Improving the Effectivity of Urea Fertilizer in Shallot by Using Urease and Nitrification Inhibitors

Sugiyanta Sugiyanta; Isna Tustiyani; Diny Dinarti

doi:10.18343/jipi.24.4.289

Sugiyanta Sugiyanta Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
Isna Tustiyani Program Studi Agroteknologi, Universitas Garut. Lokasi Kampus I, Jl. Raya Samarang No. 52A Hampor-Tarogong, Garut 44151
Diny Dinarti Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor. Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.24.4.289

Keywords: alluvial, fertilizer, Nitrobacter, nitrogen, Nitrosomonas

Abstract

Nitrification inhibitors are used to decrease the rate of nitrification process so it can decreases the nitrate losses. The objective of this study was to investigate the improvement of urea effectiveness by using urease and nitrification inhibitors on shallot. The study was conducted at Blubuk Village, Tanjung, Brebes District, Central Java, Indonesia from December 2017 to April 2018. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments were untreated group (P0), 100% dose of Urea without inhibitor (control) (P1), (3) 100% dose of Urea + Urease Inhibitor (P2), 100% dose of Urea + Nitrification Inhibitor (P3), 100% dose of Urea + Urease Inhibitor + Nitrification Inhibitor (P4), 80% dose of Urea + Urease Inhibitor (P5), 80% dose of Urea + Nitrification Inhibitor (P6), and 80% dose of Urea + Urease Inhibitor + Nitrification Inhibitor (P7). The results showed that 100% dose of Urea + Urease inhibitor, 80% dose of Urea + Urease inhibitor, 80% dose of Urea + Nitrification inhibitor, and 80% dose of Urea + Urease inhibitor + Nitrification inhibitor treatments significantly produced higher plants heights, number of leaves, and more number of tillers compared to control treatment (100% Urea without inhibitors), without affecting the yield and yield components.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Akiyama H, Yan XY, Yagi, K. 2010. Evaluation of Effectiveness of Enhanced-efficiency Fertilizers as Mitigation Options for N2O and NO Emissions from Agricultural Soils: Meta-Analysis. Global Change Biology. 16: 1837-1846. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1365-2486.2009.02031.x

Artola E, Cruchaga S, Ariz I, Moran JF, Garnica M, Houdusse F. 2011. Effect of N-(n-butyl) Thiophosphoric Triamide on Urea Metabolism and The Assimilation of Ammonium by Triticum aestivum L. Plant Growth Regulation. 63: 73-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10725-010-9513-6

Cantarella H, Trivelin PCO, Contin TLM, Dias FLF, Rossetto R, Marcelino R, Coimbra RB, Quaggio JA. 2008. Ammonia Volatilisation from Urease Inhibitor-Treated Urea Applied to Sugarcane Trash Blankets. Scientia Agricola. 65: 397-401. https://doi.org/ 10.1590/S010390162008000400011

Du N, Chen M, Liu Z, Sheng L, Xu H, Chen S. 2012. Kinetics and Mechanism of Jack Bean Urease Inhibition by Hg2+. Chemistry Central Journal. 6(154): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/ 1752-153X-6-154

Juszkiewicz A, Zaborska A, Laptas A, Olech Z. 2004. A Study of The Inhibition of Jack Bean Urease by Garlic Extract. Food Chemistry. 85(4): 553-558. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.foodchem.2003.07.033

[IPNI] International Plant Nutrition Institute. 2018. Urease Inhibitors. Georgia (US): IPNI.

[IPNI] International Plant Nutrition Institute. 2018. Nitrification Inhibitors. Georgia (US): IPNI.

Khan KM, Iqbal S, Lodhi MA, Maharvi GM, Mullahs Z. 2004. Biscoumarin: New Class of Urease Inhibitors; Economical Synthesis and Activity. Bioorganic & Medical Chemistry. 12: 1963-1968. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.bmc.2004. 01.010

Kuswantoro H. 2016. Potential Yield Of Acid-Adaptive Soybean Promising Lines In Ultisols Of Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Biotropia. 23(1): 52-57. https://doi.org/10.11598/ btb.2016.23.1.561

Mishra H, Parrill AL, Williamson JS. 2002. Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship and comparativemolecular field analysis on dipeptidehydroxamic acid H. pylori urease inhibitors. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 46: 2613-2618. https://doi.org/ 10.1128/AAC. 46.8.2613-2618.2002

Mohanty S, Patra AK, Chhonkar PK. 2008. Neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel powder retards urease and nitrification activities in different soils at contrasting moisture and temperature regimes. Biresource Technology. 99: 894-899. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech. 2007.01.006

Nelson DW, Huber D. 2001. Nitrification inhibitors for corn production. National Corn Handbook Project. IOWA State University.

Prakash O, Bhushan G. 1998. A study of inhibition of urease from seeds of the water melon (Citrullus vulgaris). Journal of Enzyme Inhibition. 13: 69-77. https://doi.org/10.3109/ 14756369809035828

Rojas CAL, Bayer C, Fontoura SMV, Weber MA, Viero F. 2012. Volatilização de amônia da ureia alterada por sistemas de preparo de solo e plantas de cobertura invernais no Centro-Sul do Paraná. Revista Brasileira De Ciencia Do Solo. 36: 261-270. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-068320120 00100027

Sangoi L, Silva PRF, Pagliarini NHF. 2016. Estratégias de manejo da adubação nitrogenada em milho na Região Sul do Brasil. Lages: Graphel.

Soares JR, Cantarella H, Menegale MLC. 2012. Ammonia volatilization losses from surface-applied urea with urease and nitrification inhibitors. Soil Biology Biochemistry. 52: 82-89. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.04.019

Todd MJ, Hausinger RP. 1989. Competitive inhibitors of Klebsiella aerogenes urease: Mechanism of interaction with the nickel side. Journal of Biology Chemistry. 264: 15835-15842.

Tustiyani I, Sugiyanta, Melati M. 2014. Morphophysiology and Physicochemical Characters of Rice with Various Rates of Organic and Biological Fertilizer under Organic Farming System. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 42(3) : 187–194.

Uesato S, Hashimoto Y, Nishino M, Nagaoka Y, Kuwajima H. 2004. N-Substituted hydroxyureas as urease inhibitor. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin. 50: 12801282. https://doi.org/10.1248/ cpb.50.1280

Viero F, Bayer C, Vieira RCB, Carniel E. 2015. Management of irrigation and nitrogen fertilizers to reduce ammonia volatilization. Revista Brasileira De Ciencia Do Solo. 39: 17371743. https:// doi.org/10.1590/01000683rb cs20150132