Peningkatan Kadar Zn Beras Pecah-Kulit pada Sistem Penggenangan Berselang Melalui Aplikasi Pupuk Kandang Diperkaya Zn Heptahidrat
Abstract
Zn levels in rice are essential for maintaining consumer health. However, Zn deficient plants can reduce levels of Zn in grains and the ability of plants to express their genetic potentials. This study examines the use of cow manure enriched with Zn heptahydrate on increasing Zn levels of broken skin rice. The experiment was arranged in a randomized single factor group design with seven levels of manure dose treatment, namely: 0; 2.5; 5, 7.5, 10, 12.5, 15 tons ha-1, with 3 replications. Spacing was 30 cm x 30 cm with a size of 3 m x 4 m. The parameters observed were plant growth, the weight of 1,000-grain, percentage of empty grain, production, Zn and protein contents of the brown rice. The collected data were analyzed using analysis of variance with a confidence interval of 5%, followed by the Duncan test of 5%. The results showed that the application of cow manure with a dose of 10 tons ha-1 enriched by 5 kg ha-1 Zn heptahydrate could increase the number of productive tillers, weight of 1,000-grains, production, Zn and protein contents of the brown rice as well as suppress the grainy rice grain of Mekongga variety of lowland rice on the intermittent flooding.
Keywords: brownrice, cow manure, irrigation system, Zn heptahydrate
Downloads
References
Alloway BJ. 2008. Zinc in Soils and Crop Nutrition. 2nd edition. Brussels (BE) and Paris (FR): IZA and IFA.
Ardianti D, Sudiarso. 2019. Pengaruh pupuk anorganik dan pupuk hayati pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung manis (Zea mays saccharata Sturt.). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman. 7(10):1814-1820.
Arsyad M, Saud M. 2020. Evaluasi tingkat kualitas dan mutu beras hasil penggilingan padi di Kecamatan Duhiadaa Kabupaten Pohuwato. Jurnal Pertanian Berkelanjutan. 8(1): 8-18.
Azalika RP, Sumardi, Sukisno. 2018. Pertumbuhan dan hasil padi Sirantau pada pemberian beberapa macam dan dosis pupuk kandang. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. 20(1): 26-32. https://doi.org/1 0.31186/jipi.20.1.26-32
Boonchuay P, Cakmak I, Rerkasem B, Prom-U-Thai C. 2013. Effect of different foliar zinc application at different growth stages on seed zinc concentration and its impact on seedling vigor in rice. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. 59: 180-188. https://doi.org/10 .1080/00380768.2013.763382
Ceesay MM. 2004. Management of Rice Production Systems To Increase Productivity in the Gambia, West Africa. [Thesis]. Ann Arbor (US): University Microfilms International.
Devar N, Rajpar I, Memon MY, Imtiaz M, ZIal-ul-hassan. 2011. Mineral nutrient densities in some domestic and exotic rice genotypes. Pakistan Journal of Agriculture Agricultural Engineering Veterinary Science. 27(2): 134-142.
Esmaeilzadeh J, Ahangar AG. 2014. Influence of soil organic matter content on soil physical, chemical and biological properties. International Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences. 4(4): 244-252.
Follet RH, Murphy LS, Donahue RL. 1981. Fertilizers and Soil Amendments. New Jersey (US): Prentice-Hall inc.
Gardner FP, Pearce RB, Mitchell RL. 1991. Fisiologi Tanaman Budidaya. Jakarta (ID): UI Press.
Hamam M, Pujiasmanto B, Supriyono. 2017. Peningkatan hasil padi (Oryza sativa L.) dan kadar zink dalam beras melalui aplikasi zink sulfat heptahidrat. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 45(3): 243-248. https://doi.org/10.24831/jai.v45i3.12287
Hernawan E, Meylani V. 2016. Analisis karakteristik fisikokimia beras putih, beras merah, dan beras hitam (Oryza sativa L., Oryza nivara dan Oryza sativa L. indica). Jurnal Kesehatan Bakti Tunas Husada. 15(1): 79-91.
Indrasari SD. 2006. Kandungan mineral padi varietas unggul dan kaitannya dengan kesehatan. Iptek Tanaman Pangan. 1(1): 88-99.
Indrasari SD, Daradjat AA, Hanarida I, Komari. 2007. Evaluasi karakteristik mutu giling, mutu tanak, dan kandungan protein-besi kompleks pada beberapa genotipe padi. Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan. 26(1): 62-68.
Jalali-moridani M, Amiri E. 2014. Effect of nitrogen and potassium on yield and yield components of rice cultivar "Hashemi". Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences. 4(4): 417-424.
Janušauskaitė D, Arlauskienė A, Maikštėnienė S. 2013. Soil mineral nitrogen and microbial parameters as influenced by catch crops and straw management. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture. 100(1): 9-18. https://doi.org/10.13080/z-a.2013.100.002
Kaihatu SS, Pasireron M. 2011. Adaptasi beberapa varietas unggul baru padi sawah di Morokai. Agrivigor: Jurnal Agroekoteknologi. 11(2): 178-184.
Kawano N, Ito O, Sakagami JI. 2009. Morphological and physiological responses of rice seedlings to complete submergence (flash flooding). Annals of Botany. 103(2): 161-169. https://doi.org/10.1093/ aob/mcn171
Krishna A. 2006. Influence of System of Rice Intensification (SRI) on Seed Yield Quality and Storability of Rice. [Disertasi]. Dharward (IN): University of Agricultural Science.
Mahmud Y, Nurlenawati N, Sugiarto H. 2011. Pengaruh macam perlakuan benih terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil beberapa varietas unggul baru tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) di lahan sawah irigasi Kecamatan Tempuran Kabupaten Kerawang. Solusi. 9(17): 53-63.
Masdar, Kasim M, Rusman B, Hakim N, Helmi. 2006. Tingkat hasil dan komponen hasil sistem intensifikasi padi (SRI) tanpa pupuk organik di daerah curah hujan tinggi. Jurnal Ilmu Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia. 8(2): 126-131.
Mishra P. 2014. Rejuvenation of biofertilizer for sustainable agriculture and economic development. The Journal of Sustanaible Devoelopment. 11(1): 41-61.
Mousavi SR. 2011. Zinc in crop production and interaction with phosphorus. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences. 5(9): 1503-1509.
Prasad AS. 2014. Zinc: a miracle element. its discovery and impact on human health. JSM Clinical Oncology and Research. 2(4): 1-7. https://doi.org/ 10.3945/an.112.003210
Purba JHH. 2011. Kebutuhan dan cara pemberian air irigasi untuk tanaman padi sawah (Oryza sativa L.). Widyatech Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi. 10(3): 145-155.
Purnomo D, Yunus A, Budiastuti S. 2011. Budidaya padi berwawasan lingkungan dengan metode system of rice intensification (SRI) dan penggunaan pupuk organik cair. Jurnal Ekosains. 3(1): 25-32.
Ratmini, NPS. 2014. Peluang peningkatan kadar seng (Zn) pada produk tanaman serealia. Di dalam: Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lahan Suboptimal; 2627 September 2014. Palembang (ID). hlm 674-684.
Regazzoni O, Sugito Y, Suryanto A. 2013. Sistem irigasi berselang (intermittent irrigation) pada budidaya padi (Oryza sativa L.) varietas Inpari-13 dalam pola SRI (system of rice intensification). Jurnal Produksi Tanaman. 1(2): 42-51.
Rehman H, Aziz T, Farooq M, Wakeel A, Rengel Z. 2012. Zinc Nutrition in rice production systems: a review. plant and soil. 361(1-2): 203-227. https: //doi.org/10.1007/s11104-012-1346-9
Rengel Z. 2015. Agronomic aproaches to increasing zinc concentration in staple food crops. Impacts of Agriculture on Human Healt and Nutrition. 1: 1-8.
Rozen N, Hakim N, Gusnidar. 2017. Aplikasi unsur mikro pada padi sawah intensifikasi yang diberi pupuk organik titonia plus pada metode SRI. Journal of Soil and Land Utilization Managenment. 14(1): 1-12. https://doi.org/10.25077/js.14.1.19.20 17
Salawati, Basir M, Kadekoh I, Thaha AR. 2018. The effect of zn-enriched biochar on peroxide enzyme activity, auxin content, chlorophyll count and zn of rice in different flooding systems. Plant Cell Biotechnology and Molecular Biology. 19(5 & 6): 196-204.
Saputra RA, Mulyawan R. 2021. Diagram DRIS untuk menilai keseimbangan hara tanaman jeruk siam banjar (Citrus suhuensis l.) di lahan pasang surut Desa Sungai Kambat Kecamatan Cerbon Kabupaten Barito Kuala. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Lingkungan Lahan Basah. Volume 6 Nomor 1. April 2021.
Selim M. 2015. Phosphate in soils: interaction with micronutrients, radionuclides and heavy metals. Boca Raton (US): Taylor & Fracis Group. CRC Pr.
Shivay YS, Kumar D, Prasad R. 2007. Effect of zinc-enriched urea on productivity. zinc uptake and efficiency of an aromatic rice-wheat cropping system. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems. 80(2): 181-188.
Sillanpaa M. 1982. Micronutrient and the nutrient status of soils: a global study. Rome (IT): FAO Soil Buletin No. 48, Food and Agriculture Organization. http://www.fao.org/3/a-at167e.pdf
Siregar D, Marbun P, Marpaung P. 2013. Pengaruh varietas dan bahan organik yang berbeda terhadap bobot 1.000 butir dan biomassa padi sawah IP 400 pada musim tanam I. Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi. 1(4): 1413-1421.
Solomon IR, Saddiq AM, Usman BH. 2014. Effects of some organic manures on N, P, K, Zn, and Fe uptake in straw and grains of rice in the soils of Lake Geriyo, Adamawa State, Nigeria. American-Eurasian Journal of Agricultural & Environmental Science. 14(7): 674-680.
Sudarmadji S, Haryono B, Suhardi. 1984. Prosedur analisa untuk bahan makanan dan pertanian. Yogyakarta (ID): Liberty.
Sujana IP. 2014. Rehabilitasi lahan tercemar limbah garmen dengan pemberian biochar. [Disertasi]. Bali (ID): Universitas Udayana.
Supadma AAN, Adnyana IM, Puja IN. 2013. Kajian unsur hara mikro tanah untuk peningkatan produksi pangan pada lahan sawah di Kecamatan Penebel, Tabanan. Agrtotrop: Journal on Agriculture Science. 3(1): 73-81.
Tabassum S, Jeet S, Kumar R, Dev CM, Kumar P, Rehana R. 2014. Effect of organic manure and zinc fertilization on zinc transformation and biofortification of crops in vertisols of Central India. Journal of Agricultural Science. 6(8): 221-231. https ://doi.org/10.5539/jas.v6n8p221
Tekwa IJ, Olawoye HU, Yakubu H. 2010. Comparative effects of separate incorporation of cowdung and rice husk materials on nutrient status of some lithosols. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology. 12(6): 857-860. Retrieved from http:// www.fspublishers.org
Tustiyani I, Sugiyanta, Melati M. 2014. Karakter morfofisiologi dan fisikokimia beras dengan berbagai dosis pemupukan organik dan hayati pada budidaya padi organik. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 42(3): 187-194.
Wahyudi I. 2009. Serapan Tanaman jagung (Zea mays L.) akibat pemberian pupuk guano dan pupuk hijau lamptoro pada ultisol wanga. Jurnal Agroland. 16(4): 265-272.
Wangiyana W, Laiwan Z, Sanisah. 2009. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi var. Ciherang dengan teknik budidaya “SRI (system of rice intensification)” pada berbagai umur dan jumlah bibit per lubang tanam. Crop Agro. 2(1): 70-78.
Welch RM, Graham RD. 2004. Breeding for micronutrients in staple food crops from a human nutrition perspective. Journal of Experimental Botany. 55(396): 353-364. https://doi.org/10.1093 /jxb/erh064
Wibisono IB, Mujiyono S. 2018. Segmentasi fuzzy c-means untuk membantu identifikasi kualitas beras berdasarkan nilai threshold, warna dan ukuran. Multimatrix. 1(1): 21-25
Wissuwa M, Ismail AM, Graham R D. 2008. Rice grain zinc concentrations as affected by genotype, native soil-zinc availability, and zinc fertilization. Plant Soil. 306: 37-48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-007936 8-4
Yadav GS, Kumar D, Shivay YS, Singh N. 2011. Agronomic evaluation of zinc-enriched urea formulations in scented rice (Oryza sativa). Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 81(4): 366-370.
Yullianida, Suwarno, Ardie SW, Aswidinnoor H. 2014. Uji cepat toleransi tanaman padi terhadap cekaman rendaman pada fase vegetatif. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 42(2): 89-95.
Yulnafatmawita, Prima S, Aprisal, Hakim N. 2014. Pengaruh unsur mikro terhadap peningkatan hasil padi sawah yang diberi pupuk organik titonia plus. [Tesis]. Lampung (ID): Universitas Lampung.
Zahrah S. 2011. Aplikasi pupuk bokashi dan NPK organik pada tanah ultisol untuk tanaman padi sawah dengan sistem SRI (system of rice intensification). Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan. 5(2): 114-129.
This journal is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use. NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
View JIPI StatsCounter
