ARSHI Veterinary Letters
type: channel
description: Journal Description ARSHI Veterinary Letters (ARSHI Vet Lett) (e-ISSN 2581-2416) is an open-access, peer-reviewed online journal focusing predominantly on veterinary clinical case reports and practical studies. The journal provides a platform for veterinarians, clinicians, and researchers to share recent findings, innovative clinical approaches, and regionally relevant cases that advance the understanding and practice of veterinary medicine. Established in 2017, ARSHI Vet Lett was originally published by the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (FVM), Bogor Agricultural University, and is currently managed by the School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (SVMB) (FVM change to SVMB per 25 December 2021 Rector Letter No 328), IPB University, in collaboration with the Indonesian Veterinary Hospital Association (ARSHI). The journal publishes four issues annually (February, May, August, and November) and accepts manuscripts written in English or Indonesian. All articles published in ARSHI Vet Lett has been indexed in: Crossreff, WorldCat, Scilit, Dimension, EBSCO, CABI, LensScholar, Garuda, Google Scholar, Microsoft Academia, and being process for other directory of research journal index Aim The aim of ARSHI Veterinary Letters is to promote the dissemination of clinically oriented veterinary knowledge through the publication of case-based research, diagnostic innovations, and applied biomedical findings. The journal seeks to strengthen the connection between veterinary science and clinical practice, especially in the context of animal health challenges and advancements in Southeast Asia. Scope ARSHI Veterinary Letters welcomes submissions in all aspects of veterinary medicine and biomedical sciences, with a particular emphasis on case reports, clinical research, and applied veterinary studies. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to: Clinical and surgical case reports in companion and farm animals Diagnostic imaging and laboratory findings in clinical c…
publisher: School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University
language: en
publication name: ARSHI Veterinary Letters
issn: 2581-2416
copyright: Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms: 1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal. 2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal. 3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
items: Hematological and biochemical alterations in geriatric dogs: a short-interval clinical screening study
items: Enhancing pregnancy rates in Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) through prostaglandin F₂α–based estrus synchronization
items: Diabetic ketoacidosis complicated by chronic kidney disease in a domestic shorthair cat
items: Feline pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma associated with passive smoking in a 14-year-old neutered male cat
items: Pain management approach in a cat with feline arterial thromboembolism assessed using the Feline Grimace Scale
items: Anoplasty for type III atresia ani with fistula complicated by megacolon in a puppy
items: Phase-dependent effects of purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina KDS) on estrous cycle modulation in virgin female rats
items: Cytological diagnosis of canine transmissible venereal tumor in an intact male domestic dog
items: Treatment of otitis externa caused by Malassezia spp. in a local dog: a non-systemic antifungal approach
items: Mycotic pneumonia in a domestic cat caused by Mycoleptodiscus indicus has zoonotic potential and may pose a threat to national security
items: Treatment of concurrent babesiosis and ehrlichiosis in a dog using imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline
items: Concurrent malasseziosis and otitis externa in a senior pug
items: Surgical and supportive management of bilateral perineal hernia in a shih tzu dog
items: Neurological deficits and hematological changes in a rat model of ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion
items: Influence of dental calculus on tooth abnormalities in cats and contributing factors
items: Prevalence of diseases in broiler chickens in Serang Regency, Banten Province, Indonesia
items: Clinical management of gastrointestinal tumor in a rottweiler
items: Concurrent Babesia species infection with feline enteric coronavirus and giardiasis in two female cats
items: Systemic fowl typhoid caused by Salmonella gallinarum in broiler chickens: Pathological and microbiological evidence
items: Pre-renal chronic kidney disease in a domestic cat presenting with FLUTD-like symptoms
items: Antidiarrheal evaluation of guava leaf infusion in pediatric rats using an intestinal transit model
items: Temporal and spatial epidemiology of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in Nueva Ecija, Philippines
items: Incisional hernia following ovariohysterectomy in a mixed-breed domestic cat
items: Detection of antibiotic residues in leg quarter of chickens slaughtered in accredited poultry dressing plants in Nueva Ecija, Philippines
items: Chemical quality assessment of organic cow’s milk at KPSP Setia Kawan Nongkojajar using Lactoscan® technology
items: Diagnosis and treatment of Microsporum canis-induced dermatophytosis in a domestic cat
items: Identification of gram-negative enteric bacteria and antimicrobial resistance patterns in captive psittacine birds from Indonesia
items: Acupuncture treatment of hind limb weakness in a diabetic dog with kidney yin and qi deficiency
items: Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and feline infectious peritonitis in a Persian Peaknose cat
items: Plant-based bioinsecticide from Jatropha gossypiifolia and cattle urine for horsefly control

Hematological and biochemical alterations in geriatric dogs: a short-interval clinical screening study
type: item
description: Geriatric dogs experience a progressive decline in overall organ function with advancing age, making routine health screening essential for the early detection of asymptomatic age-related disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the health status of geriatric dogs using comprehensive blood profile analysis. Blood samples were collected from six dogs aged 10 years that were intensively managed at the Veterinary Teaching Clinic, Study Program of Veterinary Paramedic, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. Hematological and serum biochemical examinations were performed, including the assessment of AST, ALT, total protein, albumin, globulin, A/G ratio, total bilirubin, ALP, cholesterol, GGT, BUN, creatinine, and glucose levels. Blood examinations were conducted twice at intervals of approximately four weeks. All geriatric dogs exhibited evidence of declining health status, characterized by alterations in several complete blood count parameters, including thrombocytopenia, leukocytosis, and mild lymphocytosis. In addition, changes in the biochemical profile were observed, notably elevated AST and BUN levels in several dogs. These findings highlight the importance of regular hematological and biochemical monitoring in geriatric dogs to support the early detection and clinical management of age-associated physiological deterioration.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: canine
  topic: keywords
subject: geriatric
  topic: keywords
subject: hematology
  topic: keywords
subject: blood biochemistry
  topic: keywords
subject: short-interval clinical screening
  topic: keywords
creator: Erni Sulistiawati
creator: Henny Endah Anggraeni
creator: Muhammad Haikal Adhim
creator: Mardoto
creator: Muzakkii Rizqullah Farhan Zain
creator: Zakiyyan Rasya Al Haitami
creator: Tarishah Aulia Nisaa
creator: Jodhy Anggara Putra
creator: Raisha Ramadanti
creator: Difla Aisyah Mallayeka
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 109
ending page: 110
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.109-110

Enhancing pregnancy rates in Bali cattle (Bos javanicus) through prostaglandin F₂α–based estrus synchronization
type: item
description: This study evaluated the effectiveness of estrus synchronization using prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) in Bali cattle and assessed the pregnancy outcomes following the initial treatment and subsequent resynchronization. Ten Bali cattle received two PGF2α injections, administered 11 days apart, following standard recommendations. Animals exhibiting estrus were artificially inseminated, and pregnancy diagnosis was performed 30–45 days post-insemination using ultrasonography. Cattle that failed to conceive during the first cycle underwent a resynchronization protocol two weeks later. The synchronization protocol produced a 100% estrus response, with an initial pregnancy rate of 40% (4 cattle). Resynchronization of the six non-pregnant cattle yielded two additional pregnancies (33.3%), resulting in an overall pregnancy rate of 60%. These findings demonstrate that PGF2α is effective in regulating the estrus cycle and enhancing the reproductive efficiency of Bali cattle, particularly when integrated with a resynchronization strategy.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: estrus synchronization
  topic: keywords
subject: prostaglandins
  topic: keywords
subject: Bali cattle
  topic: keywords
subject: pregnancy rate
  topic: keywords
creator: Dedi Rahmat Setiadi
creator: Yohana Tri Hastuti
creator: Bongot Huaso Mulia
creator: Imam Purwadi
creator: Muhammad Nanang Tejolaksono
creator: Gilang Rhomadon
creator: Risti Widihasputri
creator: Saptohadi Prayetno
creator: Jansen Manansang
creator: Raden Iis Arifiantini
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 115
ending page: 116
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.115-116

Diabetic ketoacidosis complicated by chronic kidney disease in a domestic shorthair cat
type: item
description: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening metabolic complication secondary to diabetes mellitus (DM), a common endocrine disorder in cats. This condition is characterized by severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and metabolic acidosis resulting from insulin deficiency and excessive ketone production. A 7-year-old castrated male cat presented with dyspnea, vomiting, marked dehydration, and hypothermia. Laboratory findings revealed severe hyperglycemia, glucosuria, ketonuria, azotemia, and elevated hepatic enzyme levels, confirming DKA complicated by chronic kidney disease. The cat received intensive therapy, including oxygen supplementation, intravenous fluids with potassium, insulin administration, antibiotics, and supportive care. Although transient improvement in electrolyte levels was achieved, glycemic control remained unstable, and the patient succumbed after three days of hospitalization.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: feline
  topic: keywords
subject: diabetes mellitus
  topic: keywords
subject: electrolyte imbalance
  topic: keywords
subject: insulin
  topic: keywords
subject: diabetes ketoacidosis
  topic: keywords
creator: Nur Atirah Suhaila Mohd Nordin
creator: Sunita Krishnan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 81
ending page: 82
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.81-82

Feline pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma associated with passive smoking in a 14-year-old neutered male cat
type: item
description: Pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma is a rare, aggressive neoplasm associated with poor clinical outcomes in cats. This report describes a 14-year-old neutered male domestic cat who developed pulmonary histiocytic sarcoma after chronic exposure to secondhand tobacco smoke. The cat presented with persistent cough, inappetence, and progressive dyspnea. Diagnostic evaluation using thoracic radiography and cytological examination revealed neoplastic proliferation, consistent with histiocytic sarcoma. Despite supportive therapy, the cat's condition deteriorated, and euthanasia was elected because of grave prognosis. This case highlights the oncogenic impact of passive smoking on companion animals and the need for public awareness of smoke-free environments for pet health. Further studies are required to elucidate how environmental carcinogens, particularly tobacco smoke, contribute to cancer pathogenesis in domestic species.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: Feline Pulmonary Histiocytic Sarcoma
  topic: keywords
subject: passive smoking
  topic: keywords
subject: pulmonary neoplasm
  topic: keywords
subject: environmental carcinogen
  topic: keywords
creator: Michelle Virginia Ongko
creator: Ayu Setiawati
creator: Maulana Ar Raniri Putra
creator: Sitaria Fransiska Siallagan
creator: Reginta Putri Utami
creator: Ester Br Sembiring
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 77
ending page: 78
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.77-78

Pain management approach in a cat with feline arterial thromboembolism assessed using the Feline Grimace Scale
type: item
description: Feline arterial thromboembolism (FATE) is a life-threatening condition characterized by partial or complete arterial obstruction due to thrombus formation, most commonly secondary to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). The resulting ischemia causes severe pain, which is often overlooked in clinical practice. The Feline Grimace Scale (FGS) provides a rapid and objective tool for pain assessment in cats. This report describes an adult female cat presenting with left hindlimb paresis, cyanosis, and femoral pulse deficit, with an initial FGS score of 6/10. Blood chemistry showed elevated creatine kinase (CK) levels, and echocardiography confirmed reduced femoral arterial flow and myocardial hypertrophy, consistent with HCM. A multimodal management approach was applied, including gabapentin, tramadol, clopidogrel, furosemide, and heparin therapy. Despite treatment, the affected limb developed gangrene, necessitating amputation. Preoperative analgesia consisted of pethidine, ketamine, and xylazine, followed by regional lidocaine nerve blocks and postoperative fentanyl continuous rate infusion. The surgical site healed completely within 21 days, and over a four-month follow-up period, the FGS score improved from 9 to 0, indicating complete pain resolution.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: feline arterial thromboembolism
  topic: keywords
subject: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
  topic: keywords
subject: multimodal analgesia
  topic: keywords
subject: Feline Grimace Scale
  topic: keywords
subject: amputation
  topic: keywords
creator: Afifah Yudining Dwi Andadari
creator: Napitu Napitu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 73
ending page: 74
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.73-74

Anoplasty for type III atresia ani with fistula complicated by megacolon in a puppy
type: item
description: Congenital anorectal malformations, including atresia ani, are uncommon conditions in small animals that cause gastrointestinal dysfunction. This case report describes the surgical management and outcomes of type III atresia ani in a juvenile dog. A one-month-old female mixed-breed puppy presented with severe tenesmus, progressive abdominal distension, and complete absence of normal faecal passage. Clinical examination identified an anal dimple lacking a functional opening, accompanied by a small ventral perineal fistula. Radiographic assessment confirmed type III atresia ani, characterised by a blind-ending rectal pouch located more than 1 cm cranial to the anal dimple and associated with marked megacolon. Surgical intervention was performed via anoplasty, combined with manual evacuation of the impacted faeces and temporary anal stenting using a 1-cc syringe port to maintain luminal patency. Postoperative management included broad-spectrum antibiotics, lactulose, analgesic therapy, and meticulous wound care. Although normal defaecation was restored, the patient developed tenesmus, incomplete evacuation, and faecal incontinence. These complications are associated with irreversible megacolon and anal sphincter dysfunction. Conservative therapy failed to achieve improvement, indicating the need for surgical intervention.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: Anoplasty
  topic: keywords
subject: Atresia ani
  topic: keywords
subject: fistula
  topic: keywords
subject: megacolon
  topic: keywords
subject: puppy
  topic: keywords
creator: Viviana Anyaputri Tanurahardja
creator: I Wayan Wirata
creator: I Gusti Agung Gde Putra Pemayun
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 105
ending page: 106
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.105-106

Phase-dependent effects of purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina KDS) on estrous cycle modulation in virgin female rats
type: item
description: Purwoceng (Pimpinella alpina KDS) is a traditional medicinal herb that has been widely studied for its androgenic properties in male reproductive research. However, their effects on female reproductive performance remain poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the influence of purwoceng on the duration of each estrous phase and the overall estrous cycle in female rats. Forty-eight virgin female Sprague-Dawley rats were allocated into four groups according to their estrous phase at the start of treatment: proestrus, oestrus, metestrus, and diestrus. Each group consisted of six control and six Purwoceng-treated animals. The extract was administered intragastrically for ten consecutive days, while vaginal smear evaluations continued until day 15 to monitor estrous cyclicity. The results demonstrated that purwoceng administration during the two estrous cycles generally prolonged the proestrus and oestrus phases, with a statistically significant extension of the oestrus phase observed when treatment was provided during oestrus (P < 0.05). Conversely, the durations of the metestrus and diestrus phases were reduced, except when Purwoceng was administered during metestrus, which resulted in an increased metestrus duration. In conclusion, purwoceng exhibited the greatest modulatory effect when administered during the oestrus phase, suggesting a phase-dependent responsiveness of the female reproductive cycle to this herbal extract.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: oestrous cycle
  topic: keywords
subject: purwoceng
  topic: keywords
subject: reproduction
  topic: keywords
subject: female
  topic: keywords
subject: virgin rat
  topic: keywords
creator: Pudji Achmadi
creator: Damiana Rita Ekastuti
creator: Ronald Tarigan
creator: Isdoni Bustamam
creator: Koekoeh Santoso
creator: Hera Maheshwari
creator: Aryani Satyaningtijas
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 117
ending page: 118
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.117-118

Cytological diagnosis of canine transmissible venereal tumor in an intact male domestic dog
type: item
description: Canine transmissible venereal tumors (CTVT) are one of the few naturally occurring transmissible cancers in mammals and pose a significant challenge to canine populations worldwide. Transmitted through coitus, this contagious round-cell neoplasm affects the external genitalia of dogs, highlighting the importance of early diagnosis to prevent tumor progression and limit transmission. Cytological evaluation provides a rapid, reliable, and minimally invasive diagnostic approach that enables the definitive identification of CTVT based on its cellular morphology. A two-year-old intact male domestic dog presented with chronic preputial discharge and genital discomfort. Physical examination revealed a reddish, cauliflower-like mass at the base of the penis. Cytological analysis of the preputial exudate revealed numerous round lymphoblast-like cells with a high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio, prominent nucleoli, and frequent mitotic figures, consistent with CTVT. No therapeutic interventions were performed. This case reinforces the value of cytological examination as a diagnostic tool for genital tumors in dogs, facilitating prompt clinical decision-making and supporting disease management in endemic regions.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: Canine transmissible venereal tumor
  topic: keywords
subject: Cytology
  topic: keywords
subject: Genital tumor
  topic: keywords
creator: Abellisa Abellisa
creator: Etriwati Etriwati
creator: Erwin Erwin
creator: Fikri Alsidik Ajis
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 101
ending page: 102
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.101-102

Treatment of otitis externa caused by Malassezia spp. in a local dog: a non-systemic antifungal approach
type: item
description: Malassezia spp. are part of the commensal microbiota on the skin and ears of dogs; however, under certain conditions, they can overgrow, triggering otitis externa. Systemic therapy is effective; however, its use is limited by its potential for resistance and hepatotoxic effects. This article reports a case of dextra otitis externa caused by Malassezia spp. in a 1.5-year-old male dog. On initial examination, the dog showed swelling of the right ear flap, scratching wounds, yellowish exudate, narrowing of the ear canal, as well as alopecia, erythema, and nodules on the ear flap and neck. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical examination and cytology, which revealed the presence of Malassezia spp. The treatment consisted of ear cleaning with a 3% chlorhexidine solution (topical, q12h for 14 days), bathing with a 2% miconazole nitrate-medicated shampoo, and additional therapy with antibiotics, prednisone, chlorpheniramine maleate, and supplements. Evaluation at the 7-day post-treatment follow-up showed a marked clinical improvement. At the 25-day post-treatment follow-up, the patient recovered without recurrence. This case report confirms that topical antifungal therapy with supportive therapy is effective for the treatment of Malassezia spp. in dogs.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: Fungal disease
  topic: keywords
subject: malasseziasis
  topic: keywords
subject: miconazole nitrate
  topic: keywords
subject: topical therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: dog
  topic: keywords
creator: I Komang Juanda Rasmana
creator: Carrisa Saraswati Putri Aryana
creator: Ni Made Devityasih Perayadhista
creator: Ni Wayan Helpina Widyasanti
creator: I Putu Cahyadi Putra
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 97
ending page: 98
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.97-98

Mycotic pneumonia in a domestic cat caused by Mycoleptodiscus indicus has zoonotic potential and may pose a threat to national security
type: item
description: Environmental conditions play a critical role in disease transmission in companion animals, particularly in humid settings that facilitate pathogen proliferation and spread. Mycoleptodiscus indicus is an opportunistic, saprobic, and endophytic fungus that causes systemic infections in various hosts, including humans. This case report describes a fatal M. indicus infection in a kitten. Diagnosis involves clinical examination, cytology, fungal culture, necropsy, and histopathological analysis. Gross pathology revealed swelling and hemorrhage in the heart, spleen, kidneys, and liver, with pulmonary necrosis and hemorrhage. Histopathological examination revealed the presence of fungal spores in the pulmonary tissue. Cytological and culture analyses confirmed the presence of M. indicus. The kitten's death resulted from respiratory invasion by M. indicus spores, which led to systemic dissemination and sepsis.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: Cat
  topic: keywords
subject: Imunosupresif
  topic: keywords
subject: Opportunistic
  topic: keywords
subject: Systemic
  topic: keywords
subject: Zoonosis
  topic: keywords
subject: Mycoleptodiscus
  topic: keywords
creator: Putu Mira Puspitayani
creator: Syamsul Maarif
creator: Lilik Kurniawan
creator: Anwar Kurniadi
creator: Wilopo
creator: I Putu Juli Sukariada
creator: Sherli Melani Ludji
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 107
ending page: 108
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.107-108

Treatment of concurrent babesiosis and ehrlichiosis in a dog using imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline
type: item
description: Rhipicephalus sanguineus is a well-recognized vector of tick-borne diseases, including babesiosis and ehrlichiosis, in dogs. This case report describes the successful therapeutic management of concurrent babesiosis and ehrlichiosis using imidocarb dipropionate and doxycycline. A 10-month-old male domestic dog presented with anorexia, weakness, pyrexia, erythema on the medial aspect of the hind limb, and heavy tick infestation. Complete blood count analysis revealed leukopenia, granulocytopenia, increased mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin, and thrombocytopenia. Blood smear examination revealed the presence of intraerythrocytic parasites and Ehrlichia morulae within the monocytes. In addition, a rapid antibody test yielded positive results for Babesia spp. and Ehrlichia spp. The dog was treated with a comprehensive therapeutic regimen consisting of fluralaner, imidocarb dipropionate, doxycycline, and supportive supplementation with multi-vitamins and minerals. Twenty-eight days after initiation of therapy, the dog showed marked clinical improvement, as evidenced by the absence of blood-borne pathogens on smear examination and substantial recovery of hematological parameters
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: babesiosis
  topic: keywords
subject: doxycycline
  topic: keywords
subject: ehrlichiosis
  topic: keywords
subject: imidocarb dipropionate
  topic: keywords
creator: I Gde Andhika Putra Pratama
creator: Putu Ayu Sisyawati Putriningsih
creator: I Gusti Made Krisna Erawan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 103
ending page: 104
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.103-104

Concurrent malasseziosis and otitis externa in a senior pug
type: item
description: Dermatitis is a common skin disorder in dogs, caused by a variety of factors including fungi, ectoparasites, bacteria, and metabolic diseases. This case report describes a 7-year-old male pug with dermatitis associated with Malassezia infection and concurrent otitis externa caused by bacterial and Malassezia infections. The dog exhibited clinical signs, including pruritus, erythema, scaling, hyperpigmentation, lichenification, malodor, oily coat, and wet, malodorous ear discharge. Cytological analysis of skin and ear samples, performed using acetate tape preparation and otic swabs, revealed the presence of Malassezia yeast and cocci-shaped bacteria. Hematological evaluation revealed normocytic normochromic anemia. Based on these findings, the dog was diagnosed with Malasseziosis and bacterial-Malassezia otitis externa. A comprehensive therapeutic regimen was implemented, including oral antifungal ketoconazole, sebazole shampoo, oticon ear drops, anti-inflammatory methylprednisolone, antihistamine chlorpheniramine maleate, and supportive supplementation with multivitamins (Livron B-plex) and fish oil. After 21 days of treatment, significant clinical improvement was observed, demonstrating the efficacy of this multimodal therapeutic approach.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: Dermatitis
  topic: keywords
subject: Otitis
  topic: keywords
subject: Pug
  topic: keywords
subject: Malassezia
  topic: keywords
creator: Ni Made Santi Rahayu Adiari
creator: Putu Ayu Sisyawati Putriningsih
creator: Sri Kayati Widyastuti
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 71
ending page: 72
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.71-72

Surgical and supportive management of bilateral perineal hernia in a shih tzu dog
type: item
description: Perineal hernia is a condition characterized by weakening and separation of the muscles and fascia that support the pelvic diaphragm. The formation of a hernia ring may result from a congenital defect during embryonic development or traumatic injury. The standard treatment for this condition is hernioplasty, a surgical procedure aimed at repairing and reducing the size of the hernia ring caused by muscle weakness. A 12-year-old Shih Tzu presented to Klinik Hewan Jogja, Indonesia with a history of constipation. Physical examination revealed a mass in the dorsal pelvic region, which was identified as an abnormal accumulation of fecal material. Comprehensive diagnostic evaluations, including hematology, serum biochemistry, and radiography, were performed to confirm the diagnosis of bilateral perineal hernia. Surgical correction through hernioplasty was performed to close the hernia ring. Postoperative management consisted of antibiotic and analgesic therapy, supportive supplementation, and dietary regulation.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: bilateral perineal hernia
  topic: keywords
subject: dog
  topic: keywords
subject: hernia
  topic: keywords
subject: hernioplasty
  topic: keywords
subject: shih-tzu
  topic: keywords
creator: Salsabila Ayuningtyas Sukma
creator: Ida Tjahajati
creator: Muhammad Zulfadillah Sinusi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 75
ending page: 76
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.75-76

Neurological deficits and hematological changes in a rat model of ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion
type: item
description: Stroke is a neurological disorder caused by impaired blood flow to specific regions of the brain, often resulting in paralysis and functional deficits in the affected area. Among its subtypes, ischemic stroke is the most prevalent in the general population. This study aimed to establish a rat model of ischemic stroke induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Eight male Sprague-Dawley rats aged 8–10 weeks were randomly assigned to two groups: control and treatment group. In the treatment group, the middle cerebral artery was occluded for 45 min. Neurological assessment using the Bederson scale revealed a neurological deficit score (NDS) of 1, characterized by contralateral flexion after left-brain injury. Hematological analysis demonstrated significantly higher white blood cell (WBC) counts (p < 0.05), whereas red blood cell (RBC) counts, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit values were significantly lower (p < 0.05) than those in the control group. These findings indicate that the MCAO method with a 45-minute occlusion successfully induced a mild neurological deficit accompanied by distinct hematological alterations, thereby providing a reproducible animal model for ischemic stroke research.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: hematology
  topic: keywords
subject: ischemic stroke
  topic: keywords
subject: middle cerebral artery occlusion
  topic: keywords
subject: neurological deficit score
  topic: keywords
subject: rat
  topic: keywords
creator: Ika Satya Perdhana
creator: Muhamad Evans Hardiansyah
creator: Hera Maheshwari
creator: Kusdiantoro Mohamad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 83
ending page: 84
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.83-84

Influence of dental calculus on tooth abnormalities in cats and contributing factors
type: item
description: Dental plaque is a thin biofilm composed of bacteria that accumulate on tooth surfaces. If not adequately removed, plaque can mineralize into dental calculus, which is associated with various oral health issues. In cats, this condition may lead to dental abnormalities, such as malocclusion and tooth resorption; however, reports from Indonesia remain limited. This study investigated the relationship between dental calculus and dental disorders in 45 cats, as well as the contributing factors of this relationship. Clinical examinations were performed to assess calculus formation and to identify dental abnormalities. A structured questionnaire was administered to cat owners regarding their oral health awareness and management practices. Data were analyzed descriptively and using Fisher’s Exact Test to evaluate the association between calculus and dental abnormalities. Of the 45 cats examined, 28 (62.2%) had dental calculus, of which eight (28.6%) exhibited dental abnormalities. Owner surveys revealed that although 82% were aware of tartar, only 8.9% reported performing routine dental examinations on their pets. In conclusion, dental calculus significantly contributes to the development of dental abnormalities in cats, with feeding habits identified as a key influencing factor.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cats
  topic: keywords
subject: Dental calculus
  topic: keywords
subject: Malocclusion
  topic: keywords
subject: Tooth resorption
  topic: keywords
creator: Putri Arnolia
creator: Tetty Barunawati Siagian
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 87
ending page: 88
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.87-88

Prevalence of diseases in broiler chickens in Serang Regency, Banten Province, Indonesia
type: item
description: Livestock farming plays a crucial role in providing food, raw materials, and essential services through animal breeding and management. This study aimed to provide an overview of the diseases affecting broiler chickens based on a case study from a commercial poultry company in Serang Regency, Banten Province, Indonesia. Data were collected from production cycles between 2021 and 2023, and disease identification was performed using a pathological diagnostic approach. The findings, presented descriptively in tabular form, indicated that broilers were affected by omphalitis, Newcastle disease, infectious bursal disease, chronic respiratory disease (CRD), colibacillosis, and aspergillosis. Colibacillosis was the most prevalent disease, with an incidence rate of 76%. These results highlight the importance of continuous disease monitoring and management to reduce mortality, maintain productivity, and ensure sustainability in the broiler industry
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: broiler chickens
  topic: keywords
subject: disease incidence
  topic: keywords
subject: commercial poultry company
  topic: keywords
subject: Serang Regency
  topic: keywords
subject: Banten Indonesia
  topic: keywords
creator: Akbar Satria Bahari
creator: Vony Armelia
creator: Magfira
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 85
ending page: 86
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.85-86

Clinical management of gastrointestinal tumor in a rottweiler
type: item
description: Gastrointestinal neoplasia is an increasingly recognized condition in dogs, particularly in predisposed breeds, such as Rottweilers. A 4-year-old Rottweiler was presented by its owner to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, IPB University, with clinical signs including coughing, dyspnea, lethargy, and intermittent yellow-brown, malodorous feces. Diagnostic evaluations revealed significant abnormalities in the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems. This report describes the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and management of a dog with suspected gastrointestinal neoplasia. The patient was provisionally diagnosed with gastrointestinal neoplasia with a poor prognosis. Although surgical intervention is generally recommended, the compromised pulmonary function of the dog precluded general anesthesia; therefore, management was limited to symptomatic and supportive therapy.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: neoplasia
  topic: keywords
subject: gastrointestinal
  topic: keywords
subject: rottweiler
  topic: keywords
creator: Prieske Tannya
creator: Nyimas Syifa Amira Isnaini
creator: Hasnah Tarisa
creator: Sadhira Parameshtya
creator: Siti Nursaumawati
creator: Srivaen Vadivellan
creator: Deny Setyo Wibowo
creator: Rini Madyastuti Purwono
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 67
ending page: 68
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.67-68

Concurrent Babesia species infection with feline enteric coronavirus and giardiasis in two female cats
type: item
description: The premunition stage of babesiosis poses a significant risk of relapse due to immune suppression. This report describes two cats that presented to a veterinary clinic with lethargy, anorexia of several days’ duration, watery eyes, and loose stools. Both cats were unvaccinated and lived in an open environment shared with their owners. Initial clinical evaluation suggested feline coronavirus (FCoV) infection and giardiasis; however, subsequent peripheral blood smears revealed intracellular parasites consistent with Babesia sp.. The initial treatment targeted viral and protozoal infections using antiprotozoal and antiviral agents for seven days, followed by a 21-day regimen of clindamycin and multivitamins to manage babesiosis. Hematological analysis and Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears revealed anemia, thrombocytopenia, and persistent babesiosis. Clindamycin therapy effectively reduced parasitemia and alleviated clinical signs, including anemia, anorexia, and weakness, although complete clearance of Babesia sp. from the peripheral blood was not achieved at the administered dosage.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: anemia
  topic: keywords
subject: Babesia sp.
  topic: keywords
subject: clindamycin
  topic: keywords
subject: parasitemia
  topic: keywords
subject: thrombocytopenia
  topic: keywords
creator: Retno Wulansari
creator: Roro Soesatyoratih
creator: Sus Derthi Widhyari
creator: Suryono
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 63
ending page: 64
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.63-64

Systemic fowl typhoid caused by Salmonella gallinarum in broiler chickens: Pathological and microbiological evidence
type: item
description: Salmonella gallinarum, the causative agent of fowl typhoid, is a highly pathogenic bacterial disease associated with substantial mortality in poultry, predominantly affecting adult chickens and turkeys. This study aimed to describe the pathological lesions and microbiological characteristics of S. gallinarum infection in chickens with fowl typhoid. S. gallinarum is a gram-negative, rod-shaped, facultative anaerobic bacterium with an optimal growth temperature of 37 °C and the ability to survive across a broad pH range (4.0–9.0). Necropsy findings in affected chickens revealed interstitial pneumonia of the lungs, intestinal hyperemia with petechial hemorrhages, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, and fatty degeneration of the cardiac tissue. Bacterial culture of intestinal swab samples on MacConkey agar demonstrated the growth of pale-yellow colonies consistent with S. gallinarum. Microscopic examination confirmed Gram-negative bacilli, while biochemical testing showed an alkaline/acid reaction, absence of gas and H₂S production, non-motility, and negative indole and urease reactions
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: Necropsy
  topic: keywords
subject: Salmonella gallinarum
  topic: keywords
subject: Fowl Typhoid
  topic: keywords
creator: Tiara Azzahra
creator: Devina Aisyah Maharani
creator: Amar Adonay Tsevaot
creator: Tyagita Hartady
creator: Armanda Dwi Prayugo
creator: Sarasati Windria
creator: Ita Krissanti
creator: Faisal Amri Satrio
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 99
ending page: 100
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.99-100

Pre-renal chronic kidney disease in a domestic cat presenting with FLUTD-like symptoms
type: item
description: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition in aging cats that often presents with signs of overlapping feline lower urinary tract disease (FLUTD). Early recognition and differentiation are crucial for its management and prognosis. This case study discusses a 5-year-old cat with CKD who initially showed FLUTD-like symptoms, including three days of anuria, dehydration, and anorexia. Diagnostics, including examination, ultrasonography, urinalysis, hematology, and serum biochemistry, revealed elevated creatinine, amylase, and BUN levels, indicating pre-renal impairment and decreased GFR. Treatment involved cystocentesis, hepacartine, azody, ippakitine, vitamin B-complex, and a renal-support diet (Royal Canin Renal Wet Food). After two weeks, the cat showed clinical improvement with clear urine and normalized biochemistry.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: chronic kidney disease
  topic: keywords
subject: cystocentesis
  topic: keywords
subject: renal diet
  topic: keywords
subject: feline lower urinary tract disease
  topic: keywords
subject: prerenal
  topic: keywords
creator: Jasmine Yasyfa' Sukmayani
creator: Aliffa Pinquita Sabrina
creator: Maharani Wisesa Vidya Tresna
creator: Pranyata Tangguh Waskita
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 79
ending page: 80
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.79-80

Antidiarrheal evaluation of guava leaf infusion in pediatric rats using an intestinal transit model
type: item
description: Diarrhoea is a major gastrointestinal disorder in children and remains a significant cause of mortality, particularly in toddlers. Guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) have long been used in traditional medicine as an anti-diarrhoeal remedy. This study aimed to determine the effective dose of guava leaf infusion in weaned rats using the intestinal transit method. Thirty healthy rats were randomly assigned to six groups: a negative control (distilled water), a positive control (atropine sulfate 2.5 mg/kg BW), and four treatment groups receiving guava leaf infusion at doses of 100, 200, 400, and 800 mg/kg BW. Among the treatment groups, the 200 mg/kg BW dose resulted in the greatest reduction in intestinal transit. However, no statistically significant differences were observed between any treatment group and negative control. These results suggest that within the examined dosage range, guava leaf infusion does not demonstrate a significant antidiarrheal effect in paediatric rat models.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: antidiarrhea
  topic: keywords
subject: infusa
  topic: keywords
subject: guava leaf
  topic: keywords
subject: pediatric rats
  topic: keywords
creator: Altaff Hendry
creator: Teo Qin Yan
creator: Daniel Latief Andre
creator: Muhammad Luthfi Rahman
creator: Win Satya Rudramurti
creator: Nadine Hanifa Permana
creator: Dian Maulia Utami
creator: Diah Nugrahani Pristihadi
creator: Agustin Indrawati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 119
ending page: 120
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.119-120

Temporal and spatial epidemiology of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis in Nueva Ecija, Philippines
type: item
description: Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME) is a vector-borne disease that affects dogs. This study characterized CME epidemiological profiles by examining associations with age, sex, breed, clinical manifestations, acaricide use, and case distribution in veterinary clinics in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. A total of 1,117 CME-positive cases were collected from eight clinics in Cabanatuan, Muñoz, San Jose, and Gapan City between 2021 and 2022. Diagnosis used commercial rapid test kits. Statistical analyses revealed significant associations between CME prevalence and age, breed, and patient demographics. Cabanatuan City reported the highest number of cases (n = 508). Sex and seasonal variation showed no significant associations with CME occurrence, although cases increased during the hot months (March–June).
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: canine monocytic ehrlichiosis
  topic: keywords
subject: disease profiling
  topic: keywords
subject: spatio-temporal
  topic: keywords
subject: Nueva Ecija, Philippines
  topic: keywords
creator: Francis Y. Reyes
creator: Christian C. Santos
creator: Armando G. Agustin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 91
ending page: 92
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.91-92

Incisional hernia following ovariohysterectomy in a mixed-breed domestic cat
type: item
description: An incisional hernia is a postoperative complication that arises when the abdominal wall fails to achieve adequate closure following surgery, allowing abdominal tissues or organs to protrude through the incision site. This report describes a case of incisional hernia in a 3.4-kg female cat that developed an abdominal mass one month after ovariohysterectomy. Diagnosis was established based on a thorough physical examination of the patient. Surgical management consisted of repositioning the herniated tissue and layered closure of the abdominal wall. Postoperative care included the administration of antibiotics and analgesics to prevent infection and to manage pain. Clinical evaluation on postoperative day 7 revealed complete wound healing without complications, indicating favorable outcomes.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: Insicional hernia
  topic: keywords
subject: Protusion abdomen
  topic: keywords
subject: cat
  topic: keywords
subject: ovariohysterectomy
  topic: keywords
creator: Anggieta Ratuyustiarany
creator: Muhammad Farid Rizal
creator: Hadrianus Lau
creator: Donna Marie Leo
creator: Hilma Lutfiah Sudarsyah
creator: Rahmadhani Angger Syahputra
creator: Reinier Melvern
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 93
ending page: 94
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.93-94

Detection of antibiotic residues in leg quarter of chickens slaughtered in accredited poultry dressing plants in Nueva Ecija, Philippines
type: item
description: Antibiotic residues in consumable products pose health risks by contributing to antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARBs), antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs), and teratogenic and carcinogenic effects. Regular screening of livestock products allows monitoring of these residues in humans. This study aimed to determine the presence of six antibiotic class residues (beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, quinolones, sulfonamides, macrolides, and tetracycline) and multidrug residues in chicken leg quarters (CLQs) from an accredited Poultry Dressing Plant (PDP) in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Thirty CLQs were collected from six PDPs in Nueva Ecija. Six muscle tissue specimens from each sample were screened for antibiotic residues through microbial inhibition tests at the National Meat Inspection Service (NMIS) Reserve Officers' Training Corps (RTOC) Regional III Laboratory Division, San Fernando, Pampanga. An inhibition zone ≥2 mm indicated a positive result. Screening showed no samples tested positive for any residue, and multi-drug residues were absent. No CLQs contained residues that exceeded the Maximum Residue Limit. CLQs from accredited PDPs in Nueva Ecija contained no antibiotic residues. These results may be due to strict antibiotic regulations, good veterinary supervision on source farms, and proper withdrawal periods.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: antibiotic residue
  topic: keywords
subject: antibiotic susceptibility
  topic: keywords
subject: poultry dressing plant
  topic: keywords
subject: multi-drug residue
  topic: keywords
creator: Ma Teresa Ysabel M. Ong
creator: Christian C. Santos
creator: Alvin Puntil Soriano
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA
date: 2025-05-02
publication date: 2025-05-02
starting page: 31
ending page: 32
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.2.31-32

Chemical quality assessment of organic cow’s milk at KPSP Setia Kawan Nongkojajar using Lactoscan® technology
type: item
description: Organic cow milk is produced from cows raised in natural, low-stress environments without the use of growth hormones or synthetic additives, resulting in milk with high nutritional value and safety for direct consumption. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of organic cow milk, specifically its lactose, fat, protein content, and freezing point, to ensure compliance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) 3141.1:2011for fresh milk. Quality testing was conducted using the Lactoscan® method on eight samples collected from different milk storage posts at the Setia Kawan Dairy Farming Cooperative in Nongkojajar, Pasuruan Regency. The analysis revealed average levels of 4.36% fat, 2.86% protein, and 4.36% lactose, all of which met or exceeded the SNI requirements for fresh cow milk. These findings affirm that the cooperative's organic milk meets the national quality standards and can be considered a nutritious and safe dairy product.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Milk Quality
  topic: keywords
subject: Lactoscan test
  topic: keywords
subject: Organic cow's milk
  topic: keywords
subject: SNI
  topic: keywords
creator: Johan Valen Febriano Amnifu
creator: I Putu Juli Sukariada
creator: Putu Mira Puspitayani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA
date: 2025-05-26
publication date: 2025-05-26
starting page: 57
ending page: 58
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.2.57-58

Diagnosis and treatment of Microsporum canis-induced dermatophytosis in a domestic cat
type: item
description: Dermatophytosis is a common superficial fungal infection in cats, particularly those exposed to outdoor environments. This case study reports a 5-month-old domestic cat named Simon, weighing 1.9 kg, presented with erythematous and scaly skin, partial alopecia, and follicular casts on the head and ear regions. The cat was active, had good appetite, and showed no signs of pruritus. Simon was kept in a semi-outdoor environment with potential contact with stray cats. The diagnosis was based on physical examination, Wood’s lamp test, adhesive tape impression cytology, and fungal culture. Macroscopic and microscopic evaluations of the fungal isolate suggested that Microsporum canis was the causative agent. Treatment included topical antifungal shampoo containing econazole nitrate (Sebazole) applied weekly and systemic itraconazole at a dose of 7.5 mg/kg body weight once daily for two weeks. Supportive therapy included liver (Curcuma FCT) and skin (Coatex) supplements. After two weeks of therapy, physical re-evaluation showed resolution of erythema and scaling, with visible hair regrowth in previously alopecic areas.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: dermatophytosis
  topic: keywords
subject: fungus
  topic: keywords
subject: itraconazole
  topic: keywords
subject: ringworm
  topic: keywords
subject: cat
  topic: keywords
creator: Hizriah Alief Jainudin
creator: Mariam Kemalarani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA
date: 2025-06-27
publication date: 2025-06-27
starting page: 55
ending page: 56
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.2.55-56

Identification of gram-negative enteric bacteria and antimicrobial resistance patterns in captive psittacine birds from Indonesia
type: item
description: Psittacines are vulnerable to bacterial diseases, including gram-negative infections. A key challenge in treating these birds is antibiotic resistance, where antibiotics become ineffective against the bacteria. This study aimed to identify gram-negative bacteria present in 11 fecal samples of psittacine from Taman Mini Indonesia Indah (TMII) in East Jakarta, as well as to determine the presence of antibiotic resistance in these bacteria. In this study, bacteria were isolated using MacConkey Agar media, followed by Gram staining and biochemical tests for bacterial identification. Antibiotic resistance testing was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer method against seven antibiotics. The results of bacterial identification showed the presence of Klebsiella sp., Proteus mirabilis, and Escherichia coli in the fecal samples of Psittacine from TMII. Resistance to the antibiotics nalidixic acid, doxycycline, tetracycline, gentamicin, erythromycin, cefotaxime, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was observed, with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole demonstrating the lowest resistance rate among fecal Psittacine bacteria.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: antibiotic resistance
  topic: keywords
subject: biochemistry test
  topic: keywords
subject: gram-negative bacteria
  topic: keywords
subject: psittacine
  topic: keywords
creator: Arfah Herawana El Zamzami
creator: Safika
creator: Mokhamad Fahrudin
creator: Muhammad Piter Kombo
creator: Wisnu Rahmadan Almanda
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-11-01
publication date: 2025-11-01
starting page: 111
ending page: 112
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.4.111-112

Acupuncture treatment of hind limb weakness in a diabetic dog with kidney yin and qi deficiency
type: item
description: Canine diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic endocrine disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and metabolic imbalance, frequently leading to secondary complications such as neuropathic weakness. Abrielle, an eleven-year-old female Siberian Husky, presented to the small animal clinic with hind limb weakness that had persisted for three months. The dog also showed clinical signs of polydipsia, polyuria, and weight loss, despite an increased appetite. The owner reported that the dog’s daily diet consisted mainly of white rice with very little protein. Laboratory examination revealed hyperglycemia (423 mg/dL), elevated fructosamine levels (340 µmol/L), and glucose-positive dark brown urine. Based on these findings, the dog was diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Treatment with insulin was prescribed twice daily, and acupuncture therapy was recommended to support recovery and address hind limb weakness. Abrielle underwent acupuncture twice a week using electroacupuncture, dry needles, and aqua acupuncture. After four sessions, noticeable improvement in mobility was observed, and after three months, the dog’s body weight increased from 38.5 lbs to 48.5 lbs, with a more active and friendly demeanor.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: acupuncture
  topic: keywords
subject: diabetes melitus
  topic: keywords
subject: hindlimb weakness
  topic: keywords
subject: dog
  topic: keywords
creator: Hizriah Alief Jainudin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 69
ending page: 70
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.69-70

Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and feline infectious peritonitis in a Persian Peaknose cat
type: item
description: Feline diabetes mellitus (DM) and infectious peritonitis (FIP) are challenging metabolic and infectious diseases in cats that require long-term management and therapeutic strategies. This case report describes the clinical management of a 7-year-old male Persian peaknose cat diagnosed with type 2 DM and non-effusive FIP at the West Java Animal Hospital. The cat presented with polyuria, polydipsia, and severe weight loss over seven days. Hematological findings showed hyperchromic microcytic anemia and elevated MID%, while biochemical analysis indicated hyperglycemia (524 mg/dL), increased ALT, and a low albumin-to-globulin (A/G) ratio (0.6), consistent with type 2 DM and FIP. Treatment included Molnupiravir, Glimepiride as an antihyperglycemic agent; Ornipural for hepatodigestive support; vitamin supplementation (B complex, A, D, and E); and a low-sugar diet. Blood glucose levels monitored daily for seven days showed a progressive decrease but remained above the normal threshold. This case demonstrates the importance of comprehensive management combining causative, symptomatic, and supportive therapies in feline patients with concurrent disorders. This highlights the need for glucose monitoring, nutritional adjustment, and client education regarding insulin therapy to achieve glycemic control in complex feline comorbidities.
subject: Case Study
  topic: section
subject: feline diabetes mellitus
  topic: keywords
subject: persian peaknose
  topic: keywords
subject: feline infectious peritonitis
  topic: keywords
subject: hyperglycemia
  topic: keywords
subject: metabolic
  topic: keywords
creator: Fathul Barry Akbar Nashrullah
creator: Anis Aulia
creator: Alya Nur Mahdani
creator: Marisya Salsabila Maharani Putri
creator: Dwi Wahyudha Wira
creator: Septiani Purwanti Hanafiah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 65
ending page: 66
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.65-66

Plant-based bioinsecticide from Jatropha gossypiifolia and cattle urine for horsefly control
type: item
description: Bioinsecticides are natural compounds with toxic properties that can inhibit the growth and development of pests that affect crops and livestock. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a bioinsecticide formulation derived from red jatropha (Jatropha gossypiifolia) leaf extract combined with cattle urine against ectoparasites in cattle. The experiment was a completely randomized design (CRD) involving 200 flies, which were divided into four treatment groups with concentrations of 0%, 10%, 15%, and 20%, each replicated three times. The results demonstrated that the bioinsecticide formulation at a concentration of 20% had a significant effect on fly mortality compared to lower concentrations. These findings suggest that the combined use of 20 % red jatropha leaf extract and cattle urine is a promising and environmentally friendly alternative for controlling fly populations in cattle.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: red jatropa
  topic: keywords
subject: cow urine
  topic: keywords
subject: bioinsecticide
  topic: keywords
subject: ectoparasites
  topic: keywords
creator: Elisa Rainata Besin
creator: I Putu Juli Sukariada
creator: Putu Mira Puspitayani
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 CC-BY-SA https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
starting page: 89
ending page: 90
doi: 10.29244/avl.9.3.89-90