Coastal and Ocean Journal (COJ)

Indonesia's Concrete Efforts to Ensure Australia's Accountability for Marine Pollution Resulting from the Montara Oil Spill

2024-12-20T13:32:01+07:00

The marine pollution caused by the Montara oil spill in Australian waters has created serious challenges to the marine environment in Indonesian waters. This conflict has not been declared terminated until now due to the failure of Australia to exercise its responsibility under the provisions of UNCLOS 1982. The study aims to analyze the firm and concrete efforts that Indonesia can make to hold Australia accountable for the impact of such pollution, as well as the forms of accountability that Australia is supposed to take against Indonesia. This research uses normative legal methods, or library research, through legislative approaches and the study of the rule of law. The findings show that Indonesia can take a diplomatic approach, bring legal claims through international courts, and firmly acknowledge the challenges and economic pressures of withdrawing Australia's accountability. The responsibility of the Australian side should also be insisted on by Indonesia by acting in accordance with the provisions of international law, where there is compensation equal to the territory of Indonesia and the injured parties. Through diplomatic analysis, regional cooperation, and legal approaches, the study contributes to an understanding of the complexity of managing the impact of marine pollution at the international level and the importance of ensuring full accountability in order to preserve the global marine environment.

The Urban Coastal Settlement Management Strategy of Bumi Waras Sub-District, Bandar Lampung

2024-12-20T13:29:36+07:00

Indonesia's extensive coastal areas face significant environmental and social challenges, particularly in densely populated regions like Bumi Waras Sub-district, emphasizing the urgent need for integrated coastal management to ensure sustainable development and improve community living conditions. This study aims to ascertain the future course of urban coastal settlement management measures. The study was conducted in Bandar Lampung's Bumi Waras Sub-District's coastal region, as the second-highest population sub-district in Bandar Lampung City. The samplings were chosen purposively by expert assessments and the community. Direct interviews were used to collect data, while the SWOT method was used to analyze the result. The results of the Internal Factors Analysis Summary matrix score of 3.167 and the External Factors Analysis Summary matrix at 3.153, indicating fairly good growth conditions. The highest priority strategy, 4.028, was the "weaknesses and threats" (WT) parameter, highlighting the need to address limited community participation in planning, implementing, and supervising coastal area management, as well as the lack of private sector involvement. Therefore, the recommended strategy is to enhance human resource capacity through socialization and counseling on urban coastal settlement management. Additionally, efforts should be directed toward optimizing the utilization of existing facilities and infrastructure to reduce environmental damage and promote sustainable coastal area management.

Economic Policy of Renewable Energy: Development of Marine Current Energy in Madura Straits, Indonesia

2024-12-25T22:37:50+07:00

The depletion of fossil resources and environmental degradation caused by conventional oil and gas exploitation highlight the urgency for renewable energy adoption to achieve sustainable development. Marine current energy offers a promising alternative, yet its economic feasibility remains insufficiently studied. The study aims to analyze the economic potential of marine currents energy and policy development as a source of renewable energy by developing of power plant in Madura Strait, East Java Province, Indonesia. The analysis methods used in this study were technical feasibility, econometric analysis, cost-benefit analysis, input-output model and policy analysis. Results showed that Madura Strait has sufficient resource potential to produce marine current energy, consumers’ income and KWh used are significant parameters in using marine current energy, the marine currents energy power plant development is financially feasible to be developed for at least 3 units (30 kW) or more with NPV of USD 57,010; Net B/C 1.57 and IRR 8% for 10 years investment period. Development of the power plant 3MW marine current energy will increase 0,02% of gross regional domestic product. Policy analysis using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) identifies regional infrastructure development, including coastal spatial planning, as the top policy priority.

Suitability and Carrying Capacity Analysis of Marine Tourism in Merak Kecil Island

2024-12-30T15:04:59+07:00

Merak Kecil Island is an emerging marine tourism destination in Cilegon City, encompassing an area of 0.76 hectares, located in the waters of the Sunda Strait within Pulomerak District. This research was conducted over a one-month period, from January to February 2024, involving three sampling stations. The study aimed to analyze tourism suitability parameters, calculate the area's carrying capacity, and develop strategies for ecotourism development on Merak Kecil Island, Cilegon City. Data collection was carried out through field observations and measurements of regional parameters, including environmental, physical, and chemical data. These were supplemented by data analysis utilizing the Tourism Suitability Index (TSI), Carrying Capacity (CC) calculations, and a SWOT analysis derived from interviews conducted via questionnaires. The results indicated that the Tourism Suitability Index for recreational activities was 86% at Station 1, 84% at Station 2, and 78% at Station 3, all of which fall under the category of "Very Suitable" (S1). The calculated carrying capacity of Merak Kecil Island was approximately 106 visitors per day, ensuring a balance between visitor comfort and the island's ecological preservation. Furthermore, 15 strategic recommendations were formulated through a SWOT matrix analysis.

Performance Enhancement of Microbial Fuel Cells from Fishery Wastewater Using Boost Converter Device

2024-12-31T08:39:22+07:00

Electricity is a basic necessity in everyday life. Fossil energy is typically used to generate electricity, and non-renewable energy sources will eventually be depleted without innovation in the form of renewable energy. Liquid waste from fisheries is a commodity that can generate electricity through Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC) systems. However, the electricity generated is relatively small. The research aimed to increase the electrical voltage from fish curing waste in a Microbial Fuel Cell system by using an additional boost converter circuit. The research was conducted using 5 MFC systems connected in series and connected to a boost converter device. The electrical values of the MFC system with the boost converter circuit were a voltage of 12.13±0.87 V, a current of 0.86±0.20 mA, and a power of 10.50±3.11 mW. Meanwhile, without the boost converter circuit, the voltage value was 2.24±0.26 volts, the current was 0.17±0.03 mA, and the power was 0.38±0.11 mW. The increase in electricity in the MFC system indicated that the boost converter circuit functioned properly. The MFC system was able to reduce BOD, COD, and TAN values.