Peningkatan Kualitas Kimia Tanah Sulfat Masam dengan Aplikasi Kombinasi Bahan Organik Lokal dan Limbah Agroindustri
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to assess effect of compost treatment from various local organic materials combined with agro-industrial waste to improved chemical quality of acid sulfate mineral soils, to compare of root dry weight and grain weight milled dryness of Inpara-3. This research was conducted at screen house of Polytechnic Hasnur, Barito Kuala District, South Kalimantan from November 2020 to June 2021. This study used Compeletely Randomized Design (CRD) with Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) test a=5%. There were 7 treatments used as, K0 = control. JKD = paddy straw compost 4 t ha-1 and solid decanter 2 t ha-1; JKR = paddy straw compost 4 t ha-1 and solid crumb rubber 2 t ha-1; SKD = empty fruit bunch compost 4 t ha-1 and solid decanter 2 t ha-1; SKR = empty fruit bunch compost 4 t ha-1 and solid crumb rubber 2 t ha-1; PKD = compost of purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) 4 t ha-1 and solid decanter 2 t ha-1; PKR = compost of purun tikus 4 t ha-1 and LPKR 2 t ha-1. The treatment was 5 replication so that 35 experimental plant units. The results showed compost paddy straw combinated solid decanter reducing concentration of soluble Fe and Al and can increasing availability of P and K. Treatment of compost empty fruit bunch combinated solid decanter can be increasing pH and total N-mineral. Compost paddy straw combinated solid crumb rubber gave increasing weight on root dry and grain milled dryness.
Keywords: acid sulfate soil; agroindustrial wasted; compost
Downloads
References
Abdillah MH. 2021. Pengomposan tandan kosong kelapa sawit menggunakan berbagai efektif mikroorganisme lokal. Agrotechno: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Pertanian. 6(1): 17–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.24843/JITPA.2021.v06.i01.p03
Abdillah MH, Aldi M. 2020. Aplikasi limbah padat karet remah pada tanah podsolik merah kuning terhadap ketersediaan hara makro dan perbaikan sifat fisika tanah. EnviroScienteae. 16(2): 264–275. https://doi.org/10.20527/es.v16i2.9658
Abdillah MH, Effendi NR, Rusnandar N. 2020. Karakteristik fisik dan kimia limbah padat industri karet remah dengan masa inkubasi berbeda. Agrisains. 6(1): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.46365/agrs.v6i01.377
Abdillah MH, Saidy AR, Wahdah R. 2020. Pertumbuhan dan produksi padi varietas Inpara-3 pada tanah tergenang yang diberikan abu batubara. Rawa Sains. 10(1): 772–779. https://doi.org/10.36589/rs.v10i1.108
Al-jabri M. 2013. Teknologi uji tanah untuk penyusunan rekomendasi pemupukan berimbang tanaman padi sawah. Pengembang Inovasi Pertanian. 6(1): 11–22.
Andayani S, Hayat ES. 2019. Pengayaan kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit dengan lumpur laut dan biochar sekam padi pada tanaman padi di tanah sulfat masam. Agritech. 21(1): 45–54.
Anggria L, Rustaman T, Kasno A. 2014. Nitrogen dynamic from applied rice straw compost in flooded soil. Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim. 36(2): 89–94.
Annisa W, Hanudin E. 2013. Peran ligan organik terhadap pembentukan oksida besi di tanah sulfat masam. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan, 7(1): 37–46. https://doi.org/10.2018/jsdl.v7i1.6428
Annisa W, Purwanto BH, Shiddieq D. 2011. Pemberian jerami padi dan purun tikus pada berbagai tingkat dekomposisi terhadap konsentrasi besi dalam tanah dan serapan besi oleh padi di tanah sulfat masam. Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim. 12(edisi khusus): 26-29.
Annisa W, Subagio H. 2016. Analisis profil pengaruh bahan organik terhadap konsentrasi besi ferro dan serapannya di lahan rawa pasang surut. Jurnal Informatika Pertanian. 25(2): 241–248.
Asikin S, Thamrin M. 2012. Manfaat purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) pada ekosistem sawah rawa. Jurnal Litbang Pertanian. 31(1): 35–42.
Barus J. 2011. Uji efektivitas kompos jerami dan pupuk NPK terhadap hasil padi. Jurnal Agrivivor. 10(3): 247–252.
BPS. 2021. Luas panen, produksi, dan produktivitas padi menurut provinsi 2018-2021. [internet]. [diakses 12 September 2021] tersedia pada https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/53/1498/1/luas-panen-produksi-dan-produktivitas-padi-menurut-provinsi.html.
Burnett AC. 2019. Source – sink relationships. In eLS (pp. 31–42). (John Wiley & Sons) Ltd Chicheher. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470015902.a0001304.pub2
Cahya P. 2021. Pengaruh pemberian kotoran ayam dan kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit terhadap besi larut dan aluminium dapat tukar pada lahan pasang surut. [Skripsi]. Banjarbaru (ID): Lambung Mangkurat University.
Druchok M, Holovko M, Bryk T. 2004. A molecular dynamics study of Al3+ in water: Hydrolysis effects. Condensed Matter Physics. 7(4): 699–707. https://doi.org/10.5488/cmp.7.4.699
Duaja MD, Kartika E, Fransisca DC. 2020. Pemanfaataan limbah padat pabrik kelapa sawit dan pupuk anorganik pada tanaman kailan (Brassica alboglabra) di tanah bekas tambang batubara. Agric. 32(1): 29–38. https://doi.org/10.24246/agric.2020.v32.i1.p29-38
Embrandiri A, Rupani PF, Ismail SA, Singh RP, Ibrahim MH, Kadir MO. 2016. The effect of oil palm decanter cake on the accumulation of nutrients and the stomatal opening of Solanum melongena (brinjal) plants. International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture. 5(2): 141–147. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40093-016-0124-8
Fahmi A, Radjagukguk B, Purwanto BH. 2009. Kelarutan fosfat dan ferro pada tanah sulfat masam yang diberi bahan organik jerami padi. Journal of Tropical Soils. 14(2): 119–125. https://journal.unila.ac.id/index.php/tropicalsoil/article/view/290/309
Hairani A, Susilawati A. 2013. Changes of soil chemical properties during rice straw decomposition in different types of acid sulphate soils. Jounal of Tropical Soil. 18(2): 99–103. https://doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.99
Hartatik W, Setyorini D. 2008. Validasi rekomendasi pemupukan NPK dan pupuk organik pada padi sawah. Seminar Nasional dan Dialog Sumberdaya Lahan Pertanian, 275–283.
Hartatik W, Sulaiman, Kasno A. 2006. Perubahan Sifat Kimia Tanah dan Ameliorasi Sawah Bukaan Baru. In Lahan Sawah Bukaan Baru (pp. 53–75). IAARD Press.
Ibrahim Z, Ahmad M, Aziz AA, Ramli R, Hassan K, Alias AH. 2019. Properties of chemically treated oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fibres. Journal of Advanced Research in Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences. 57(1): 57–68.
Ifansyah H, Saidy AR. 2019. Sifat kimia tanah dan pertumbuhan tanaman padi yang dipupuk dengan kompos jerami diperkaya azotobacter pada sistem pertanaman SRI dan konvensional. Seminar Nasional Lingkungan Lahan Basah. 4(1): 60–64.
Indriyati LT, Sabiham S, Kadarusman LK, Situmorang R. 2008. Transformasi nitrogen dalam tanah tergenang : Aplikasi jerami padi dan kompos jerami padi. Jurnal Tanah Tropika. 13(3): 189–197.
Kaparang G, Paulus MJ, Walingkas SA. 2017. Pemberian pupuk NPK dan kompos jerami pada pertumbuhan dan hasil padi (Oryza sativa L) metode SRI (System of Rice Intensification). Cocos. 1(6): 17–24.
Karlova R, Boer D, Hayes S, Testerink C. 2021. Root plasticity under abiotic stress. Plant Physiology. 187(3): 1057–1070. https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiab392
Khairullah I. 2016. Urgensi pemilihan varietas untuk meningkatkan produktivitas padi di lahan rawa. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Inovasi Teknologi Pertanian, 244–250.
Koesrini, Nurzakiah S, Mayasari V, Rina Y. 2021. The adaptability of rice varieties on tidal swampland in South Kalimantan. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 648(1): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/648/1/012027
Koesrini, Sosiawan, H., & Darsani, Y. R. (2020). Preferensi petani terhadap beberapa varietas padi inpara di lahan rawa pasang surut Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal Pertanian Agros. 22(1): 41–50. http://e-journal.janabadra.ac.id/index.php/JA/article/view/1108/740
Lubis FZ. 2019. Respon pertumbuhan dan produksi beberapa varietas padi gogo terhadap pemberian berbagai bahan organik. [Skripsi]. Medan (ID): Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Maimunah. 2019. Studi serapan besi (Fe) oleh tanaman jeringau (Acorus calamus) dan purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) pada sistem lahan basah buatan air sumur. [Skripsi]. Banjarbaru (ID): Lambung Mangkurat University.
Makarim AK, Suhartatik E. 2009. Morfologi dan Fisiologi Tanaman Padi. In Tanaman Padi (pp. 295–330). IAARD Press.
Masganti, Susilawati A, Khairullah I, Anwar K. 2019. Pengendalian keracunan besi untuk peningkatan produktivitas padi di lahan rawa pasang surut bukaan baru. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan. 13(2): 103–113. http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/jsl/article/view/11441
Masganti, Nurhayati, Yuliani N. 2017. Peningkatan produktivitas padi di lahan pasang surut dengan pupuk p dan kompos jerami padi. Jurnal Tanah dan Iklim. 41(1): 17–24. https://doi.org/10.2017/jti.v41i1.6058
Mulyani A, Sarwani M. 2013. Karakteristik dan potensi lahan sub-optimal untuk pengembangan pertanian di Indonesia. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan. 7(1):47-55. https://doi.org/10.2018/jsdl.v7i1.6429
Napisah K, Annisa W. 2019. Peran purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) sebagai penyerap dan penetral Fe di lahan rawa pasang surut. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan. 13(1): 53–59. https://doi.org/10.21082/jsdl.v13n1.2019.53-59
Phule AS, Barbadikar KM, Madhav MS, Subrahmanyam D, Senguttuvel P, Babu MBBP, Kumar PA. 2019. Studies on root anatomy, morphology and physiology of rice grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants. 25(1): 197–205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12298-018-0599-z
Putri AD. 2021. Perubahan pH, Fe-larut dan P-tersedia pada lahan pasang surut dengan pemberian bahan organik berbahan baku tandan kosong kelapa sawit. [Skripsi]. Banjarbaru (ID): Lambung Mangkurat University.
Rahmadi AH. 2021. Hubungan fosfor tersedia dengan besi larut, aluminium tukar dan pH tanah lahan pasang surut. [Skripsi]. Banjarbaru (ID): Lambung Mangkurat University.
Rahman ML, Wong ZJ, Sarjadi MS, Soloi S, Arshad SE, Bidin K, Musta B. 2021. Heavy metals removal from electroplating wastewater by waste fiber-based poly(amidoxime) ligand. Water. 13(9): 39–60. https://doi.org/10.3390/w13091260
Rajiman. (2020). Pengantar pemupukan. In Deepublish press.
Rao KVM. 2006. Introduction Physiology and Molecular of Stress Tolerance in Plants. In Physiology and Molecular of Stress Tolerance in Plants (pp. 1–14).
Razie F, Anas I, Sutandi A, Sugiyanta, Gunarto L. 2013. Efisiensi serapan hara dan hasil padi pada budidaya sri di persawahan pasang surut dengan menggunakan kompos diperkaya. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 41(2): 89–97. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v41i2.7509
Rumanti IA, Koesrini, Sosiawan H, Rina Y. 2020. Uji adaptasi dan seleksi varietas partisipatif terhadap galur-galur padi toleran rendaman dan kekeringan di lahan rawa lebak. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 48(2): 118–126. https://doi.org/https://dx.doi.org/10.24831/jai.v48i2.31652
Runtunuwu E, Syahbuddin H, Ramadhani F. 2012. keragaman waktu tanam tanaman padi di Pulau Kalimantan. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 40(1): 8–14. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v40i1.14949
Sardans J, Peñuelas J. 2015. Potassium: A neglected nutrient in global change. Global Ecology and Biogeography. 24(3). 261–275. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.12259
Sari FP, Falah F, Anita SH, Ramadhan KP, Laksana RPB, Fatriasari W, Hermiati E. 2021. Pretreatment of oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) at bench-scale high temperature pressure steam reactor for enhancement of enzymatic saccharification. International Journal of Renewable Energy Development. 10(2): 157–169. https://doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2021.32343
Sarman, Indraswari E, Husni A. 2021. Respons pertumbuhan bibit kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) terhadap decanter solid pembibitan utama. Jurnal Media Pertanian. 6(1): 14–22. https://doi.org/10.33087/jagro.v6i1.110
Septiana M, Triatmoko E, Khairullah I, Saidy AR. 2019. Mineralisasi nitrogen pada tanah tukungan dengan umur yang berbeda. Proseding Seminar Nasional Lingkungan Lahan Basah. 4(2): 307–310.
Sopandie D. 2013. Fisiologi Adaptasi Tanaman (terhadap Cekaman Abiotik pada Agroekosistem Tropika) (N. Januarini (ed.); pertama). IPB Press.
Sugiyanta, Rumawas F, Chozin MA, Ghulamahdi M. 2008. Studi serapan hara N, P, K, dan potensi hasil lima varietas padi sawah (Oryza sativa L.) pada pemupukan anorganik dan organik. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 36(3): 196–203. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v36i3.1377
Suriani M, Mahbub M, Rodinah. 2020. Pengaruh kompos jerami padi terhadap kelarutan ferro (Fe2+) dan pH tanah serta pertumbuhan tanaman padi ciherang di tanah sulfat masam. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi. 3(1): 55–61.
Susilawati A, Fahmi A. 2013. Dinamika besi pada tanah sulfat masam yang ditanami padi. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan. 7(2): 67–75.
Susilawati A, Nursyamsi D. 2013. Residu jerami padi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanah sulfat masam berkelanjutan. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan. 7(1): 27–37. https://doi.org/10.2018/jsdl.v7i1.6425
Suwanda HM, Noor M. (2014). Kebijakan pemanfaatan lahan rawa pasang surut untuk mendukung kedaulatan pangan nasional. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan, 12(edisi khusus): 31–40. http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/jsl/article/view/6480/5771
Tao HH, Snaddon JL, Slade EM, Henneron L, Caliman JP, Willis KJ. 2018. Application of oil palm empty fruit bunch effects on soil biota and functions: A case study in Sumatra, Indonesia. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment. 256(15): 105–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2017.12.012
Torres LAZ, Woiciechowski AL, Tanobe VOA, Filho AZ, de Freitas RA, Noseda MD, Szameitat ES, Faulds C, Coutinho P, Bertrand E, Soccol CR. 2021. Lignin from oil palm empty fruit bunches: Characterization, ciological activities and application in green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 167(15): 1499–1507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.11.104
Winarni M, Yudono P, Indradewa D, Sunarminto BH. 2015. Karakterisasi pola mineralisasi N pupuk organik pada tanah sawah organik. Agri-Tek. 16(1): 93–103.
Zaharah AR, Lim KC. 2000. Oil palm empty fruit bunch as a source of nutrients and soil ameliorant in oil palm plantation. Malaysian Journal of Soil Science. 4(1): 51–66.
This journal is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.