Efektivitas Konsentrat Papain Bubuk, Getah Pepaya Segar, dan Papain Komersial sebagai Koagulan dalam Pembuatan Dangke
Abstract
Dangke is a milk-based dish in which the papain coagulates casein. This study aims to test the effectiveness of powdered papain concentrate, fresh papaya sap, and commercial papain as a coagulant agent in the dangke preparation with three additional levels of enzyme activity in each type of papain. The resulting dangke was tested physically, chemically, and organoleptically to determine the type of papain and the enzyme's activity level most effectively as a coagulant. The three enzyme activity levels used were 217.14, 434,29, and 651.44 AU/mg with a heating temperature of 100.16°C. The experiment used a randomized group design factorial pattern with three replications. Testing on the physical properties of the two types of papain showed results that did not differ significantly (P>0.05) for the whey weight but differed significantly for the yield. The results of the chemical properties test showed significantly different results (P<0.05) on the protein level. Based on hedonic quality tests, the dangke that is liked was chewy in texture, white in color, predominantly milky, has a distinctive dangke taste, and does not taste bitter. The hedonic quality on Anova test indicated a significantly different result (P<0.05) for all tested parameters. The best papain as a coagulant in dangke making was fresh sap papain and freeze-dried papain with the addition of the lowest level of enzyme activity, or level one.
Keywords: coagulant, dangke, enzyme activity, organoleptic, papain
Downloads
References
Amri E. 2012. Papain, a plant enzyme of biologicalimportance. American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotecnology. 8(2): 99‒104. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajbbsp.2012.99.104
Arief II, Jakaria, Suryati T, Wulandari Z, Andreas E. 2013. Isolation and caracterization of plantaricin produced by Lactobacillus plantarum Strain (IIA-IA5, IIA-1B1, IIA-2B2). Media Peternakan. 36(2): 91‒100. https://doi.org/10.5398/medpet.2013.36.2.91
Arinda AF, Sumarmono J, Sulistyowati M. 2013. Pengaruh bahan pengasam dan kondisi susu sapi terhadap hasil rendemen, keasaman, kada air dan ketegaran (firmness) keju tipe mozarella. Jurnal Ilmiah Peternakan. 1(2): 456‒462.
Baehaki A, Rinto, Budiman A.2011. Isolasi dan karakterisasi protease dari bakteri tanah Indalaya, Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal. Teknologu Industri Pangan. 22(1): 37‒42. https://doi.org/10.31258/jnat.14.1.114-119
Benimana F, Potoroko IY, Bagale U, Oliver M, Felicien K. 2020. Protease actifity in flesh leaves of bidens pilosa. International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research. 1(9): 3108‒31111.
Cahyono B. 2013. Kiat Sukses Bisnis Getah Pepaya. Jakarta (ID): Pustaka Mina.
Gasperz, Vincent. 1991. Teknik Analisis dalam Penelitian Percobaan. Bandung (ID): Peberbit Tarsito.
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ.1951. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193‒265. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9258(19)52451-6
Musra NI, Yasni S, Syamsir E. 2021. Karakterisasi keju dangke menggunakan enzim papain komersial dan perubahan fisik selama penyimpanan. Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan. 32(1): 27‒35. https://doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2021.32.1.27
Pulungan MH, Kamilia MM, Dewi IA. 2020. Optimasi konsentrasi enzim papain dan suhu pemanasan pada pada pembuatan dangke dengan RSM. JTP. 1(1): 21. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jtp.2020.021.01.7
Risnawati M, Cahyaningrum SE. 2013. Pengaruh penambahan ion logam ca2+ trhadap aktivitas enzim papain. Unesa J Chem. 2(1): 76‒83.
Sani RN, Fithri CN, Ria DA, Jaya MM. 2014. Analisis rendem dan skrining fitokimia ekstrak etanol mikroalga laut tetraselmis chuii.Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri. 2(2): 21‒126
Setyaningsih D, Apriyantono A, Sari MP. 2010. Analisis Sensori Untuk Industri Pangan Dan Argo. Bogor (ID): IPB Press
Sulistyo B, Chairunnisa H, Wulandari E. 2018. Pengaruh penggunaan kombinasi enzim papain dan jus lemon sebagai koagulan terhadap kadar air, bobot rendeman, dan nilai kesukaan fresh cheese. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak. 18(1): 9‒16. https://doi.org/10.24198/jit.v18i1.15299
Sulmiyati S, Said NS. 2018. Karakteristik dangke susu kerbau dengan penambahan crude papain Kering. Jurnal Agritech. 38(3): 345‒352.
Sulmiyati, Malaka R. 2017. Karakteristik fisik dan kimia air dadih (whey) dangke dengan level enzim papain yang berbeda. JITP. 5(2): 102‒105. https://doi.org/10.22146/agritech.24331
Usmiati S, Marwati T. 2007. Seleksi dan optimasi proses produksi bakteorisin dari Lactobacillus sp. Jurnal Pascapanen. 4(1): 27‒37.
Warisno. 2003. Budidaya Pepaya. Yogyakarta (ID): Kanisius.
Winarno FG. 1982. Enzim Pangan. Gramedia. Jakarta (ID): Gramedia
This journal is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.