Main Article Content

Abstract

Abstract
The existing hitch system which pulled trailer on the two-wheel tractor had disadvantages when turning it, the tractor handlebar moved away from operator control, consequently the handlebar position is already beyond the operator control range so the operator had to bend. For a larger radius turning, the operator had to descend from operator seat. The purpose of this study was to design an ergonomic trailer hitching system for Indonesian operator. Prototype tests carried out include performance and functional testing. The pivot type trailer hitching system was the most superiortype compare to the other concept. With the design of this system the operator's position is fixed to the handlebars of the two-wheeled tractor, both in straight and turn operations, so that the
operator can fully control the two-wheeled tractor along with all the control levers. The ideal dimension of the operator seat were seat height of 410 mm, backrest distance of 1700 mm, seat length of 320 mm, and seat width of 300 mm. Two-wheel tractor with pivot type trailer hitching system has a turning radius of 2.18 m - 2.82 m better than existing system of 3.72 m - 4.03 m.

Abstrak
Sistem penggandengan konvensional untuk menarik trailer pada traktor roda dua memiliki kelemahan pada saat berbelok, stang traktor bergerak menjauh dari posisi kendali operator, akibatnya posisi stang sudah
berada di luar kendali jangkauan operator sehingga operator harus membungkuk. Untuk belokan dengan sudut yang lebih besar operator harus turun dari tempat duduk operator untuk dapat mengendalikan traktor. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendesain sistem penggandengan trailer yang ergonomis untuk operator Indonesia.
Pengujian-pengujian prototipe yang dilakukan meliputi pengujian kinerja dan fungsional. Sistem penggandengan trailer tipe pivot merupakan yang paling unggul dibandingkan dengan konsep-konsep lainnya. Dengan desain sistem ini posisi operator adalah tetap terhadap alat-alat kendali traktor, baik dalam keadaan berjalan lurus maupun berbelok, sehingga operator dapat sepenuhnya mengendalikan traktor roda dua beserta semua tuastuas kendalinya. Dimensi-dimensi ideal tempat duduk operator (seat) adalah tinggi tempat duduk (Td) 410 mm, jarak sandaran duduk (Jd) 1700 mm, panjang tempat duduk (Pd) 320 mm, dan lebar tempat duduk (Ld) 300 mm. Traktor roda dua dengan sistem penggandengan tipe pivot memiliki radius putar 2.18 m – 2.82 m, lebih baik dibandingkan sistem konvensional yaitu 3.72 m – 4.03 m.

Keywords

trailer hitching system two wheel tractor pivot ergonomic

Article Details

Author Biographies

Muhammad Dhafir, Universitas Syiah Kuala.

Program Studi Teknik Pertanian, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Syiah Kuala.

Tineke Mandang, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Wawan Hermawan, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Muhammad Faiz Syuaib, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Departemen Teknik Mesin dan Biosistem, Institut Pertanian Bogor.

References

  1. Desrial., Y.A. Purwanto dan F. Wiratama. 2010. Evaluasi
  2. Kinerja Tarik Traktor Tangan dengan Bahan Bakar
  3. Minyak Kelapa Murni. Prosiding Seminar Nasional
  4. Perteta; 2010; Purwokerto, Indonesia. Purwokerto
  5. (ID): Universitas Jendral Soedirman. hlm 370-375.
  6. Dewangan, K.N., C. Owary and R.K. Datta. 2010.
  7. Anthropometry of male agricultural workers
  8. of north-eastern India and its use in design of
  9. agricultural tools and equipment.International
  10. Journal of Industrial Ergonomics., 40: 560-573.
  11. Meriam, J.L. and L.G. Kraige. 1997. Engineering
  12. Mechanics Statics. Volume ke-1. New York (US) :
  13. John Wiley & Sons Inc.
  14. Nafchi, A.M., H.M. Nafchi and I.A. Demneh. 2011.
  15. Improving of Steering System for walking tractortrailer
  16. combination to increase operator’s comfort
  17. and ease of control. Agricultural Engineering
  18. International : CIGR Journal. 13(3). Manuscript No.
  19. 1598
  20. Nash, W.A. 1998. Schaum’s Outline of Theory and
  21. Problem of Stength of Materials 4th. New York (US)
  22. : McGraw-Hill.
  23. Raskarowana, B. 2016. Desain Konseptual Stang
  24. Kemudi Traktor Roda Dua untuk Transportasi
  25. Menggunakan Trailer melalui Pendekatan
  26. Ergonomika. (Skripsi). Departemen Teknik
  27. Pertanian Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian, IPB.
  28. Bogor.
  29. Sularso dan K. Suga. 2008. Dasar Perencanaan
  30. Dan Pemilihan Elemen Mesin. Pradnya Pramita
  31. Jakarta.
  32. Syuaib, M.F. 2015a. Anthropometric study of farm
  33. workes on Java Island, Indonesia, and its
  34. implications for the design of farm tools and
  35. equipment. Applied Ergonomics. 51 (2015) : 222-
  36. 235.
  37. Syuaib, M.F. 2015b. Ergonomic of the manual
  38. harvesting task of oil-palm plantation in Indonesia
  39. based on antropometric, postures and work motion
  40. analyses. Agric Eng Int: CIGR Journal. 17(3): 248-
  41. 262.
  42. Yadaf, R., S. Nashik, N.C. Patel and L.P. Gite. 2010.
  43. Analytical study of strength parameter of Indian
  44. farm workers and its implication in equipment
  45. design. Agric Eng Int : CIGR Journal. 12(2):49-54