Soetarto, Endriatmo, Indonesia

• Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 34 No. 3 (2011): Forum Pascasarjana - Articles
  

  After the reform era, forest management approaches tend to change from state-based to community-based.  Arising awareness about the importance of involving communities in forest management, it will not succed without support from the community.  Since 2001, Perhutani has implemented a partnership program in the form of CBFM (Joint Forest Management Society), designed to accommodate the dynamic and needs of the community.  This paper aims to study the perception of society, equality of status of the community, and to formulate alternative forestry policy.  This research was quantitative and qualitative research. Sample were taken purposively.  Research location in Perhutani office (BKPH) of Parung Panjang, KPH Bogor.  Public perceptions of CBFM are positive and able to increase revenue, income, absorb labour, and grow productive business. Biophysical condition are better with the following: the fire and illegal logging are reduced, and the rehabilitation of forest is better.  However, it is difficult for the community to get water since Acacia mangium were planted.  The level of community participation in planning and evaluation is low but high in the implementation.  The pattern of partnership is asymmetrical because the decision-making is dominated by Perhutani officers.  In the cooperative agreement, there are many inequalities positions.  CBFM is derivative of developmentalist ideology contrary to the principles of community empowerment.  The partnership is focused more on corporate interests, and is used as reducer of conflict.  Policy scenarios of CBFM are institutional strengthening, acces to forest resources, equality in forest management partnership, and productive business.

   

  Key words: community forestry, partnership, equality, institutional

  
  Abstract  PDF
• Forum Pasca Sarjana Vol. 32 No. 2 (2009): Forum Pascasarjana - Articles
  

  Residential solid waste is being a critical problem in many cities in clauding Jakarta.  Cummnity-based management is the most important strategy even when sophiticated treatment such as bio-energy or waste industrial park word be implemented soon, as every waste processing neds separated wastes.  Increasing the participation through community-based manajement is more effective than cange people’sperception and behavior on domestic wastes.  In some cates, to change community behavior in waste separition and recycling need more than ten years i.e. at Kampung Banjarsari, but with appropriate support system on sosial planning only took two years i.e. Kampung Rajawati.  The implementation constrain of this progammeis on replication or expandability of the progamme to implemented in another place.  There are also lack of government’s significantefforts to push and to supprots than action.  It’s true that some cummunities develop the some model, but without acceleration and exvandable progamme, the significance of that effort is very poor.  This study tried to ellaborate the model of system based ofnspatial analyses to determine resedential typology and found five resedential types i.e. high, middle-high, middle, middle-lower and lower level of resendential.  Quantitative analyses to determine typology of community participation found four types of cummnity participation i.e. moral-normative, moral-remunerayive, calculative-remuneraive and calculative-coercive.  Qualitative analyses had been ellaborated to determine authority or government policies typology.  Breaking down from these clssification, there strategies could develop, namely community participation strategy, infastructure development strategy and institutional manajement strategy.  Implementation of these models could accomodate the heterogeneity of communities and give positive impact on social acceptability.

   

  Key words: social planning, community management, residential solid wastes

  
  Abstract  PDF