996. Pola Penguasaan Tanah dan Kualitas Hidup Rumah Tangga Petani di Desa Transmigrasi [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): IPB.
Zander D, Durr J. Dynamics in Land Tenure, Local Power and The Peasant Economy: The Case of Peten, Guatemala. International Conference on Global Land Grabbing [Internet]. 2011 April 6-8. Land Deal Politics Initiative; [diunduh 2015 Jul 5].
Zheng X, Xia T, Yang X, Yuan T, Hu Y. 2013. The Land Gini Coefficient and Its Application for Land Use Structure Analysis in China. PLOS ONE. 8(10).
Authors
AinurrahmaA., Nunung R Nuryartono, & Syamsul H Pasaribu. (2018). Analisis Kesejahteraan Petani: Pola Penguasaan Lahan Di Kabupaten Lamongan. JURNAL EKONOMI DAN KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN, 7(2), 102-117. https://doi.org/10.29244/jekp.7.2.2018.102-117
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