Respons Tanaman Padi Pada Media Tanam Tanpa-Tanah Berbasis Irigasi Berselang
Abstract
Rice cultivation without land as an urban farming method is carried out to produce food in a subsistence manner. This experiment aimed to examine the response of rice plants to non-soil planting media based on alternate wetting-drying irrigation. This work was conducted at the screen house in Sumberjeruk Village, Jember Regency (8°07'42.9" S and 113°47'09.3" E) from January to May 2022, using a factorial, fully randomized design of 2-factors with 3-replications. The planting medium without soil (husk:water) as the first factor consists of 4 compositions (v/v): 0:1, 1:4, 1:6, and 1:8 (total volume of 25-L media), while variety as the second factor consists of Inpari 46 and IR 64. The results showed that the combination treatment (husk: water) 1:6 and Inpari 46 had a significant effect on the number of productive tillers (25.17 stems) and grain weight per hill (34.07 g). The planting medium of non-soil husk: water 1:6 gave no significant value to husk: water 1:4 on the total number of grains (124.21 grains) and full grains (83.52 grains). The Inpari 46 varieties showed the highest value for the total number of grains (133.07 grains), the number of full grains (84.88 grains), and the weight of 1000-seeds (22.43 g). The application of husks and water as a planting medium with the right ratio is an ideal medium for landless rice cultivation since it can supply oxygen to the media.
Keywords: growth, production, rice, subsistence farming, soilless
Downloads
References
Ahadiyat YR, Ardiansyah. 2020. Aplikasi pemupukan pada system of rice intensification terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil padi saat musim kemarau. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan. 20(3): 213‒217. https://doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v20i3.1713
Alam MS, Baki MA, Sultana MS, Ali KJ, Islam MS. 2012. Effect of variety, spacing and number of seedlings per hill on the yield potentials of transplant aman rice. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research. 2(12): 10‒15.
Asmana MS, Abdullah SH, Putra GMD. 2017. Analisis keseragaman aspek fertigasi pada desain sistem hidroponik dengan perlakuan kemiringan talang. Jurnal Ilmiah Rekayasa Pertanian dan Biosistem. 5(1): 303‒315. https://doi.org/10.29303/jrpb.v5i1.41
[BPPP] Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. 2014. Kumpulan deskripsi varietas padi. BPTP Jateng. Ungaran (ID).
[BPPP] Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. 2019. Varietas Inpari 46 GSR TDH. [Internet]. [Diakses 19 Oktober 2022]. Tersedia pada: http://www.litbang.pertanian.go.id/varietas.php/1385/
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2021. Hasil sensus penduduk 2020. Berita Resmi Statistik. No. 7/01/Th. XXIV: 1‒52.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. 2021. Luas panen dan produksi padi di Indonesia 2020. Badan Pusat Statistik. Jakarta (ID).
Badan Pusat Statistik [BPS]. 2022. Luas panen dan produksi padi di Indonesia 2021 (angka tetap). Berita Resmi Statistik. No. 21/03/Th. XXV: 1‒14.
Berman O, Pasaribu P. 2021. Studi antropologi ekonomi petani kopi arabika di Desa Sinaman II Kecamatan Pamatang Sidamanik Kabupaten Simalungun. Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi dan Antropologi. 5(2): 62‒75. https://doi.org/10.20961/habitus.v5i2.59771
Budianto MB, Supriadi A, Hidayat S, Salehudin S. 2020. Model irigasi hemat air perpaduan system of rice intensification (SRI) dengan alternate wetting-drying (AWD) pada padi sawah. Jurnal Teknik Pengairan. 11(2): 128‒136. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.pengairan.2020.011.02.06
Buida RK, Kandowangko D, Montong VB. 2021. Pengendalian hama walang sangit (Leptocorisa acuta Thunb.) dengan menggunakan perangkap bangkai ikan dan keong pada tanaman padi. Cocos. 7(7): 1‒10. https://doi.org/10.35791/cocos.v7i7.36419
Carrijo DR, Mark EL, Bruce AL. 2017. Rice yields and water use under alternate wetting-drying irrigation: a meta-analysis. Field Crops Research. 203: 173‒180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2016.12.002
Damanhuri, Widodo TW, Muhklisin I. 2022. Effect of soilless media with alternate wetting-drying (AWD) as basic irrigation on the growth of two varieties of rice. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 980: 1‒4. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/980/1/012054
Dulbari, Santosa E, Koesmaryono Y, Sulistyono E. 2018. Pendugaan kehilangan hasil pada tanaman padi rebah akibat terpaan angin kencang dan curah hujan tinggi. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 46(1): 17‒23. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v46i1.14376
Garba AA, Mahmoud BA, Adamu Y, Ibrahim U. 2013. Effect of variety, seed rate and row spacing on the growth and yield of rice in Bauchi, Nigeria. African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development. 13(4): 8155‒8166.
Hadi DK, Reny H, Widodo, Helfi ES., Mukhtasar, Eko S. 2020. Respons pertumbuhan dan hasil lima genotipe padi F1 terhadap pupuk organik tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) pada tanah ultisol. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. 22(2): 106‒113. https://doi.org/10.31186/jipi.22.2.106-113
Humaerah AD. 2013. Budi daya padi (Oryza sativa) dalam wadah dengan berbagai jenis pupuk pada sistem tanam berbeda. Jurnal Agribisnis. 7(2): 199‒210. https://doi.org/10.15408/aj.v7i2.5179
Kartina N, Wibowo BP, Widyastuti Y, RumantiI A, Satoto. 2017. Korelasi dan sidik lintas karakter agronomi padi hibrida. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. 21(2): 76‒83. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.21.2.76
Krisna B, Putra ETS, Rogomulyo R, Kastono D. 2017. Pengaruh pengayaan oksigen dan kalsium terhadap pertumbuhan akar dan hasil selada keriting (Lactuca sativa L.) pada hidroponik rakit apung. Vegetalika. 6(4): 14‒27. https://doi.org/10.22146/veg.30900
Lestari AT, Kartahadimaja J, Hakim NA 2017. Uji daya hasil empat galur padi generasi ke empat di lahan Politeknik Negeri Lampung. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan. 17(3): 165‒169. https://doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v17i3.298
Mahfuzin NA, Respati SMB, Dzulfikar M. 2020. Analisis filter keramik berpori berbasis zeolit alam dan arang sekam padi dalam menurunkan kandungan partikel air sumur galian. Momentum. 16(1): 63‒68. https://doi.org/10.36499/jim.v16i1.3363
Masyhudi AJ, Mamilianti W. 2017. Kajian penerapan budi daya padi sri dari aspek sustainable agriculture. Agromix. 5(1): 22‒35. https://doi.org/10.35891/agx.v5i1.695
Moningka CNG, Ludong, Daniel PM, Rumambi DP. 2020. Kajian irigasi mikro pada sistem hidroponik padi (Oryza sativa L.) varietas serayu dalam rumah tanaman. Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian. 11(1): 21‒26. https://doi.org/10.35791/jteta.11.1.2020.29981
Muttaqien MI, Rahmawati D. 2019. Karakter kualitatif dan kuantitatif beberapa varietas padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap cekaman salinitas (NaCl). Agriprima. 3(1): 42‒53. https://doi.org/10.25047/agriprima.v3i1.94
Prasetia AA, Jazilah S, Badrudin U. 2022. Pengaruh sistem tanam terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi beberapa varietas tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.). Biofarm. 18(1): 53‒61. https://doi.org/10.31941/biofarm.v18i1.1887
Purba R, Giametri Y. 2017. Keragaan hasil dan keuntungan usahatani padi dengan introduksi varietas unggul di Provinsi Banten. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. 22(1): 13‒19. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.22.1.13
Qurrohman BFT, Ginandjar S. 2018. Ekstrak silika sekam padi pupuk cair fungsional hidroponik padi. Bandung (ID): Pusat Penelitian dan Penerbitan UIN SGD Bandung.
Rusmawan D, Muzammil. 2019. Penggunaan VUB padi untuk pemanfaatan lahan bekas tambang pasir kuarsa di Belitung Timur. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan. 19(2): 146‒151. https://doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v19i2.1512
Rofiyana A, Laksono RA, Syah B. 2021. Pertumbuhan dan hasil baby kailan (Brassica oleraceae Var. Acephala) kultivar New Veg Gin dengan waktu aktivasi aerator dan perbedaan nilai EC pada sistem hidroponik rakit apung (floating raft). Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan. 7(8): 289‒299. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5767638
Saidi BB, Hendri J, Primilestari S. 2020. Pengkajian teknologi pengelolaan air pada budi daya padi di lahan sawah bukaan baru. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Terapan Universitas Jambi. 4(4): 74‒80. https://doi.org/10.22437/jiituj.v4i1.10303
Setiani. 2016. Penggunaan input dalam produksi padi oleh rumah tangga petani di daerah agroekosistem lahan sawah dan kering. Agromix. 7(2): 42‒56. https://doi.org/10.35891/agx.v7i2.710
Shaibur M, Shamim A, Kawai S. 2008. Growth responsse of hydroponic rice seedlings at elevated concentrations of potassium chloride. Journal of Agriculture & Rural Development. 6(1): 55‒61. https://doi.org/10.3329/jard.v6i1.1656
Singgih M, Prabawati K, Abdulloh D. 2019. Bercocok tanam mudah dengan sistem hidroponik NFT. Abdikarya. 3(1): 21‒24.
Suprayogi S, Suprihati. 2021. Pengaruh kemiringan talang terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil dua varietas pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.) dengan sistem hidroponik nutrient film technique. Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung. 10(1): 96‒103. https://doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v10i1.96-103
Suprianto, Cahrial E, Nuryaman H. 2019. Faktor-faktor pendorong alih fungsi lahan sawah di Kota Tasikmalaya. Agristan. 1(1): 12‒30. https://doi.org/10.37058/ja.v1i1.1364
Sutrisna N, Ruswandi A, Surdianto Y. 2018. Pengaruh sistem irigasi berselang dan jarak tanam legowo terhadap produktivitas padi dan emisi gas rumah kaca (GRK). Creative Research Journal. 4(1): 37‒42. https://doi.org/10.34147/crj.v4i01.174
Swasono MAH, Fuad IL. 2017. Optimasi teknik budi daya padi SRI2 (sustainable rhizosphere improvement innovations) pada pola tanam berbeda menggunakan vermicompost. Agromix. 5(1): 57‒67. https://doi.org/10.35891/agx.v5i1.698
Tilahun ZM. 2019. Effect of row spacing and nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield and yield components of rice varieties. World Scientific News. 116: 180‒193.
Virha FA, Bastamansyah, Bayfurqon FM. 2020. Pengaruh sistem aerasi dan pemangkasan akar terhadap produksi bayam merah (Amaranthus tricolor L.) pada hidroponik rakit apung. Agrotekma. 5(1): 82‒91. https://doi.org/10.31289/agr.v5i1.4633
Wachid A, Mintono. 2017. Produktivitas padi (Oryza sativa L.) varietas IR-64 menggunakan metode system of rice intensification (SRI) dengan beberapa model tanam (tegel dan legowo). Nabatia. 5(2): 91‒99. https://doi.org/10.21070/nabatia.v5i2.864
Wahyuni S, Lande ML, Zulkifli, Handayani TT. 2018. Efek ekstrak air daun kirinyuh (Cromolaena odorata [L.] R.M. King & H. Rob) terhadap pertumbuhan padi sawah (Oryza sativa L.) varietas mekongga pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan. 18(2): 116‒122. https://doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v18i2.607
Widodo TW, Damanhuri. 2021. Pengaruh dosis nitrogen terhadap pembentukan tunas dan pertumbuhan padi ratun (Oryza sativa L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Inovasi. 21(1): 50‒53. https://doi.org/10.25047/jii.v21i1.2635
Widodo TW, Damanhuri, Muhklisin I, Susanti AM. 2023. Respons pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi fungsional terhadap penambahan sekam dalam budidaya soilless. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Terapan. 23(4): 533‒537. http://dx.doi.org/10.25181/jppt.v23i4.2987
Widodo TW, Damanhuri, Muhklisin I, Titale IA. 2022. Produksi 3 varietas tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) pada sistem budi daya soilless berbasis irigasi intermittent sebagai metode urban farming. Jurnal Ilmiah Inovasi. 22(2): 184‒193. https://doi.org/10.25047/jii.v22i2.3352
Yulianto B, Kusmiyati F, Pramono A. 2020. Pengaruh pengelolaan air dan bahan organik terhadap produktivitas air dan potensi hasil padi (Oryza sativa L.). Buana Sains. 20(2): 111‒120. https://doi.org/10.33366/bs.v20i2.2230
Copyright (c) 2023 Sonia Budiarti, Tirto Wahyu Widodo, Damanhuri, Ilham Muhklisin, Dian Agustina
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This journal is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
View JIPI StatsCounter
