Cell Dimension and Proportion of Acacia aulacocarpa Wood in Axial and Radial Directions from Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta
Abstract
The information related anatomical characteristics (cell dimension and proportion) of Acacia aulacocarpa is still limited also for its axial and radial variations. This research aimed to analyze variation of the anatomical characteristics in axial and radial direction. Three trees of 27-year-old A. aulacocarpa planted in Gunung Kidul Yogyakarta were used. This research covered a completely randomized design with two factors, the axial direction (base, middle, and top of the trunk) and the radial direction (near pith, between pith and bark, and near bark) in triplicate. A two-way analysis of variants was used. The measured parameters were fiber dimensions (length, diameter, lumen diameter, and wall thickness) and cell proportions (fiber, vessel, ray parenchyma, and axial parenchyma). The results showed that average value of fiber dimensions was as follow: fiber length 0.94 mm; fiber diameter 17.43 µm; lumen diameter 11.75 µm; and fiber wall thickness 2.84 µm. The average value of cell proportions was 52.48% of fibers cell proportion; 17.5% of wood vessel proportion; 15.69% of axial parenchyma proportion; and 16.68% of ray’s parenchyma proportion. The axial position factor does not affect the proportion and dimensions of the fiber. However, the radial position factor affects the proportion of fiber cells, the proportion of wood vessels, the proportion of axial parenchyma, fiber length, lumen diameter, and fiber wall thickness. Fiber length, fiber lumen diameter, cell wall thickness increased from near the pith to the middle and then remained relatively constant toward the bark. Based on these results, it is suspected that the middle and near the bark are mature wood.
Keywords: Acacia aulacocarpa, cell dimension, cell proportion, radial direction, axial direction
Downloads
References
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2020a. Statistik Produksi Kehutanan. Jakarta (ID): Badan Pusat Statistik
Badan Pusat Statistik. 2020b. Statistik Perusahaan Pembudidaya Tanaman Kehutanan 2019. Jakarta (ID): Badan Pusat Statistik.
Bajpai P. 2018. Biermann’s Handbook of Pulp and Paper: Raw Material and Pulp Making. Third Edition., Cambridge (US): Elsevier.
Cordoso S, Sousa VB, Quilho T, Pereira H. 2015. Anatomical variation of teakwood from unmanaged mature plantation in East Timor. Journal of Wood Science. 61: 326–333. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10086-015-1474-y
Depari EK, Wiryono, Susatya A. 2015. Potensi Tegakan kayu bawang (Dysoxylum mollissimum Blume) pada sistem agroforestri sederhana di Kabupaten Bengkulu Utara. Jurnal Hutan Tropis. 3(2): 166–172.
Doran JC, Turnbull JW, Martensz PN, Thomson LAJ, Hall N. 1997. Introduction to the Species’ Digests. In: John C Doran, JW Turnbull, editor. Australian Trees and Shrubs: Species for Land Rehabilitation and Farm Planting in The Tropics. Canberra (AU): Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research.
Gaol NIL, Hidayati F, Nugroho WD, Praptoyo H, Karyanto O, Marsoem SN. 2023. Sifat fisika dan mekanika kayu A. aulacocarpa dari KHDTK Wanagam. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. 28(4): 630–640. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.28.4.630
InsideWood. 2004. Acacia auriculiformis. [internet]. Tersedia pada: https://insidewood.lib.ncsu.edu/description?5. [Diakses pada: 20 August 2021].
InsideWood. 2004. Acacia mangium. [internet]. Tersedia pada: https://insidewood.lib.ncsu.edu/description?4. [Diakses pada: 8 November 2021.
Keanekaragaman Hayati Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. 2020. Acacia aulalocarpa. [internet]. Tersedia pada: http://kehati.jogjaprov.go.id/detailpost/acacia-aulalocarpa. [Diakses pada: 6 February 2021.
Kemenperin. 2018. Perkembangan Regulasi Terbaru Mengenai Industri Pulp dan Kertas termasuk Sertifikasi dan Pemasaran Hasil Hutan Serta Potensi Bisnis Hasil Hutan Lestari. Jakarta (ID) Kementerian Perindustrian Republik Indonesia.
Lempang M, Asdar M. 2006. Struktur anatomi, sifat fisik dan mekanik kayu palado (Aglaia sp.). Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan. 24(2): 171–181. https://doi.org/10.20886/jphh.2006.24.2.171-181
Malinen RO, Pisuttipiched S, Kolehmainen H, Kusuma FN. 2006. Potential of acacia species as pulpwood in Thailand. Appita Journal. 59(3): 190–196.
Panshin AJ, de Zeeuw C. 1980. Textbook of Wood Technology: Structure, Identification, Properties, and Uses of the Commercial Woods of the United States and Canada. Fourth Edition. New York (US): McGraw-Hill.
Pinyopusarerk K. 1997. Acacia aulacocarpa A. Cunn. ex Benth. In IF Hanum, LJG van der Maesen, editors. Plant Resources of South-East Asia 11: Auxiliary plants. Bogor (ID): PROSEA Foundation. Database record: prota4u.org/prosea.
Praptoyo, H. 2005. Studi perbandingan metode sampling bor riap dengan disk untuk pengukuran proporsi dan dimensi serat kayu sengon Salomon (Paraserianthes falcataria, (L.) Nielsen). Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis. 3(2): 16–19. https://doi.org/10.22146/jik.1558
Praptoyo H. 2010. Sifat anatomi dan sifat fisika kayu mindi (Melia azedarach Linn) dari hutan rakyat di Yogyakarta. Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan. 4(1): 21–27.
Rao RV, Anoop EV, Sheena VV, Aruna P, Ajayghosh V. 2011. Anatomical variation in the juvenile wood of acacias grown in the South Indian State of Kerala. Journal of the Indian Academy of Wood Science. 8(2): 130–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13196-012-0055-6
Samariha A. 2011. The Influence of trees's age on the physical properties and fiber length of Eucalyptus camaldulensis in the Zabol Region at Iran. Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research. 8(5): 851–854.
Sharma SK, Shukla SR, Shashikala S, Poornima VS. 2015. Axial variations in anatomical properties and basic density of Eucalypt urograndis hybrid (Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla) clones. Journal of Forestry Research. 26(3): 739–744. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11676-015-0080-6
Shmulsky R, Jones PD. 2019. Forest Products and Wood Science: An Introduction. Seventh edition. Hoboken, New Jersey (US): Wiley Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119426400
Sugesty S, Kardiansyah T, Pratiwi W. 2015. Potensi Acacia crassicarpa sebagai bahan baku pulp kertas untuk hutan tanaman industri. Jurnal Selulosa. 5(1): 21–32. https://doi.org/10.25269/jsel.v5i01.75
Sundari T, Siagian B, Widyanto DN. 2005. Dimensi serat dan proporsi sel pada beberapa variasi umur pohon dan letak radial batang Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. Ex Benth. dari Desa Kedungpoh, Gunungkidul. Proceeding: Seminar Nasional Pengembangan, Pengelolaan, dan Pemanfaatan Hasil Hutan Rakyat di Indonesia. 195–201.
Yahya R, Sugiyama J, Silsia D, Gril J. 2010. Some anatomical features of an Acacia hybrid, A. mangium and A. auriculiformis Grown in Indonesia with Regard to Pulp Yield and Paper Strength. Journal of Tropical Forest Science. 22(3): 343–351.
Zobel BJ, van Buijtenen JP. 1989. Wood Variation: Its Causes and Control. Berlin (DE): Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-74069-5
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This journal is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
View JIPI StatsCounter
