Pengaruh Habitat Sekitar Lahan Persawahan dan Umur Tanaman Padi terhadap Keanekaragaman Hymenoptera Parasitika

Abstract

As the largest group of biological control agents, Parasitic Hymenoptera plays an important role in controlling pest outbreaks in agricultural habitat. Unfortunately, there is a lack of information about the occurrence of different parasitoids as it relates to the condition of the surrounding habitat and the phenology of crop plants. The objective of this research was to study the effect of rice field surrounding habitat and age of rice plant on the diversity of Parasitic Hymenoptera. The research area was located in Carang Pulang Village, Dramaga, Bogor. We selected four block sites which represented different of habitat condition and age of rice plant. In each block, we set up six yellow pan traps (with minimum distance 20 meter) and one malaise trap. Sampling of insects were conducted weekly from 6 to 12 week after planting. From this research, we collected 1,833 individual of Hymenoptera (non-ants) belonging to 9 superfamilies, 23 families, and 216 species. Parasitic Hymenoptera was more abundant (96%) and species rich (84%) than Aculeata. Our result showed that the type surrounding habitat (block) and age of rice field significantly affect the diversity of Parasitic Hymenoptera. We found positive correlation between age of rice plant and species richness of Parasitic Hymenoptera.

KEY WORDS: Parasitic Hymenoptera, diversity, rice field, yellow pan trap, malaise trap.