Acta VETERINARIA Indonesiana

Uji Resistansi Antibiotik Bakteri Vibrio Parahaemolyticus dari Udang Putih (Litopaneus Vannamei) Serta Identifikasi Gen Penyandi Resistan Ampisilin

Vetty Ramadhaniah, Agustin Indrawati, Bayu Febram Prasetyo — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 20:12:34 +0700

Penyakit vibriosis pada udang putih (Litopaneus vannamei) sangat ditakuti oleh pembudidaya pada tahun 2009 karena diduga dapat menimbulkan early mortality syndrome (EMS). Penyakit ini menyebabkan kematian massal pada usia muda. Umumnya vibriosis pada udang dicegah dan diobati dengan menggunakan antibiotik. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak tepat dapat menyebabkan resistansi multi-antibiotik. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat resistansi antibiotik terhadap bakteri Vibrio parahaemolyticus di udang putih dan mengidentifikasi keberadaan gen resistan terhadap ampisilin. Isolat bakteri V. parahaemolyticus diuji resistansi terhadap antibiotik ampisilin, oksitetrasiklin, kloramfenikol, enrofloksasin, dan eritromisin. Penelitian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode difusi cakram Kirby-Bauer dengan tabel Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). Hasil uji resistansi menunjukkan bahwa 30 isolat V. parahemolyticus sensitif terhadap enrofloxacin (94%), dan kloramfenikol (97%). Adapun hasil uji terhadap ampisilin menunjukkan adanaya resistan (77%). Bakteri yang resistan terhadap ampisilin diuji terhadap keberadaan gen yang mengkode protein BlaTEM yaitu dengan hasil persentase 100% (dari 6 sampel) pada amplikon 516 bp. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa isolat V. parahaemolyticus resistan terhadap ampisilin terhadap gen BlaTEM.

Evaluation of Cassava Leaf Paste on Egg Performance and Egg Quality of Quail Egg Laying Period

Wed, 31 Jul 2024 00:00:00 +0700

Quail has a high egg production. On the other hand, quail has a weakness, which is prone to stress. This stress is caused by erratic weather conditions. This study examines and evaluates the role and function of cassava leaf paste on aspects of egg performance and egg quality of quail eggs in the laying period that are reared under natural conditions or normal conditions in tropical areas, such as in Indonesia. Observation of egg performance was detected by calculating egg length, egg width, and egg shape index. Observation of egg quality aspects was detected by calculating the quality of the shell, egg white, and egg yolk. The results showed that the shape index of quail eggs at various levels of cassava leaf paste administration showed results that were not significantly different. The egg shape index obtained at P2 and P3 tends to be more oval/semi-tapered, while at P0 and P1 it tends to be round. The value of the eggshell weight, egg white weight, and egg yolk weight that received cassava leaf paste were higher than the control treatment. The high eggshell weight, egg white weight, and egg yolk weight were suspected to be differences in nutritional content, mineral elements, and flavonoids between treatments. Giving cassava leaf paste can increase the index of egg shape in the quail laying period. The application of cassava leaf paste can also increase the weight of the shell, the weight of the egg white, and the weight of the yolk in the egg-laying period of quail.

Dynamics of Vibrio spp. Bacterial in Sea Water Around Vanamei Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) Hatchery Centers in Indonesia

Wed, 31 Jul 2024 21:22:48 +0700

Vibrio spp. is one of the common pathogens that infects shrimp hatchery and rear, which can cause mass mortality of fry in shrimp hatchery. This study aimed to determine the dynamics of Vibrio spp. in sea water around seven areas of vannamei shrimp hatchery centers in Indonesia. Observations were conducted every month from January to December 2020, by inoculating 100 µL of sea water samples onto thiosulfate-citrate-bile-salt sucrose (TCBS) agar media, incubating at 30°C for 18–24 hours, after which Green Vibrio Colony (GVC), Total Vibrio Count (TVC), and the percentage of luminescence bacterial were counted in sea water samples. Observation results showed that the highest GVC and TVC occurred in Takalar sea water in May 2020, while the highest percentage of luminescence bacterial obtained in samples from Pantai Cermin-Serdang Bedagai sea water. The GVC value ranges between 0,01–130,00 × 10² CFU/mL with the highest numbers occurring in January, October, November, and Desember 2020, while the TVC value ranges between 0,20–520,00 × 10² CFU/mL throughout 2020. No luminescence bacterial was found in sea water samples from the Anyer and Pangandaran areas. Vannamei shrimp hatchery operators need to always be aware of the population dynamics of Vibrio spp. bacteria in sea water that will be used in vannamei shrimp hatchery activities.

Cockroach Periplaneta americana Extract as Systemic Anti-inflammatory in Rat of SIRS Model

Erfan Andrianto Aritonang — Fri, 06 Sep 2024 13:36:53 +0700

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a phenomenon of systemic hyperinflammation mediated by innate immune response due to exposure to infection or non-infection. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of anti-inflammatory cockroach P. americana extract through clinical animal models. Induction of SIRS through cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The animal model was used 20 10-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats that received CLP and were treated with NaCl 0.9% 0.2 ml/day, dexamethasone 0.75 mg/kg BW, cockroach P. americana extract (EKP) 50 mg/kg BW, and 100 mg/kg BW. Therapy was administered orally at 24 and 48 hours after CLP. Body temperature variables showed no significant difference between groups given NaCl 0.9%, dexamethasone, and EKP 50 mg/kg BW (P > 0.05), but significantly different (lower temperature below normal) with the EKP 100 mg/kg BW (P < 0.05). The variables of breaths, heart rate, and total leukocytes did not show significant differences between each group (P > 0.05). The survival percentage until the end of the study in the NaCl 0,9%, dexamethasone, EKP 50 mg, and EKP 100 mg groups was respectively 60%, 80%, 100%, and 60%. EKP 50 mg/Kg BW has the potential as a systemic anti-inflammatory in rats of SIRS model.

The Palatability of Functional Foods Containing Black Cumin (Nigella sativa) Extract in Domestic Shorthair Cats (Felis catus)

Wed, 31 Jul 2024 22:26:54 +0700

Plant extract is one of the functional ingredients to support health and immune system. Black cumin (Nigella sativa) is known to have a strong effect on immunomodulatory function. Its bitter taste and characteristic smell will affect the palatability of a final product. The palatability is important for product development in the pet food industry. The palatability defines cat’s preference and acceptance of a product. This research was aimed to determine the palatability of functional foods containing black cumin’s extract in domestic shorthair cats (Felis catus). The modified two bowl test was used in this study. Domestic shorthair cats aged 1-6 years, 7 spayed females and 2 neutered males, unvaccinated, and clinically healthy were participated in the study. Three bowls of food containing 89,1 mg; 222,75 mg; and 445,5 mg concentration of black cumin extract were offered to cats simultaneously. The first choice consumed, the duration of food consumed, and the amount of food intake were evaluated. A significant difference (p<0,05) was observed in the first choice consumed. The duration of food consumed, and the amount of food consumed were not found a significant difference. Based on all observations, this study indicates the food containing 222,75 mg concentration of black cumin is more palatable compared with other foods. The result of this study will be the foundation of the next research.

Keywords: black cumin, cats, food, palatability

Observasi Kesembuhan Auto Skin Graft Yang Diberi Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) dan Dirawat dengan Bio Dressing Kulit Ikan Mujair (Tilapia mozambique)

Wed, 31 Jul 2024 23:18:30 +0700

Skin graft merupakan tindakan pengambilan kulit dari tubuh donor yang telah dipisahkan dari lokasi suplai darah lokalnya ke area lain. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengamati kesembuhan auto skin graft (ASG) setelah pemberian platelet-rich plasma (PRP) dan dirawat dengan bio dressing dari kulit Tilapia mozambique (TM) melalui pengamatan subjektif dan objektif. Penelitian ini menggunakan 6 ekor kucing lokal jantan, berumur 1-2 tahun dengan berat badan 2-3 kg yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok perlakuan. Semua kucing dibuat defek berukuran 2x2 cm pada area kaki depan, 4 hari kemudian luka ditutup dengan ASG bersumber dari area abdomen. Perawatan ASG menggunakan bio dressing kulit TM (K-1) dan penambahan PRP disertai bio dressing kulit TM (K-2). Pengamatan subjektif ASG hari ke-3, 6, 9 dan 12, sedangkan uji pendarahan dan pengamatan objektif pada hari ke-18 pasca bedah. Hasil pengamatan subjektif menunjukkan kesembuhan ASG yang diberi PRP beserta bio dressing kulit TM (K2) lebih baik dibandingkan bio dressing kulit TM (K1) (P<0,05). Hari ke-12 warna kulit graft kembali sama dengan kulit sekitar, respon nyeri berkurang, disertai pertumbuhan rambut lebih cepat pada K-2. Pengamatan objektif menunjukkan waktu absorbsi NaCl 0,9% dan efek obat lebih cepat pada K-2 dibandingkan K-1 (P<0,05). Penggunaan PRP beserta bio dressing kulit TM (K2) memiliki potensi untuk digunakan dalam perawatan ASG.

Prevalence of Endoparasite Infestation of Edible-Nest Swiftlet (Aerodramus fuciphagus) in Swiftlet Houses in Central Java, Indonesia

Siti Gusti Ningrum — Wed, 04 Sep 2024 16:18:05 +0700

This report represents the prevalence of endoparasite infestation in swiftlets (Aerodramus fuciphagus) in swiftlet houses in Central Java Province, Indonesia. A total of 76 samples of faeces of edible-nest swiftlet (A. fuciphagus) were collected from several swiftlet houses in Central Java. The endoparasite detection method in this study used a combination of the native method, the sedimentation method, and the floating method. Based on the results of this study, endoparasite infestation in edible-nest swiftlet (A. fuciphagus) in Central Java was 28%. Endoparasites found included Tetrameres spp. (7%), Notocotylus sp. (11%), and Raillietina sp. (11%). This study provides data on the incidence of endoparasite infestation in edible-nest swiftlet (A. fuciphagus).

CASE STUDY OF TRAUMATIC DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA REPAIR IN A CAT AT PET FIRST VETERINARY CENTRE, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA

Bintang Nurul Iman — Mon, 04 Nov 2024 14:14:15 +0700

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is an injury to the thorax in which the forces applied to the diaphragm exceed the diaphragmatic holding strength, resulting in a defect that allows abdominal contents to protrude into the thoracic cavity. This case research aimed to investigate diaphragmatic hernia treatment and surgical repair. The patient is a 1-year old, female domestic short hair (DSH) cat, black-white hair with a body weight of 2.8 kg. Pet First Veterinary Center monitored clinic symptoms and diagnostic data before surgery. Patient state was closely checked. The loss of the ventral border of the diaphragm and the displacement of abdominal viscera within the thorax are the most prominent radiological features in patient with diaphragmatic hernias. Surgery was performed at Pet First Veterinary Centre to restore negative pressure in the thoracic cavity by thoracocentesis. Diaphragmatic hernia repair involved reconstructing the diaphragm to restore its original function. Intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) was performed in this surgery. The treatment with corrective surgery was recorded, followed by the recovery of the patient within one month of the surgery. This research demonstrated that diaphragmatic hernia repair was an effective method of treatment for diaphragmatic hernia to preserve pulmonary function.

Ejection Fraction and Fractional Shortening Echocardiographic Value of Belgian Malinois Dogs in National Anti Narcotics Agency

ni putu wirananda ayuning permata — Mon, 04 Nov 2024 14:18:24 +0700

Working dogs at the National Anti Narcotics Agency (BNN) undergo routine training programs that require high levels of physical activity. The physical activities performed can affect the cardiac morphology of the dogs. Assessment of cardiac parameters such as ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS), could determine myocardial thickness and systolic function. This study aims to assess the echocardiographic parameters of EF and FS in Belgian Malinois dogs at the BNN. The EF and FS parameters are needed to evaluate the influence of physical activity in cardiac morphology. The study sample consisted of 21 Belgian Malinois dogs aged 3 to 4 years, 13 dogs were actively trained, while 8 dogs were not actively trained. Echocardiographic examinations were performed in the right parasternal short axis view using the Acclarix AX3 ultrasound system with a microconvex probe at frequency 2.5-6 MHz. The type of echocardiography imaging used to obtain EF and FS is Motion (M-) mode with the Cube method interpretation method. The results showed that the average EF and FS values in both groups of dogs were within the normal range (55-85% for EF and 25-45% for FS). Based on this study Belgian Malinois dogs at BNN do not have a predisposition to develop cardiomyopathy.

Prevalensi Newcastle Disease dan Perkiraan Kerugian Ekonomi pada Unggas yang Dinekropsi di Laboratorium Patologi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Syiah Kuala

Siti Raudha Maulina, Etriwati Etriwati, Teuku Reza Ferasyi — Wed, 13 Nov 2024 10:30:11 +0700

Newcastle disease (ND) salah satu penyakit dengan laporan kerugian ekonomi yang tinggi karena penyebarannya sangat cepat, tingkat morbiditas dan mortalitasnya mencapai 100%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan data ilmiah tentang prevalensi dan analisis kerugian ekonomi akibat kematian unggas disebabkan oleh penyakit ND. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional study dengan purposive sampling yaitu dilakukan dengan mengumpulkan sampel berupa kadaver ayam broiler, layer dan buras yang masuk ke Laboratorium Patologi, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan (FKH) yang berasal dari empat pasar tradisional Aceh Besar dan Kota Banda Aceh yaitu Lambaro, Almahira, Setui dan Ulee Kareng selama 6 bulan penelitian. Sampel cadaver unggas dengan suspek ND yang dipilih adalah sampel yang diamati secara patologi anatomi ditandai dengan petechiae/hemorrhage pada trakea, duodenum, proventrikulus, seka tonsil dan otak dengan konfirmasi positif ND menggunakan organ otak, paru dan proventrikulus. Organ-organ tersebut dibuat sediaan imunohistokimia. Perkiraan kerugian ekonomi akibat penyakit ND dengan menjumlahkan kerugian langsung dan tidak langsung ditambah dengan biaya pengendalian. Hasil konfirmasi dengan pewarnaan imunohistokimia menunjukkan virus ND terekspresi positif sebanyak 120 ekor dari total 326 ekor kadaver. Hasil perhitungan prevalensi ND sebesar 36,80% signifikan dibandingkan hipotesis sebesar 15%. Hasil analisis kerugian ekonomi kejadian positif ND di pasar didapatkan Rp. 9.600.000,00 dan Rp.474.500.000,00 dalam suatu farm periode Juli 2022 sampai dengan Desember 2022

Superficial necrolytic dermatitis: first case report in Indonesia and a literature review

Andhika Putra, Vimala Putri Lamsundy, Curtis Plowgian — Wed, 31 Jul 2024 22:21:45 +0700

Superficial necrolytic dermatitis is a rare condition that affects older dogs. It is a fatal disease in which dermatologic signs stem from an abnormality of the liver and/or the pancreas. This paper aims to report a case workup and treatment protocol of superficial necrolytic dermatitis in a patient that presented with lameness. A skin biopsy was performed, and revealed a pathognomonic “red-white-blue” pattern. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed a severe irregular hypoechoic shape nodular pattern and coarse parenchyma with variable size from round and oval. The nodules were surrounded by network of thin hyperechoic strands, forming a “honeycomb/ Swiss cheese-like” pattern. From these findings, a diagnosis of superficial necrolytic dermatitis was made. The patient was treated with a combination of amino acid infusion, liver supplement, and a high-protein diet. However, the patient only lived for four months after diagnosis was made. Clinicians need to be aware that dermatologic lesions may be a manifestation of internal or systemic disease.