PERAN INDONESIA DALAM RANTAI NILAI GLOBAL PRODUK ELEKTRONIK
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Accepted
4 February 2018
Published
1 July 2015
Abstract
Globalization has transformed the structure of industry into global integration of socalled global value chains (GVCs). Some literatures suggest that electronic industry is known as a successful industry in establishing global value chain. Electronic industry is one of leading cluster in driving economic growth in Indonesia. This study aimed to analyze the role of Indonesia in electronic global value chain according to its share towards global electronic industry, linkages, and value added distribution. An input output analysis by using the Asian International Input Output Table 2005 was employed to analyze the share of each country in electronic global value chain, inter-sector linkages, value added, also output and income multiplier. The result showed that Indonesia had low participation in electronic global value chain. Indonesia’s output share was the lowest among all countries which resulted in low valueadded acquisition. Indonesia played the role as the input user from the various sectors. It is suggested that Indonesia electronic manufacture sector should be integrated with the input supplier sectors. Electronic computing equipment sector can be the main priority in enhancing Indonesia electronic manufacture sector since it has the biggest effect to economic growth.
Keywords: electronic, global value chain, Indonesia, input output analysis
References
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[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik (ID). 2008. Kerangka Teori dan Analisis Tabel Input-Output. Jakarta (ID): Badan Pusat Statistik.
Banga R. 2014. Linking into global value chains is not sufficient: do you export domestic value added contents?. Journal of Economic Integration. 29(2): 267-297.
Cattaneo O, Gereffi G, Miroudot S, Taglioni D. 2013. Joining, upgrading, and being competitive in global value chains, a strategic framework. [Policy Research Working Paper 6406]. Washington DC (US): World Bank.
Chalmers I. 1991. International and regional integration: the political economy of the electronics industry in ASEAN. ASEAN Economic Bulletin. 8(2): 194-209.
Chung NV. 2014. The economic impact of agricultural and clothing, textile: an input-output analysis. Advances in Management & Applied Economics. 4(1): 27-39.
Daryanto A, Hafizrianda Y. 2010. Analisis Input-Output & Social Accounting Matrix untuk Pembangunan Ekonomi Daerah. Bogor (ID): PT. Penerbit IPB Press.
[DEKIN] Dewan Kelautan Indonesia (ID). 2012. Analisis Input Output Bidang Kelautan Terhadap Pembangunan Nasional. Jakarta (ID): Dewan Kelautan Indonesia.
[DJKPI] Direktorat Jenderal Kerja Sama Perdagangan Internasional (ID). 2012. Pertemuan pertama Menteri Perdagangan G20: narasi baru, dengan catatan [Internet]. [Diakses 2015 Januari 15]. Tersedia pada http://ditjenkpi. kemendag.go.id/website_kpi/inde x.php?module=news_detail&news _content_id=1024&detail=true.
Findlay C. 2015. ASEAN and Regional Free Trade Agreements. New York (US): Routledge.
Gereffi G, Stark KF. 2011. Global Value Chain Analysis: A Primer. North Carolina (US): Center on Globalization, Governance & Competitiveness (CGGC) Duke University.
Gou D, Webb C, Yamano N. 2009. Towards harmonised bilateral trade data for inter-country inputoutput analyses: statistical issues. [OECD Science, Technology, and Industry Working Papers, 2009/4]. Paris (FR): OECD Publishing.
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[IDE-JETRO] Institute of Developing Economies Japan External Organization. 2014a. Asian International Input-Output Table 2005. Japan (JP): Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization.
[IDE-JETRO] Institute of Developing Economies Japan External Organization. 2014b. Asian International Input-Output Table 2005 – Technical Notes. Japan (JP): Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization. [ILO] International Labour Organization. 2014. Ups and Downs in the Electronic Industry: Fluctuating Production and The Use of Temporary and Other Forms of Employment. Geneva (CH): International Labour Office Publication.
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[Kadin] Kamar Dagang dan Industri Indonesia (ID). 2010. Kebutuhan Teknologi dan Potensi Kerjasama Riset dengan Industri. Jakarta (ID): Kamar Dagang dan Industri Indonesia.
Kaplinsky R. 1999. Globalisation and unequalization: what can be learned from value chain analysis. Journal of Development Studies. 37(2): 117-146.
Kementerian Perdagangan. 2014. Rantai nilai [Internet]. [Diakses 2015 Januari 15]. Tersedia pada http://inatrims.kemendag.go.id/en/ product/detail/rantai-nilai_ 444/?market=cn.
Koopman R, Powers W, Wang Z, Wei SJ. 2010. Give credit where credit is due: tracing value added in global production chains. [NBER Working Paper Series no. 16426]. Cambridge (GB): National Bureau of Economic Research.
Kuwamori H, Okamoto N. 2007. Industrial Networks between China and the Countries of the Asia-Pacific Region. [IDE Discussion Paper No 110]. Japan (JP): Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization.
Lubis A, Asmara A. 2012. Analisis struktur perilaku dan kinerja perusahaan elektronik setelah pelaksanaan liberalisasi ACFTA. Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan. 6(2): 151-168.
Lüthje B. 2002. Electronics contract manufacturing: global production and the international division of labor in the age of the internet. Industry and Innovation. 9(3): 227-247.
Meng B, Fang Y, Yamano N. 2012. Measuring global value chains and regional economic integration: an international inputoutput approach. [IDE Discussion Paper no. 362]. Japan (JP): Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization.
Nazara S. 2005. Analisis Input Output. Jakarta (ID): Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia.
Powers WM. 2012. The value of value added: measuring global engagement with gross and value-added trade. [Office of Economics Working Paper No. 2012-11A]. Washington DC (US): U.S. International Trade Commision.
Samadikun S. 1985. The development of the electronics industry in Indonesia and the role of the physics department. Di dalam: Parangtopo, Kusno D, editor. Proceedings of the International Conference on Physics and Industry; 1985 September 9-12; Jakarta, Indonesia. Jakarta (ID): University of Indonesia. hlm. 1-4.
Setyawan D. 2011. The development of the electronics industry in Indonesia: policy decisions and revealed comparative advantage [tesis]. Japan (JP): Graduate School, Ritsumeikan Asia Pasific Univesity.
Soejachmoen MP. 2012. Globalization and the electronics industry: is Indonesia missing out. [Forum Kajian Pembangunan]. Jakarta (ID): USAID – SEADI Project.
Sturgeon TJ, Kawakami M. 2010. Global value chains in the electronics industry: was the crisis a window of opportunity for developing countries? [Policy Research Working Paper 5417]. Washington DC (US): World Bank.
Sutrisna MG. 2011. Dampak pengembangan infrastruktur dalam masterplan percepatan dan perluasan pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia terhadap perekonomian Indonesia: Analisa Model Input Output Antar Daerah [tesis]. Jakarta (ID): Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Indonesia.
Van Liemt G. 2007. Subcontracting in electronics: from contract manufacturers to providers of electronic manufacturing services (EMS). [Working Paper 249]. Geneva (CH): International Labour Office.
[WITS] World Integrated Trade Solution. 2015. Product imports by Indonesia from all countries [Internet]. [Diakses 2015 September 7]. Tersedia pada wits.worldbank.org.
Xing Y, Detert N. 2010. How iPhone widens the us trade deficits with prc. [GRIPS Discussion Paper 10-21]. Tokyo (JP): National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik (ID). 2008. Kerangka Teori dan Analisis Tabel Input-Output. Jakarta (ID): Badan Pusat Statistik.
Banga R. 2014. Linking into global value chains is not sufficient: do you export domestic value added contents?. Journal of Economic Integration. 29(2): 267-297.
Cattaneo O, Gereffi G, Miroudot S, Taglioni D. 2013. Joining, upgrading, and being competitive in global value chains, a strategic framework. [Policy Research Working Paper 6406]. Washington DC (US): World Bank.
Chalmers I. 1991. International and regional integration: the political economy of the electronics industry in ASEAN. ASEAN Economic Bulletin. 8(2): 194-209.
Chung NV. 2014. The economic impact of agricultural and clothing, textile: an input-output analysis. Advances in Management & Applied Economics. 4(1): 27-39.
Daryanto A, Hafizrianda Y. 2010. Analisis Input-Output & Social Accounting Matrix untuk Pembangunan Ekonomi Daerah. Bogor (ID): PT. Penerbit IPB Press.
[DEKIN] Dewan Kelautan Indonesia (ID). 2012. Analisis Input Output Bidang Kelautan Terhadap Pembangunan Nasional. Jakarta (ID): Dewan Kelautan Indonesia.
[DJKPI] Direktorat Jenderal Kerja Sama Perdagangan Internasional (ID). 2012. Pertemuan pertama Menteri Perdagangan G20: narasi baru, dengan catatan [Internet]. [Diakses 2015 Januari 15]. Tersedia pada http://ditjenkpi. kemendag.go.id/website_kpi/inde x.php?module=news_detail&news _content_id=1024&detail=true.
Findlay C. 2015. ASEAN and Regional Free Trade Agreements. New York (US): Routledge.
Gereffi G, Stark KF. 2011. Global Value Chain Analysis: A Primer. North Carolina (US): Center on Globalization, Governance & Competitiveness (CGGC) Duke University.
Gou D, Webb C, Yamano N. 2009. Towards harmonised bilateral trade data for inter-country inputoutput analyses: statistical issues. [OECD Science, Technology, and Industry Working Papers, 2009/4]. Paris (FR): OECD Publishing.
Hayashi M. 2005. Structural changes in Indonesian industry and trade: an input-output analysis. The Developing Economies. 43(1): 39- 71.
[IDE-JETRO] Institute of Developing Economies Japan External Organization. 2014a. Asian International Input-Output Table 2005. Japan (JP): Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization.
[IDE-JETRO] Institute of Developing Economies Japan External Organization. 2014b. Asian International Input-Output Table 2005 – Technical Notes. Japan (JP): Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization. [ILO] International Labour Organization. 2014. Ups and Downs in the Electronic Industry: Fluctuating Production and The Use of Temporary and Other Forms of Employment. Geneva (CH): International Labour Office Publication.
Ismail. 2015. Prioritas industri substitusi impor [Internet]. [Diakses 2015 Mei 30]. Tersedia pada http://www.republika.co.id/ berita/koran/pareto/15/01/30/nizg dc9-prioritas-industri-substitusiimpor.
Kadarusman Y, Nadvi K. 2013. Competitiveness and technological upgrading in global value chains: evidence from the Indonesian electronics and garment sectors. European Planning Studies. 21(7): 1007- 1028.
[Kadin] Kamar Dagang dan Industri Indonesia (ID). 2010. Kebutuhan Teknologi dan Potensi Kerjasama Riset dengan Industri. Jakarta (ID): Kamar Dagang dan Industri Indonesia.
Kaplinsky R. 1999. Globalisation and unequalization: what can be learned from value chain analysis. Journal of Development Studies. 37(2): 117-146.
Kementerian Perdagangan. 2014. Rantai nilai [Internet]. [Diakses 2015 Januari 15]. Tersedia pada http://inatrims.kemendag.go.id/en/ product/detail/rantai-nilai_ 444/?market=cn.
Koopman R, Powers W, Wang Z, Wei SJ. 2010. Give credit where credit is due: tracing value added in global production chains. [NBER Working Paper Series no. 16426]. Cambridge (GB): National Bureau of Economic Research.
Kuwamori H, Okamoto N. 2007. Industrial Networks between China and the Countries of the Asia-Pacific Region. [IDE Discussion Paper No 110]. Japan (JP): Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization.
Lubis A, Asmara A. 2012. Analisis struktur perilaku dan kinerja perusahaan elektronik setelah pelaksanaan liberalisasi ACFTA. Buletin Ilmiah Litbang Perdagangan. 6(2): 151-168.
Lüthje B. 2002. Electronics contract manufacturing: global production and the international division of labor in the age of the internet. Industry and Innovation. 9(3): 227-247.
Meng B, Fang Y, Yamano N. 2012. Measuring global value chains and regional economic integration: an international inputoutput approach. [IDE Discussion Paper no. 362]. Japan (JP): Institute of Developing Economies, Japan External Trade Organization.
Nazara S. 2005. Analisis Input Output. Jakarta (ID): Lembaga Penerbit Fakultas Ekonomi Universitas Indonesia.
Powers WM. 2012. The value of value added: measuring global engagement with gross and value-added trade. [Office of Economics Working Paper No. 2012-11A]. Washington DC (US): U.S. International Trade Commision.
Samadikun S. 1985. The development of the electronics industry in Indonesia and the role of the physics department. Di dalam: Parangtopo, Kusno D, editor. Proceedings of the International Conference on Physics and Industry; 1985 September 9-12; Jakarta, Indonesia. Jakarta (ID): University of Indonesia. hlm. 1-4.
Setyawan D. 2011. The development of the electronics industry in Indonesia: policy decisions and revealed comparative advantage [tesis]. Japan (JP): Graduate School, Ritsumeikan Asia Pasific Univesity.
Soejachmoen MP. 2012. Globalization and the electronics industry: is Indonesia missing out. [Forum Kajian Pembangunan]. Jakarta (ID): USAID – SEADI Project.
Sturgeon TJ, Kawakami M. 2010. Global value chains in the electronics industry: was the crisis a window of opportunity for developing countries? [Policy Research Working Paper 5417]. Washington DC (US): World Bank.
Sutrisna MG. 2011. Dampak pengembangan infrastruktur dalam masterplan percepatan dan perluasan pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia terhadap perekonomian Indonesia: Analisa Model Input Output Antar Daerah [tesis]. Jakarta (ID): Program Pascasarjana, Universitas Indonesia.
Van Liemt G. 2007. Subcontracting in electronics: from contract manufacturers to providers of electronic manufacturing services (EMS). [Working Paper 249]. Geneva (CH): International Labour Office.
[WITS] World Integrated Trade Solution. 2015. Product imports by Indonesia from all countries [Internet]. [Diakses 2015 September 7]. Tersedia pada wits.worldbank.org.
Xing Y, Detert N. 2010. How iPhone widens the us trade deficits with prc. [GRIPS Discussion Paper 10-21]. Tokyo (JP): National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies.
Authors
NurdiatiR. P., OktavianiR., & SaharaS. (2015). PERAN INDONESIA DALAM RANTAI NILAI GLOBAL PRODUK ELEKTRONIK. JURNAL EKONOMI DAN KEBIJAKAN PEMBANGUNAN, 4(1), 49-70. https://doi.org/10.29244/jekp.4.1.2015.49-70
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