The Linkage of pH, P-Availability, and Al-Exchangeable and Improvement Recommendations in Andisol Soil

Rufaidah Qonita Muslim

Rufaidah Qonita Muslim BRIN

Abstract

The Indonesian government has implemented a program to enhance food security known as the Food Estate (FE) in Humbang Hasundutan. This initiative involves cultivating strategic food commodities on large-scale agricultural land. Soil type in Humbang Hasundutan is classified as Andisol which is naturally fertile. Nevertheless, the food and horticultural practices in Andisol scarcely consider soil health, fertility, and sustainability. This study was carried out on Andisols Humbang Hasundutan to determine the factors that constitute the limiting parameters of soil chemistry in terms of supporting sustainable land management. The soil samples were taken from 0 to 30 cm of topsoil at 95 locations based on a grid system. These samples were analyzed for pH, available phosphorus (P), and exchangeable Al (Al_exch). The data were analyzed using correlation tests and clustering the level of soil improvement using the K-Means approach. The results showed that the Andisol in Humbang Hasundutan has acidic pH levels, an extremely high organic carbon (C) content, moderate total nitrogen (N) levels, extremely low total P levels, minimal available P, low base saturation, and significant amounts of Al_exch. Data analysis exhibited a negative correlation between Al and pH. Meanwhile, the availability of P in Andisol was not much influenced by variations in Al_exch values or soil pH. Soil improvement recommendations were categorized into: 60 sites require a combination of very high P fertilizer, 28 sites require a combination of high P fertilizer, and 7 sites require with moderate amounts of P fertilizer, also suppressed Al levels using soil amendments.

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