Aplikasi Kultur Jaringan dan Bioteknologi Pada Anggrek
Abstract
Semakin tingginya kebutuhan akan anggrek menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan populasi. Perlu dilakukan perbanyakan anggrek menggunakan teknologi perbanyakan anggrek yang efektif dan efisien melalui kultur jaringan untuk memproduksi anggrek dalam skala besar. Tujuan dari penulisan artikel ini adalah mengintegrasikan studi-studi terkini dan informasi kemajuan-kemajuan yang ditemukan dalam aplikasi teknik propagasi kultur jaringan dan peranan bioteknologi pada tanaman anggrek. Metode yang digunakan dalam artikel ini adalah telaah pustaka ilmiah. Peranan media sangat dibutuhkan dalam keberhasilan kultur jaringan. Media yang umum digunakan dalam kultur anggrek adalah media sederhana, MS, VW, dan KC. Berbagai teknik terbaru dan lebih efisien dalam propagasi anggrek dengan kultur jaringan diantaranya induksi Protocorm Like-bodies, induksi mutasi, penambahan elisitor, dan pemanfaatan bioreaktor. Transformasi genetik pada anggrek menjadi salah satu alternatif yang potensial dalam aspek bioteknologi.
Kata kunci: anggrek, bioteknologi, kultur jaringan
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References
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Cardoso JC, Zanello, Chen CA. 2020. An overview of orchid protocorm-like bodies: Mass propagation, biotechnology, molecular aspects, and breeding. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 21(3): 985
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Chang C, Chang WC. 2003. Cytokinins promotion of flowering in Cymbidium ensifolium var. misericos in vitro. Plant Growth Regul. 39: 217–21.
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Djajanegara, I.2010.Pemanfaatan limbah buah pisang dan air kelapa sebagai bahan media kultur jaringan anggrek bulan (Phalaenopsis amabilis) Tipe 229.J.Tek. Ling. 11 (3): 373-380
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Fauzi MI, Yelli F, Edy A, Utomo SD. 2014. Regenerasi in vitro empat varietas kedelai (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) melalui organogenesis menggunakan eksplan biji yang diimbibisi dan dikecambahkan. J. Agrotek Tropika. 2 (2): 252-257.
Ferziana. 2013. Pengaruh pupuk daun dan arang aktif pada media subkultur ii terhadap pertumbuhan bibit anggrek Phalaenopsis.Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan. 13 (3): 144-150.
Guan P, Shi JM. 2009. Tissue culture of stem segment and induction of floral buds of Dendrobium denndanum. Lishizhen Med Materia Med Res. 20: 205–6.
Handini E, Sukma D, Sudarsono, Roostika I. 2020. Radiosensitivitas dan pertumbuhan in vitro protocorm anggrek ‘tien soeharto’ (Cymbidium hartinahianum J.B. Comber & R.E. Nasution). J. Agron. Indonesia. 48(3):323-330.
Hardjo PH, Binarto CWS, Savitri WD. 2016. Induksi protocorm-like bodies (Plbs) Vanda tricolor Lindl. var. Pallida. Proceeding Seminar Nasional Biodiversitas VI : 172-179.
Hyeonjeong K, Kyung WK, Doo HK, Sivanesan I. 2020. In vitro propagation of Gastrochilus matsuran (Makino) Schltr., an Endangered Epiphytic Orchid.Plants. 9 : 1-10.
Idowu P, Ibitoye D, Ademoyegu O. 2009.Tissue culture as a plant production technique for horticultural crops. African Journal of Biotechnology. 8: 3782-3788
Jia YJ, Cao YL, Wang, B, et al. 2000. Studies of the culture of internode of flower branch of China orchid. J Sichuan Uni (Nat Sci Edition). 3: 94–7.
Kang H, Kang KW, Kim DH, Sivanesan I. 2020. In vitro propagation of Gastrochilus matsuran (Makino) Schltr., an endangered epiphytic orchid. Plants.9(4):1-10.
Kerbauy G. 1984. In vitro flowering of Oncidium varicosum mericlones (Orchidaceae). Plant Sci Lett. 35: 73–5.
Kostenyuk I, Oh BJ, So IS. 1999. Induction of early flowering in Cymbidium niveo-marginatum Mak in vitro. Plant Cell Rep. 19: 1–5.
Kurniadi SK., Irawati F, Putra SED, Hardjo PH. 2023. Induction of protocorm-like bodies (plbs) Phalaenopsis spp. hybrids mutation through ultraviolet irradiation (uv254) and ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS). Agriprima Journal of Applied Agricultural Sciences. 7 (1): 1-15
Kusuma R, Samsurianto S, Azizah W, Yuliatin E. 2023. Respon pertumbuhan protocorm like bodies (plb) anggrek tebu (Grammatophyllum scriptum Blume) terhadap modifikasi media murashige and skoog (ms) secara in vitro. Aspalum : Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian. 11 (1): 42-50.
Lala N, Singh M. Prospects of plant tissue culture in orchid propagation: a review. Indian Jurnal of Biology. 7(2): 103–110.
Lawrie MD Z. Layina D, Ningtias R, Alifianto FN, Indrianto A, Purwantoro A. Semiarti E. 2021. In vitro germination and flowering of Dendrobium capra J.J. Smith, An endemic orchid of java. HAYATI Journal of Biosciences. 28(2): 172-180.
Lestari NKD, Deswiniyanti NW. 2017.Optimalisasi media organik untuk perbanyakan anggrek hitam (Coelogyne pandurata Lindl.) secara in vitro.Jurnal Metamorfosa. 4 (2): 218-223.
Li C, Dong N, Zhao Y, Wu S, Liu Z, Zhai J. 2021. A review for the breeding of orchids: Current achievements and prospects. Horticultural Plant Journal. 7(5): 380–392.
Lisnandar DS, Mudyantini W, Pitoyo P. 2012. Pengaruh pemberian variasi konsentrasi NAA (α-naphthaleneacetic acid) dan 2.4 D terhadap induksi protocorm like bodies (PLB) anggrek macan (Grammatophyllum scriptum (Lindl.). Bioteknologi. 9 (2): 66-72.
Lisnawati H, Rahmi, Widyodaru N. 2022. Pengaruh penambahan kombinasi naa dan bap terhadap pertumbuhan protocorm like bodies (plb) anggrek Dendrobium Sp. secara in vitro. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan. 8 (1): 352-361.
Maharjan S, Thakuri LS, Thapa BB, Pradhan S, Pant KK, Joshi GP, PantB. 2020. In vitro propagation of the endangered orchid Dendrobium chryseum Rolfefrom protocorms culture. Nepal Journal of Science and Technology. 19(1): 39–47.
Meilani SN, Anitasari SD, Zuhro F. 2017. Efektifitas penambahan media organik ekstrak ubi jalar (Ipomoea batatas L.) pada pertumbuhan subkultur anggrek Cattleya sp. Jurnal Florea. 4 (1):5-11.
Mohammadi M, Kaviani B, Sedaghathoor S. 2021. In vivo polyploidy induction of Phalaenopsis amabilis in a bubble bioreactor system using colchicine. Ornam. Hortic. 27 (2) : 204-212.
Parthibhan S, Rao MV, Kumar. 2015. In vitro regeneration from protocorms in Dendrobium aqueum Lindley – An imperiled orchid.Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. 13 (2): 227-233.
Paul S, Kumaria S, Tandon P.2012. An effective nutrient medium for asymbiotic seed germination and large-scale in vitro regeneration of Dendrobium hookerianum, a threatened orchid of northeast India.AoB PLANTS. 1-7.
Prasetyorini. 2019. Kultur jaringan. Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat Universitas Pakuan, Bogor Tengah.
Pujasatria G, Miura C, Kaminaka K. 2020. In vitro symbiotic germination: a revitalized heuristic approach for orchid species conservation. Plants. 9 :1-15.
Putri M.S, Yuliani HE, Kurniawati S, Putri WR, Amin HN, Rahayu P. 2023. Literature review : pembelajaran kultur jaringan untuk menumbuhkan science motivation. Prosiding Webinar Biofair. 23-34.
Restanto DP, Kriswanto B, Khozim M, Soeparjono S. 2018. Kajian thidiazuron (tdz) dalam induksi plb anggrek Phalaenopsis sp secara in vitro. Agritop. 16 (1): 176-185.
Restanto DP, Putri WK. 2022. Inovasi teknologi kultur jaringan untuk perbanyakan masal anggrek di chandra nursery sukorambi jember. Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Ipteks. 8 (1): 61-68.
Restanto DP, Fariroh I, Sukmawati ASD, Hidayat VN, Avivi S,. Al Farisy FK. 2023. Produksi bibit anggrek kualitas ekspor secara in vitro di dd orchid nursery, batu, jawa timur. Abditani : Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat. 6 (1): 78-84
Rojanawong T, Thepsithar C, Thongpukdee A. 2006. Micropropagation of Phalaenopsis Cygnus ‘silky moon’ from leaf segments. Proceedings of the 32nd Congress on Science and Technology of Thailand.
Romeida A, Sutjahjo SH, Purwito A, Sukma D, Rustikawati. 2012. Induksi mutasi protocorm like body (plb) anggrek spathoglottis plicata blume. aksesi bengkulu pada sebelas taraf dosis iradiasi sinar gamma. Prosiding Simposium dan Seminar Bersama PERAGI-PERHORTI-PERIPI-HIGI. 381-387.
Semiarti EA, Purwontoro, Mercuriani IS, Sasongko AB, Slamet A, Utami BS. 2014. Regulasi genetik inisiasi pembungaan pada tanahan anggrek Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) blume pada kultur in vitro. Seminar Nasional Bioteknologi. Universitas Gajah Mada: 1-9.
Shah S, Shah B, Sharma R, Rekadwad B, Shouche YS, Sharma J, Pant JB. 2022. Colonization with non-mycorrhizal culturable endophytic fungi enhances orchid growth and indole acetic acid production. BMC Microbiology. 22 (101) : 1-13.
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Published
2024-11-19
How to Cite
Mukhamad Su’udi. (2024). Aplikasi Kultur Jaringan dan Bioteknologi Pada Anggrek. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, (00). Retrieved from https://journal.ipb.ac.id/index.php/JIPI/article/view/52635
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Articles
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