Agromet

Correlation Analysis Between Urban Heat Island Intensity and Temperature Criticality Value in Denpasar City

I Ketut Gede Arta Putra, Idung Risdiyanto, Rahmat Hidayat — Tue, 25 Jul 2023 15:14:48 +0700

The compactness of buildings in Denpasar resulted in the formation of urban heat islands (UHI), which can be evaluated through the Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI) and Environment Criticality Index (ECI). ECI is the ratio of land surface temperature to the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). It can be transformed into Temperature Criticality Value (TCV) using air temperature and Index-based Built-up Index (IBI). This study aims to identify the UHI intensity, the impact of land cover changes, and its association with the TCV. The study employs Landsat 8 imagery and field measurements data, and the findings demonstrate that the study area was mainly composed of built-up areas that had grown from 2015 to 2021. TFVI indicates the most intense UHI (>0.02) in the built-up areas, whereas the mean value of NDVI suggested a reduction in vegetation density. The density of built-up areas (IBI) had increased, while vegetation had decreased. TCV in 2015 ranged from -11.15°C.IBI to 6.42°C.IBI; 2018 between -9.96°C.IBI to 6.79°C.IBI; and 2021 between -10.84°C.IBI to 6.87°C.IBI showed that the environment had become increasingly critical from 2015 to 2021. A transect analysis revealed that more vigorous UHI intensity, denser buildings, and a more critical environment were present in urban centers compared to the suburbs. The correlation coefficient (r) between TCV and UTFVI was relatively robust (0.75–0.82), indicating that the growth of UHI intensity was associated with a more critical environment. TCV has the strongest (r=0.99) and strong correlation (r>0,80) with Built-up Index but inverse correlation with NDVI. Therefore, limiting the expansion of built-up areas and increasing vegetation could help to control the environment's criticality.

Systematic Literature Review on Ozone Dispersion Correlated with Diurnal Concentration Pattern in Urban and Rural Areas

Mon, 11 Sep 2023 00:00:00 +0700

Ground level ozone is known to exhibit a strong daily variation of concentration leading to long-range transport of air pollutants from urban to rural areas. Moreover, the characteristics of O₃relationship between urban, suburban, and rural sites can be explained by O₃photochemical chemistry and meteorological dispersions as indicated by the different result of O₃diurnal pattern. However, little is known about the global phenomenon of diurnal concentration of ozone, meteorological dispersion such as long-range transport, and their correlation with ozone precursors, especially in urban and rural areas. This paper attempt to compare the difference between daily ozone fluctuations in both sites and assess some factors that cause long-range ozone transport from urban and rural areas both in subtropical and tropical areas for global scale. Using systematic literature review analysis with the PRISMA method, it examined 43 peer-reviewed articles published between 2010 and 2022 globally meeting the inclusion criteria. The result showed that the fluctuation patterns of daytime ozone in urban and rural areas are different to those in tropical and subtropical regions, depending on latitude. This was primarily due to the influence of solar radiation and the presence of precursors. Conversely, a slight decrease in ozone rate at night occurs because the precursor was accumulated by the shutdown of photochemical ozone production. Some precursors of ozone from other regions can be transported and accumulated from the long-range transport process in other locations. This paper serves as an initial guideline to analysing the pattern of ozone concentration in urban and rural areas and the factors that influence it.

Thermal Comfort for various Altitudes and Land Covers in North Sumatra

Hanny Nirwani, Rini Hidayati, Perdinan — Mon, 09 Oct 2023 13:56:52 +0700

Thermal comfort refers to the suitability of meteorological conditions for
humans with the environment. Temperature is the main meteorological
variable, which determines the thermal comfort as expressed in various
climate indices. This study aims to analysis the distribution of thermal
comfort, and to identify environmental factors influencing the comfort
situated in North Sumatra, Indonesia. We applied the Universal Thermal
Climate Index (UTCI) to determine the heat stress level for 2011 - 2020. The
higher UTCI value indicates more uncomfortable conditions related to the
higher heat stress. The results showed that the average value of UTCI in North
Sumatra was categorised at moderate heat stress. Densely urbanised area in
the eastern region contributed to high heat stress, whereas mountainous
areas in central to west regions were at low level. Our findings found that
climate season affected the distribution of heat stress level. The low heat
stress occurred in December-February, while high heat stress happened in
June-August. Further, findings revealed that altitude and land cover have
contributed to UTCI variation by more than 75% variance.

Climate influence on Diarrhea Disease in Tropical Regions based on Systematic Literature Review

Dela Arinda, Rini Hidayati, Muh. Taufik — Fri, 10 Nov 2023 16:49:15 +0700

Diarrhea disease presents a significant public health concern due to its impact on mortality, and research showed that climate plays an important role on diarrhea prevalence. However, effect of climate on diarrhea incidence was inconsistent among climate factors. Here, we investigated this inconsistency thorough systematic literature review. Our review encompassed the formulation of research questions, development of literature search strategies, and the establishment of inclusion/exclusion criteria for systematic data extraction. We carried out an extensive search from peer-review literature databases including Scopus, Pubmed, and Proquest for articles published between January 2000 to March 2023. We found that 74 studies focusing on diarrhea diseases and climate influencing factors met our inclusive criteria. Climate factors that affected diarrhea were rainfall, temperature, humidity, and climate seasonality. Our findings revealed that a positive association between diarrhea and rainfall was consistently observed. Other climate factors (temperature and humidity) indicated a positive correlation as well, although viral diarrhea exhibited a negative correlation with temperature. Further, bacterial and parasitic diarrhea diseases were more prevalent in the rainy season, whereas viral diarrhea occurred more frequently during the dry season with lower temperatures.

Analysis of Carbon Dioxide Emission from Forest Fires based on Fire Radiative Power in Riau

Mochamad Afif Derma Kusuma, Fithriya Y Rohmawati, Idung Risdiyanto — Wed, 15 Nov 2023 10:16:42 +0700

Riau is one of the susceptible regions in Indonesia, which faces frequent land and forest fires. Fires occur in various land covers and soil types, both peat and mineral soils, which emitted huge carbon to the atmosphere. Forest fires emit greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide (CO₂). The objective of the research was to quantify CO₂ from land and forest fires. The quantification emission was for 2016 – 2018 based on the fire radiant power (FRP) dataset along with the buffer methodology for assessing fire-affected land extents across different land covers. The FRP dataset we used to be only at a confidence level of 70% or higher, which represents hotspots. The results revealed large numbers of FRP focal points (> 1000) that can be identified as fires for 2016 and 2018, whereas only small numbers (121) were identified for 2017. Then we quantified the area burned of 95,396 Ha in Riau for 2016, which was double to the 2018’s area burned. Further, this burning contributed to CO₂ emission equal to 313,456 tCO₂for 2016. Emission in 2017 was a relatively low as not many observed fires detected.