Efektivitas Pengapuran dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Tanaman Sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) sebagai Hijauan Pakan Ternak
Abstract
Sorghum is a potential crop as feed forage. The objective of the research was to obtain optimum dose of liming to improve the growth and productivity of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) biomass as feed forage. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replications were applied for the research. The treatments were doses of dolomite lime addition i.e., 1) SD0 (dolomite lime addition at a dose of 0 ton/ha) as a control, 2) SD1 (dolomite lime addition at a dose of 1 ton/ha), 3) SD2 (dolomite lime addition at a dose of 2 ton/ha), and 4) SD3 (dolomite lime addition at a dose of 3 ton/ha). The result shows that supplementation of dolomite lime at doses of 2‒3 tons ha-1 can increase soil pH after a week of incubation. The dolomite lime addition at a dose of 3 tons ha-1 significantly increases (P<0.05) the plant height (2 weeks after planting) and the number of leaves from a week after planting until the end of the research (10 weeks after planting). In addition, this dose of dolomite addition (3 tons/ha) can increase fresh biomass productivity as well as dry biomass compared to control (SD0). In conclusion, supplementation of dolomite lime at a dose of 3 tons ha-1 was effective to increase the pH value of soil, plant height, leaves number, as well as fresh and dry biomass of sorghum plant. In addition, this dose of dolomite lime produces better green color of sorghum plant leaf compared to without liming.
Keywords: biomass production, dolomite lime, feed forage, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench
Downloads
References
Amelia D, Khalil M, Muyassir. 2018. Analisis metode kebutuhan kapur pada ultisol dan hubungannya dengan sifat kimia tanah dan pertumbuhan jagung (Zea mays L.). Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian. 3(1): 433‒452.
Biba MA. 2011. Prospek Pengembangan Sorgum untuk Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi. Iptek Tanaman Pangan. 6(2): 257‒269.
Butchee K, Arnall DB, Sutradhar A, Godsey C, Zhang H, Penn C. 2012. Determining Critical Soil pH for Grain Sorghum Production. International Journal of Agronomy. 2012: 1‒6. https://doi.org/10.1155/ 2012/130254
Godang AY, Nurmi, Pembengo W. 2019. Pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman sorgum (Sorghum bicolor L. moench) pada sistem tumpangsari dengan tanaman kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.) melalui pemupukan NPK phonska. Jurnal Agroteknotropika. 8(1): 8‒17.
Hajardi SS, Yahya S. 1988. Fisiologi Stress Lingkungan. PAU Bioteknologi IPB. Bogor (ID): IPB press
Holland JE, Bennett AE, Newton AC, White PJ, McKenzie BM, George TS, Pakeman RJ, Bailey JS, Fornara DA, Hayes RC. 2018. Liming impacts on soils, crops and biodiversity in the UK: A review. Science of The Total Environment. 610‒611: 316‒332. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017. 08.020
Karaivazoglou NA, Tsotsolis NC, Tsadilas CD. 2007. Influence of liming and form of nitrogen fertilizer on nutrient uptake, growth, yield, and quality of Virginia (flue-cured) tobacco. Field Crops Research. 100 (1) : 52-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2006.05.006
Kasim N. 2000. Eksudasi dan akumulasi asam organik pada beberapa kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) genotype toleran alumunium. [Thesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Kochian LV. 1995. Celluler mechanism of aluminum toxicity and resistance in plant. Annual Review of Plant Physiology and Plant Molecular Biology. 46: 237‒260. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp. 46.060195.001321
Kurniasih, Jubaedah D, Syaifudin M. 2019. Pemanfaatan kapur dolomit [CaMg(CO3)2] untuk meningkatkan pH air rawa lebak pada pemeliharaan benih ikan patin siam (Pangasius hypophthalmus). Jurnal Akuakultur Rawa Indonesia. 7(1): 1‒12. https://doi.org/ 10.36706/jari.v7i1.9018
Liao P, Huang S, van Gestel NC, Zeng Y, Wu Z, van Groenigen KJ. 2018. Liming and straw retention interact to increase nitrogen uptake and grain yield in a double rice-cropping system. Field Crops Research. 216: 217‒224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr. 2017.11.026
Mardhika LD, Sudradjat. 2015. Respons pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis) belum menghasilkan umur dua tahun terhadap pemupukan kalsium. Buletin Agrohorti. 3(1): 110–118. https:// doi.org/10.29244/agrob.v3i1.14834
Marschner P. 2012. Marschner's Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants. 3rd Edition. San Diego (US): Academic Press
Nurhayati, Razali, Zuraida. 2014. Peranan berbagai jenis bahan pembenah tanah terhadap status hara P dan perkembangan akar kedelai pada tanah gambut asal Ajamu Sumatera Utara. Jurnal Floratek. 9: 29–38
Nuryani E, Haryono G, Historiawati. 2019. Pengaruh dosis dan saat pemberian pupuk P terhadap hasil tanaman buncis (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) tipe tegak. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Tropika dan Subtropika. 4(1): 14‒17
Pramono AA, Syamsuwida D, Djam’an DF. 2017. Produksi buah dan benih mahoni (Swietenia macrophylla) di Parung Panjang dan Jonggol (Bogor, Jawa Barat) serta kaitannya dengan status kesuburan tanah. In: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia. Bali, 8‒10 December 2017. 3(3): 381‒389.
Sudianto E, Ezward C, Mashadi. 2018. Pengaruh pemberian dolomit dan pupuk kotoran sapi terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi padi sawah (Oryza sativa L.) menggunakan tanah sawah bukaan baru. Jurnal Sains Agro. 3(1): 1–16.
Suharta N. 2010. Karakteristik dan permasalahan tanah marginal dari batuan sedimen masam di Kalimantan. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian. 29(4): 139‒146
Sumarwan S, Arman Y. 2015. Pengaruh kapur dolomit terhadap nilai resistivitas tanah gambut. Prisma Fisika. 3(2): 47‒50
Suminar R, Suwarto, Purnamawati H. 2017. Pertumbuhan dan hasil sorgum di tanah latosol dengan aplikasi dosis pupuk nitrogen dan fosfor yang berbeda. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 45(3): 271‒277. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v45i3.14515
Sungkono, Trikoesoemaningtyas T, Wirna D, Sopandie D, Human S, Yudiarto MA. 2009. Pendugaan parameter genetik dan seleksi galur mutan sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) di tanah masam. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 37(3): 220–225.
Sutedjo MM. 1999. Pupuk dan Cara Pemupukan. Jakarta (ID) : PT. Rineka Cipta.
Tan KH. 1998. Principle of Soil Chemistry. 3rd Edition. Switzerland (CH): Marcel Dekker Inc.
von Tucher S, Horndl D, Schmidhalter U. 2017. Interaction of soil pH and phosphorus efficacy: Long-term effects of P fertilizer and lime applications on wheat, barley, and sugar beet. Ambio. 47(1): 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-017-0970-2
Zhao MH, Li X, Zhang XX, Zhang H, Zhao XY. 2020. Mutation mechanism of leaf color in plants: A Review. Forests. 11(851): 1‒19. https://doi.org/ 10.3390/f11080851
This journal is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
View JIPI StatsCounter
