Potensi Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas) sebagai Larvasida Hayati Pencegah Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue

  • Dyah Iswantini
  • Adi Riyadhi
  • Upik Kesumawati
  • Rosihan Rosman
  • Djumali Mangunwidjaja
  • Min Rahminiwati
Keywords: Jatropha curcas, oil, Aedes aegypti, biological larvicidal, dengue haemorraghic fever

Abstract

Recently, Indonesia has big problem caused by dengue haemorraghic fever with A. aegypti as vector. Potential medicine and vaccine for curing this disease have not been found. The effective method to prevent this disease is the use of A. aegypti larvicidal. The chemical larvicidal has disadvantage for evironmental aspect. To solve this problem, the biological larvicidal has a good chance to develop. Indonesia has megadiversity which can be developed as biological larvicidal. Crude aqueous extracts and ethanol extracts of Jatropha curcas (Jarak pagar) seed and oil of Jatropha curcas were evaluated for larvicidal potential against the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Among all extracts, Jatropha curcas oil possessed a highest activity against the 3th instar larvae of Aedes. LC50 values of Jatropha curcas oil was 1507 ppm for 24 h and 866 ppm for 48 h. It was suggested that the Croton tiglium oil and Jatropha curcas oil possess larvicidal properties that could be developed and used as biological larvicidal.

 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Dyah Iswantini
Departemen Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan IPA, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Adi Riyadhi
Departemen Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan IPA, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Upik Kesumawati
Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Hewan & Kesmavet, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Rosihan Rosman
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Obat dan Aromatik, Balittro, Bogor
Djumali Mangunwidjaja
Departemen Teknologi Industri Pertanian, Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Min Rahminiwati
Departemen Kimia, Fakultas Matematika dan IPA, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680

References

Adebowale KO, Adedire CO. 2006. Chemical composition and insecticidal properties of the underutilized Jatropha curcas seed oil. Afr J Biotechnol 5(10): 901-906.

Amer A, Mehlhorn H. 2006. Larvicidal effects of various essential oils against Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex larvae (Diptera, Culicidae). J Parasitol Res 99(4): 466-472.

Aminah NS, Sigit SH, Partosoedjono S, Chairul. 2001. S. rarak, D. metel dan E. prostate sebagai Larvisida Aedes aegypti. Cermin Dunia Kedokteran 131: 7-9.

Bandara KA, Kumar V, Jacobsson U, Molleyres LP. 2000. Insecticidal piperidine alkaloid from Microcos paniculata stem bark. J Phytochem 54(1): 29-32.

Banerjee KK, Sen A.1983. Haemolysis of rabbit erythrocytes by a lectin from the seeds of Croton tiglium. J Biosci 5(1):121–129.

Chansang U, Zahiri NS, Bansiddhi J, Boonruad T, Thongsrirak P, Mingmuang J, Benjapong N, Mulla MS. 2005. Mosquito larvicidal activity of aqueous extracts of long pepper (Piper retrofractum Vahl) from Thailand. J Vect Ecol 30(2): 195-200.

George S, Vincent S. 2005. Comparative efficacy of Annona squamosa Linn. and Ponamia glabra Vent. to Azadirachta indica A. Juss against mosquitoes. J Vect Borne dis 42:159-163.

Harborne JB. 1996. Metode fitokimia. Terjemahan Padmawinata K & Soediro L. Bandung: Institut Teknologi Bandung.

Marshall GT, Klocke JA, Lin LJ, Kinghorn AD. 2005. Effects of diterpene esters of tigliane, daphnane, ingenane, and lathyrane types on pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella saunders (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae). J Chem Ecol 11(2):191-206.

Noegroho, Srimulyani, Mulyaningsih. 1997. Aktivitas larvasida minyak atsiri daun jukut Hyptis suaveolens (L) Poit, terhadap larva nyamuk Aedes aegypti, instar IV dan analisis Kromatografi Gas - Spektroskopi Massa. Maj Farm Ind (MFI) 8(4): 11.

Salatino A, Faria ML, Giuseppina N. 2007. Traditional uses, chemistry and pharmacology of Croton species (Euphorbiaceae). J Braz Chem Soc 18(1): 11-33.

Simas NK, Lima EC, Kuster RM, Lage CLS, Oliveira F, Alfredo MT. 2007. Potential use of Piper nigrum ethanol extract against pyrethroid-resistant Aedes aegypti larvae Fonte. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 40(4) : 405-407.

Thangam S, Kathiresan. 1997. Mosquito larvicidal activity of mangrove plant extracts and synergistic activity of Rhizophora apiculata with Pyrethrum against Culex quinquefasciatus. Form Int J Pharm 35(1): 69-71.

Thomas TG, Rao S, Lal S. 2004. Mosquito larvicidal properties of essential oil of an indigenous plant, Ipomoea cairica Linn. Jpn J Infect Dis 57: 176-177.

WHO. 2005. Guidelines for laboratory and field testing of mosquito larvicides. World Health Organization Communicable Disease Control, Prevention and Eradication WHO Pesticide Evaluation Scheme.

Zulkifli N. 2005. Proses pembuatan minyak jarak sebagai bahan bakar alternatif. Laporan penelitian tim Departemen Teknologi Pertanian USU Medan.

Published
2013-03-19
How to Cite
IswantiniD., RiyadhiA., KesumawatiU., RosmanR., MangunwidjajaD., & RahminiwatiM. (2013). Potensi Jarak Pagar (Jatropha curcas) sebagai Larvasida Hayati Pencegah Penyakit Demam Berdarah Dengue. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 16(1), 7-13. Retrieved from https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/JIPI/article/view/6583

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2