Pengaruh Radiasi Sinar Gamma Cobalt-60 Terhadap Sifat Morfologi dan Agronomi Ketiga Varietas Jagung (Zea mays L.)

  • . Makhziah
  • . Sukendah
  • Yonny Koentjoro
Keywords: gamma irradiation, maize, varieties

Abstract

Mutation is one of the ways to improve genetic variation in plant breeding so the target traits were more easily obtained. Grains of three varieties of maize (Bisma, Madura local, and Gumarang) were treated with gamma 60cobalt irradiation doses (0, 100, 200, and 300 Gy) before sowing then planted in a split plot randomized block design with three replication, to be evaluated for their morphology and agronomic traits. The Main plot was cultivars and sub plot was gamma radiation rates. There was no interaction between gamma rates and cultivars of maize, but increasing of gamma rates caused decreasing of some traits. Some traits such as plant height and leaves number were decreased significantly when gamma rate increased 100 to 300 Gy as well yield components such as grain weight and grain number per ear. Gamma 200 caused produce more ears than other rates. Bisma exhibited greater performance than Madura and Gumarang both of morphology and agronomic traits.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

. Makhziah
Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur, Jl. Raya Rungkut Madya, Gn. Anyar, Kota SBY, Jawa Timur 60294
. Sukendah
Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur, Jl. Raya Rungkut Madya, Gn. Anyar, Kota SBY, Jawa Timur 60294
Yonny Koentjoro
Jurusan Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jawa Timur, Jl. Raya Rungkut Madya, Gn. Anyar, Kota SBY, Jawa Timur 60294

References

Desai AS, Rao S. 2014. Effect Of Gamma Radiation On Germination And Physiological Aspects Of Pigeon Pea (Cajanus Cajan (L,) Millsp) Seedlings. International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences. 2(6): 47-52.

Emrani SN, Arzani A, Saeidi G, Abtahi M, Banifatemeh M, Parsa MB, Fotokian MH. 2012. Evaluation of induced genetic variability inagronomic traits by gamma irradiation in canola(Brassica napus L.). Pakistan Journal of Botany. 44(4): 1281-1288.

Esnault MA, Legue F, Chenal C. 2010. Ionizing Radiation: Advances in Plant Response. Environmental, Experimental Botany. 68(3): 231-237. http://doi.org/c43v25

Gallais A, Hirel B. 2004. An approach to the genetics of nitrogen use efficiency in maize. Journal of Experimental Botany. 55(396): 295-306. http://doi.org/cd6h4s

Haidar I, Ahsan M, Ali Q, Sajjad M, Uzair M, Rabia Kalsoom R, Saif-Ul-Malook. 2016. Use of Radiations to Study Useful Mutations in Zea mays for Grain Yield: A Review. Nature and Science. 14(5): 66-75. http://doi.org/b537

Hartini S. 2008. Mutasi induksi Dengan Irradiasi Sinar Gamma Pada Kedelai (Glycine Max (L,) Merrill) Kultivar Slamet dan Lumut. [Tesis]. Bogor(ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Jusuf M. 2001. Genetika I Struktur dan Ekspresi Gen. Jakarta (ID): Sagung Seto.

Kebeish R, Deef HE, El-Bialy N. 2015. Effect of Gamma Radiation on Growth, Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant System, and Alliin Producing Gene Transcripts in Allium sativum. International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences. 3(3): 161-174.

Koentjoro Y, Makhziah, Moeljani IR. 2014. Penentuan Dosis Radiasi Sinar Gamma 60Cobalt Pada Tanaman Kedelai untuk Sifat Produksi Tinggi, Prosiding Seminar Nasional PERIPI, Universitas Jember, Jember (ID), 22-23 Oktober 2014.

Marcu D, Damian G, Cosma C, Cristea V. 2013. Gamma radiation effects on seed germination, growth and pigment content, and ESR study of induced free radicals in maize (Zea mays). Journal Biology and Physics. 39(4): 625-634. http://doi.org/b538

Mba C. 2013. Induced Mutations Unleash the Potentials of Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Agronomy. 3(1): 200-231. http://doi.org/b539

Mohsen M, Vahid MMA, Bagher AM, Mahdi T. 2016. Studying the effect of Gamma Ray on Morphological and Phenotypic Properties of Corn. Greener Journal of Physics and Natural Sciences. 3(1): 001-008. http://doi.org/b54b

Mudibu J, Nkongolo KKC, Kalonji-Mbuyi A, Kizungu RV. 2012. Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Morpho-Agronomic Characteristics of Soybeans (Glycine max L.). American Journal of Plant Sciences. 3(3): 331-337. http://doi.org/b54c

Nouri H, Tavassoli A. 2012. Effect of gamma rays on pod and seed production and economic yield in pinto bean cultivar of Khomein. Annals of Biological Research. 3(5): 2399-2404.

Pai AC. 1999. Dasar-dasar Genetika. Jakarta (ID): Erlangga.

Poespodarsono S. 1988. Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Pemuliaan Tanaman. Pusat Antar Universitas Insititut Pertanian Bogor & Lembaga Sumber Daya Informasi-IPB, Bogor (ID).

Rafiuddin, Dahlan D, Musa Y, Rasyid B, Farid M. 2013. Germination Viability of Maize M1 Seeds (Zea mays L,) after Gamma Ray Irradiation. International Journal of Agriculture Systems. 1(2): 112-118.

Singh SP, Gaurav SS, Singh SB, Singh V, Singh YK. 2015. Mutagenetic studies in soybean [glycine max (l,) Merrill]—a review. Frontiers in Crop Improvement Journal. 3(1): 1-8.

Soedarti T, Loegito M, Prihiyantoro E. 2011. Pengaruh iradiasi sinar gamma co60 pada biji kedelai (Glycine max (L) Merill) varietas Wilis terhadap kandungan asam amino esensial biji kedelai. Jurnal Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. 14 (2): 1-3.

Soeminto B. 1985. Manfaat Tenaga Atom untuk Kesejahteraan Manusia. Jakarta (ID): Karya Indah.

Soeranto H. 2003. Peran Iptek Nuklir dalam Pemuliaan Tanaman untuk Mendukung Industri Pertanian, Prosiding Pertemuan dan Presentasi Ilmiah Penelitian Dasar Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi Nuklir, P3TM BATAN, Yogyakarta 8 Juli 2003, ISSN 0216-3128.

Songsri P, Suriharn B, Sanitchon J, Srisawangwong S, Kesmala T. 2011. Effect of gamma radiation on germination and growth characteristic of hysics nut (Jatropa curcas L). Journal of Biological Science. 11(3): 268-274. http://doi.org/btwcmg

Sutjahjo SH, Sukma D, Rustikawati. 2009. Perakitan Kultivar Unggul Jagung Toleran Kemasaman dari Mutan Radiasi Sinar Gama dan Varian Somaklon. Prosiding Seminar Hasil Penelitian IPB.

Welsh JR. 1992. Dasar-dasar Genetika dan Pemuliaan Tanaman. Jakarta (ID): Penerbit Erlangga.

Published
2017-08-31
How to Cite
Makhziah., Sukendah., & KoentjoroY. (2017). Pengaruh Radiasi Sinar Gamma Cobalt-60 Terhadap Sifat Morfologi dan Agronomi Ketiga Varietas Jagung (Zea mays L.). Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 22(1), 41-45. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.22.1.41