Interaksi Merkuri dengan Nitrogen (Hg-N) Pada Tanah Bekas Tambang Emas
Abstract
Kontaminasi merkuri (Hg) telah menjadi ancaman serius bagi ekosistem karena mengakibatkan perubahan fisiologis, biokimia, dan metabolisme tanaman. Dampaknya adalah perebutan ruang penyerapan tanaman antara Hg dan unsur hara (misalnya Nitrogen) di dalam tanah dan sistem tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis secara kuantitatif interaksi merkuri dan nitrogen (Hg-N) pada tanah bekas tambang emas di Dharmasraya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survei pada tingkat keragaman area pertambangan emas yang dimiliki oleh masing-masing daerah (area dan titik penambangan), pada kedalaman 0-20 cm dan 20-40 cm. Sehingga terdapat tiga (3) sampai lima (5) ulangan, dengan total sampel sebanyak lima puluh empat (54) sampel. Interaksi Hg-N secara kuantitatif tidak signifikan pada tingkat 0,01 (2-tailed), yaitu r = 0,167 atau Hg Total = 3,2164 (N Total) + 3,8849; R² = 0,0276. Namun demikian, interaksi ini dapat menjelaskan beberapa proses biogeokimia Hg dalam siklus N, dimana tanah bekas tambang emas di Dharmasraya memiliki tingkat kesuburan yang rendah, dengan pH 4,03 unit, KTK 7,15 cmol kg-1 , SOC 0,04% dan N Total 0,09% N, serta Hg Total yang sangat tinggi yaitu 4,18 mg kg-1. Korelasi positif antara Hg dan SOC (r = 0,417**) juga menjelaskan bahwa pelepasan N oleh dekomposisi serasah dan N-OM juga berkaitan dengan mineralisasi C, sehingga pelepasan Hg yang terserap dari N-OM, di mana terdapat korelasi positif antara SOC dan N (r = 0,645**).
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