Ecological Vulnerability of Coral Reef Ecosystem in Wakatobi National Park During Indian Ocean Dipole Event

  • Hawis H. Madduppa Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor
  • Alan F. Koropitan Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor
  • Ario Damar Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor
  • Beginer Subhan Department of Marine Science and Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University)
  • Muhammad Taufik Thematic Mapping and Integration Center, Geospatial Information Agency, Bogor
  • La Ode Alam Minsaris Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University)
  • AM Azbas Taurusman Department Fisheries Resources Utilization, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor
  • Agus Ramli Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor
  • Arif Budi Purwanto Center for Coastal and Marine Resources Studies, Bogor Agricultural University (IPB University), Bogor

Abstract

This research examines coral reefs vulnerability which threatening its existences and functions by climate change. The ecological vulnerability in Wakatobi (Wangi-wangi, Kaledupa, Tomia, and Binongko) was assessed during Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) event in 2016. Climate exposure was determined using sea surface temperature, chlorophyll-a concentration, and wind speed magnitude; sensitivity was determined using coral susceptibility, fish susceptibility, and macroalgae primary productivity rate; then adaptive capacity was developed by hard coral cover, coral size distribution, coral richness, fish biomass, herbivore diversity, and herbivore grazing relative to algal production. The values of Exposure, Sensitivity, and Adaptive capacity in Wakatobi were 0.93±0.02, 0.42±0.18, and 0.44±0.10, respectively. Site specific vulnerability scores ranged from 0.52 to 1.60 (mean 0.92±0.26). Binongko was the least vulnerable than other islands. Tomia was observed as the least adaptive capacity and Wangi-wangi was the most bleaching incidents. These results could help coral reefs monitoring priority during the event and then when the event is gone by focusing on the marked islands and sites. Sites that were observed as more vulnerable is urgently need a management strategy to overcome the vulnerability status in the future, such as increasing site adaptability.

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Published
2020-01-01
How to Cite
MadduppaH. H., KoropitanA. F., DamarA., SubhanB., TaufikM., MinsarisL. O. A., TaurusmanA. A., RamliA., & PurwantoA. B. (2020). Ecological Vulnerability of Coral Reef Ecosystem in Wakatobi National Park During Indian Ocean Dipole Event . HAYATI Journal of Biosciences, 27(1), 57. https://doi.org/10.4308/hjb.27.1.57