Seroprevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Rabies pada Anjing di Daerah Endemis Kabupaten Sukabumi

Ardilasunu Wicaksono; Abdul  Zahid; Etih  Sudarnika; Dordia Anindita  Rotinsulu; Denny Widaya  Lukman; Sri  Murtini; Yusuf  Ridwan

doi:10.18343/jipi.26.3.436

Ardilasunu Wicaksono Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Hewan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Abdul Zahid Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Hewan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Etih Sudarnika Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Hewan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Dordia Anindita Rotinsulu Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Hewan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Denny Widaya Lukman Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Hewan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Sri Murtini Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Hewan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Yusuf Ridwan Departemen Ilmu Penyakit Hewan dan Kesehatan Masyarakat Veteriner, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680; National Zoonosis Center, Lembaga Penelitian dan Pe ngabdian Masyarakat, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.26.3.436

Abstract

Sukabumi District is reported to date as an endemic rabies area in West Java Province. In supporting the rabies control programs, the occurrence of rabies needs to be determined to decrease the number of cases. This research aims to determine the seroprevalence of rabies and identify the risk factors associated with rabies in the district. The research was conducted in Jampang Tengah and Cisolok sub-districts with positive rabies cases on dogs and humans. The blood samples were taken from 191 selected dogs using simple random sampling. Rabies antibody titer was measured using ELISA, and the risk factor was identified using selected dogs’ data classified into intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and the calculation of the odds ratio. The results showed that the seroprevalence of rabies was 7.9% (4.9-10.9%). The average antibody titer was 0.23 EU with a minimum value of 0.03 EU and a maximum of 0.96 EU. Thus, as high as 7.8% of the population showed rabies seropositivity from the unvaccinated dogs, while among the vaccinated dogs, only 8.0% of the population with rabies protective antibody titer. The significant risk factor of rabies seroprevalence is the typology of raising area (p = 0.003), revealing that the dogs raised in the coastal area had the odds of 5.8 (1.6-21.2) higher to get the rabies seropositivity than the dogs raised in the highland area.

Keywords: antibody titre, dogs, rabies, risk factor, seroprevalence

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Arega S, Conan A, Sabeta CT, Crafford JE, Wentzel J, Reininghaus B, Biggs L, Leisewitz AL, Quan M, Toka F, Knobel DL. 2020. Rabies vaccination of 6-week-old puppies born to immunized mothers: A randomized controlled trial in a high-mortality population of owned, free-roaming dogs. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease. 5: 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed5010045

Bayene TR, Mindaye B, Leta S, Cernicchiaro N, Revie CW. 2018. Understanding factors influencing dog owners' intention to vaccinate against rabies evaluated using health belief model constructs. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 5: 159. https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2018.00159

Blackwood JC, Streicker DG, Altizer S, Rohani P. 2013. Resolving the roles of immunity, pathogenesis, and immigration for rabies persistence in vampire bats. PNAS 110(51): 2083720842. https://doi.org/ 10.1073/pnas.1308817110

Castillo-Neyra R, Brown J, Borrini K, Arevalo C, Levy MZ, Buttenheim A, Hunter GC, Becerra V, Behrman J, Paz-Soldan VA. 2017. Barriers to dog rabies vaccination during an urban rabies outbreak: Qualitative findings from Arequipa, Peru. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 11(3): e0005460. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005460

Dartini NL, Mahardika IGNK, Putra AAG, Orr HS. 2012. Uji Banding Dua Kit Elisa untuk Deteksi Antibodi terhadap Virus Rabies pada Anjing. Buletin Veteriner BBVet Denpasar. 24(80): 17.

Dibia IN, Sumiarto B, Susetya H, Putra AAG, Scott-Orr H. 2015. Analisis faktor risiko kasus rabies pada anjing di Bali. Buletin Veteriner BBVet Denpasar 27(86): 116. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2015. 16.4.459

Dinas Peternakan Kabupaten Sukabumi. 2016. Sosialisasi Rabies: Pengendalian Rabies di Kabupaten Sukabumi Tahun 2016. Sukabumi (ID).

Dahlan MS. 2014. Statistik untuk Kedokteran dan Kesehatan: Deskriptif, Bivariat, dan Multivariat. Jakarta (ID): Epidemiologi Indonesia.

Dohoo I, Martin W, Stryhn H. 2009. Veterinary Epidemiologic Research Second Edition. Prince Edward Island (CA): VER Inc.

Gold S, Donnelly CA, Nouvellet P, WoodroffeI R. Rabies virus-neutralising antibodies in healthy, unvaccinated individuals: What do they mean for rabies epidemiology?. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 14(2): e0007933. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007933

Hampson K, Coudeville L, Lembo T, Sambo M, Kieffer A, Attlan M. 2005. Estimating the global burden of endemic canine rabies. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 9: 4. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal. pntd.0003709

Jakel V, Konig M, Cussler K, Hanschmann K-M. 2008. Factors influencing the antibody response to vaccination against rabies. Developments in Biologicals. 131: 431437.

Kardiwinata MP, Sutarga IM, Subrata IM, Suariyani NLP. 2012. SISTEM pemeliharaan anjing sebagai salah satu hewan penular rabies pada penderita rabies di Provinsi Bali Tahun 2011. Indonesian Journal of Public Health. 1(1): 5054.

Kennedy LJ, Lunt M, Barnes A, McElhinney L, Fooks AR, Baxter DN, Ollier WER. 2007. Factors influencing the antibody response of dogs vaccinated against rabies. Vaccine. 25: 85008507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.10.015

Knobel DL, Cleaveland S, Coleman PG, Fevre EM, Meltzer MI, Miranda MEG, Shaw A, Zinsstag J, Meslin FX. 20015. Re-evaluating the burden of rabies in Africa and Asia. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 83: 360368.

Laager M, Léchenne M, Naissengar K, Mindekem R, Oussiguere A, Zinsstag J, Chitnis N. 2019. A metapopulation model of dog rabies transmission in N’Djamena, Chad. Journal of Theoretical Biology 462: 408417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtbi. 2018.11.027

Nugroho DK, Pudjiatmoko, Diarmitha IK, Tum S, Schoonman L. 2013. Analisa Data Surveilans Rabies (20082011) di Propinsi Bali, Indonesia. Outbreaks, Surveillance and Investigation Report. 6(2): 812.

Prasatya IGMA, Suardana IBK, Suartha IN. 2018. Respons imun anjing lokal jantan umur diatas satu tahun pasca vaksinasi rabies. Indonesia Medicus Veterinus 7(1): 6975. https://doi.org/10.19087/ imv.2018.7.1.69

Roy SK, Hossain QZ. 2014. Biosecurity of poultry worker related to avian influenza in Bangladesh. International Journal of Public Health Science. 4(3): 267275. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v3i4.4702

Salomao C, Nacima A, Cuamba L, Gujral L, Amiel A. Baltazar C, Cliff J. Gudo ES. 2017. Epidemiology, clinical features and risk factors for human rabies and animal bites during an outbreak of rabies in Maputo and Matola cities, Mozambique, 2014: Implications for public health interventions for rabies control. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 11(7): 116.

Sudarmayasa IN, Suardana IBK, Suartha N. 2020. Titer antibodi anjing lokal enam bulan pasca vaksinasi rabies. Buletin Veteriner Udayana 12(1): 5054. https://doi.org/10.24843/bulvet.2020. v12.i01.p09

Sudarnika E, Lukman DW, Zahid A, Ridwan Y, Wicaksono A. 2019. The Success of the “Kasira” rabies cadres in improving community knowledge and attitudes towards rabies. Advances in Health Sciences Research 19: 7174. https://doi.org/ 10.2991/isessah-19.2019.20

Tenzin, Dhand N K, Ward MP .2012. Anthropogenic and environmental risk factors for rabies occurrence in Bhutan. Preventive Veterinary Medicine. 107(12): 2126. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.prevetmed.2012.05.003

Thrusfield M. 2018. Veterinary Epidemiology Fourth Edition. Oxford (GB): John Willey & Sons Ltd.

Wallace RM, Pees A, Blanton JB, Moore SM. 2017. Risk factors for inadequate antibody response to primary rabies vaccination in dogs under one year of age. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 11(7): e0005761. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005761

Wicaksono A, Sudarwanto M. 2016. Prevalensi mastitis subklinis dan evaluasi mikrobiologis susu peternakan rakyat di Boyolali. Acta Veterinaria Indonesiana 4(2): 5156. https://doi.org/10.29244/ avi.4.2.51-56

Wicaksono A, Sudarwanto M. 2016. Peningkatan kualitas susu peternakan rakyat di Boyolali melalui program penyuluhan dan pendampingan peternak sapi perah. Agrokreatif Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 2(2): 5560. https://doi.org/ 10.29244/agrokreatif.2.2.55-60

Wicaksono A, Sudarnika E, Basri C. 2017. Kondisi biosekuriti tempat penjualan burung terkait avian influenza di wilayah Jakarta. Jurnal Sain Veteriner 35(2): 269276. https://doi.org/10.22146/ jsv.34701

Wicaksono A, Ridwan Y, Arif R. 2019. Prevalensi dan faktor risiko infeksi hookworm zoonotik pasca pemberian anthelmentik pada anjing. Acta Veterinaria Indonesiana 7(2): 2632. https:// doi.org/10.29244/avi.7.2.26-32

Wicaksono A, Zahid A, Sudarnika E, Lukman DW, Ridwan Y. Factors that influence rabies dog vaccination among dogs’ owner in Sukabumi District, West Java. Advances in Health Sciences Research 19: 2123.

Wilde H, Hemachudhaa T, Khawplodb P, Tepsumethanona V, Wacharapluesadeeb S, Lumlertdachab B. 2007. Rabies 2007: perspective from Asia. Asian Biomedicine. 1: 345357.