Glycogen and proximate content of white shrimp fed on different carbohydrate level and feeding frequency
Abstract
ABSTRACT
White shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is one of penaeid shrimp which can be cultured either in traditional and advanced technology scale. One problem that commonly faced by pond farmer is the high price of feed with high protein content. This research was to identify the optimal level of carbohydrate and feeding frequency on glycogen deposit and chemical composition of white shrimp juvenile. Research used factorial completely randomized design with two factors in triplicates. Treatments were factor A, carbohydrate level in feed respectively A1 (30%), A2 (37%), A3 (44%), A4 (50%), and factor B daily feeding frequency respectively B1 (twice), B2 (four times), and B3 (six times) respectively. White shrimp used had an initial average body weight of 0.3 g/shrimp. Feeding level was 10% of shrimp body weight. Results showed that both factors, carbohydrate level in feed, feeding frequency and their interactions were not significantly different on glycogen deposit of white shrimp juvenile. Analysis result on chemical compositions of white shrimp juvenile consisted of protein, lipid, nitrogen-free extract, crude fiber, ash, and energy were generally increased after treatments.
Keywords: glycogen deposit, feeding frequency, chemical composition, carbohydrate level
ABSTRAK
Udang vaname Litopenaeus vannamei merupakan salah satu jenis udang penaeid yang dapat dibudidayakan baik dalam skala teknologi tradisional maupun skala teknologi maju. Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi para petani tambak adalah tingginya harga pakan yang disebabkan karena tingginya kandungan protein pakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek pemberian pakan dengan kadar karbohidrat dan frekuensi pemberian berbeda terhadap deposit glikogen dan komposisi kimia tubuh juvenil udang vanamei. Penelitian menggunakan desain rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial dengan dua faktor dan setiap faktor diberi masing-masing tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah faktor A, kadar karbohidrat pakan berturut-turut A1 (30%), A2 (37%), A3 (44%), A4 (50%), dan faktor B, frekuensi pemberian pakan dalam sehari berturut-turut B1 (dua kali), B2 (empat kali), dan B3 (enam kali). Udang vaname yang digunakan memiliki bobot rata-rata 0,3 g/individu. Dosis pakan ditetapkan sebesar 10% dari bobot tubuh udang dengan frekuensi pemberian pakan disesuaikan dengan perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor level karbohidrat pakan, frekuensi pemberian pakan dan kombinasi keduanya tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap deposit glikogen juvenil udang vaname. Hasil analisis terhadap komposisi kimia tubuh juvenil udang vaname meliputi protein, lemak, bahan ekstrak tanpa nitrogen (BETN), serat kasar, kadar abu dan energi secara umum mengalami peningkatan setelah diberikan perlakuan dibandingkan pada awal penelitian.
Kata kunci: deposit glikogen, frekuensi pemberian pakan, komposisi kimia, level karbohidrat
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