Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Padi Sawah dan Gogo dengan Pemberian Pupuk Hayati Berbasis Bakteri Pemacu Tumbuh di Tanah Masam

  • Arie Aryanto
  • . Triadiati
  • . Sugiyanta
Keywords: azospirillum sp., azotobacter sp., bacillus sp., pseudomonas sp., soil nutrient availability

Abstract

Biofertilizer is a substance which contains microorganism and promotes plant growth by increasing the soil nutrient availability. The aim of this study was to analyze the growth and production of lowland and upland rice by using the biofertilizer in acid soils. Seven isolates of bacteria were used as biofertilizer, i.e. Bacillus sp., two strains of Pseudomonas sp., two strains of Azospirillum sp., and two strains of Azotobacter sp.. The treatments of this study were without fertilization, compost, 100% NPK, compost enriched with 7 isolates, compost enriched with 7 isolates + 50% NPK, compost enriched with 4 isolates, and compost enriched with 4 isolates + 50% NPK. The results showed that biofertilizer in compost improved nutrient content in acid soil, and increased rice growth and production as well. Compost enriched with 7 isolates 50% NPK showed the highest rice yield production both in the lowland and upland rice. The biofertilizer could reduced 50% utilization NPK fertilizer dosage in the first growing season.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biographies

Arie Aryanto
Program Studi Biologi Tumbuhan, Sekolah Pascasarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
. Triadiati
Departemen Biologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680
. Sugiyanta
Departemen Agronomi dan Hortikultura, Fakultas Pertanian, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Kampus IPB Darmaga, Bogor 16680

References

Adesemoye AO, Obini M, Ugoji EO. 2008. Comparison of Plant Growth Promotion with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis in Three Vegetables. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 39(3): 423-426. http://doi.org/bbcbf7

Cakmakci R, Donmez F, Aydin A, Sahin F. 2005. Growth promotion of plants by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria under greenhouse and two different field soil conditions. Soil Biology & Biochemistry. 1(1): 1-6. http://doi.org/cnpts5

Fadiluddin M. 2009. Efektivitas formula pupuk hayati dalam memacu serapan hara, produksi, dan kualitas hasil jagung dan padi gogo di lapang. [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Haefele SM, Jabbar SMA, Siopongco JDLC, Tirol-Padre A, Amarante ST, Sta Cruz PC, Cosico WC. 2008. Nitrogen use efficiency in selected rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes under different water regimes and nitrogen levels. Field Crops Research. 107(2): 137-146. http://doi.org/cvwj95

Hamim, Mubarik NR, Hanarida I, Sumarni N. 2008. Pengaruh pupuk hayati terhadap pola serapan hara, ketahanan penyakit, produksi, dan kualitas hasil beberapa komoditas tanaman pangan dan sayuran unggulan. [Laporan penelitian KKP3T]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Hindersah R, Simarmata T. 2004. Potensi rizobakteri Azotobacter dalam meningkatkan kesehatan tanah. Jurnal Natur Indonesia. 5(2): 127-133.

Iqbal TEA. 2008. Kombinasi pupuk hayati dan sumber nutrisi dalam memacu serapan hara, pertumbuhan serta produktivitas jagung (Zea mays L.) dan padi (Oryza sativa L.). [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Indriyani L, Asniah. 2013. Aplikasi pupuk organik dan pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan bibit kakao. Agriplus. 23(3): 208-213.

Izar K, Didik I, Prapto Y, Azwar M. 2011. Pertumbuhan dan hasil tiga varietas padi pada perlakuan kompos jerami dan purun tikus (Eleocharis dulcis) di tanah sulfat masam yang berpotensi keracunan besi. Agroscientisc. 18(2): 108-115.

Kannan T, Ponmurugan P. 2010. Response of paddy (Oryza sativa L.) varieties to Azospirillum brasilense inoculation. Journal of Phytology. 2(6): 8-13.

Kristanto HB, Mimbar SM, Sumarni T. 2002. Pengaruh inokulasi Azospirillum terhadap efisiensi pemupukan N pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman jagung (Zea mays L). Agrivita. 24(1): 74-79.

Limbongan YL, Purwoko BS, Trikoesoemaningtyas, Aswidinnoor H. 2009. Respons genotipe padi sawah terhadap pemupukan nitrogen di dataran tinggi. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 37(3): 175-182.

Mahdi SS, Hassan GI, Samoon SA, Rather HA, Showkat AD, Zehra B. 2010. Bio-fertilizers in organik agriculture. Journal of Phytology. 2(10): 42-54.

Niswati A, Yusnaini S, Arif MAS. 2008. Populasi mikroba pelarut fosfat dan P-tersedia pada rizosfir beberapa umur dan jarak dari pusat perakaran jagung (Zea mays L.). Jurnal Tanah Tropika. 13(2): 123-130.

Pangaribuan DH, Yasir M, Utami NK. 2012. Dampak bokashi kotoran ternak dalam pengurangan pemakaian pupuk anorganik pada budi daya tanaman tomat. Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia. 40(3): 204-210.

Patola E. 2005. Pengaruh dosis pupuk urea, SP-36, KCL, dan kompos terhadap hasil gandum (Triticum aesticum L.) dan tanaman yang ditumpangsari. Jurnal Inovasi Pertanian. 4(1): 2-9.

Prihastuti. 2012. Upaya pengelolaan biologis lahan kering masam ultisol. El-Hayah. 2(2): 104-111.

Samuel S, Muthukkaruppan SM. 2011. Characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and fungi associated with rice, mangrove and effluent contaminated soil. Current Botany. 2(3): 22-25.

Sebayang HT, Sudiarso, Lupirinita. 2004. Pengaruh sistem tanam dan kombinasi pemupukan organik dan anorganik pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman padi sawah (Oryza sativa L). Habitat. 15(1): 111-124.

Sri Nuryani HU, Haji M, Widya N. 2010. Serapan hara N, P, K pada tanaman padi dengan berbagai lama penggunaan pupuk organik pada vertisol Sragen. Jurnal Ilmu Tanah dan Lingkungan. 10(1): 1-13.

Suripti S. 2012. Respons fisiologi tanaman jagung dan cabai terhadap aplikasi pupuk organik yang diperkaya pupuk hayati pada dua lokasi pengujian yang berbeda. [Tesis]. Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Syam’un E, Kaimuddin, Dachlan A. 2012. Pertumbuhan vegetatif dan serapan N tanaman yang diaplikasikan pupuk N anorganik dan mikroba penambat N non-simbiotik. Jurnal Agrivigor. 11(2): 251-261.

Tripathi RD, Dwivedi S, Shukla MK, Mishra S, Srivastava S, Singh R, Rai UN, Gupta DK. 2008. Role of blue green algae biofertilizer in ameliorating the nitrogen demand and fly-ash stress to the growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants. Chemosphere. 70(10): 1919-1929. http://doi.org/d875z3

Vessey JK. 2003. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria as biofertilizers. Plant Soil. 255(2): 571-586. http://doi.org/bt4gtw

Wibowo NI, Alawiyah NS. 2014. Efektivitas pupuk hayati dalam mensubstitusi pupuk kimia sintetik terhadap pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman stroberi (Fragaria sp.). Jurnal Agroscience. 4(2): 140-144.

Wilsy JI. 2010. Effect of biofertilizer on seed germination, and biochemical changes in the wetland crop Oryza sativa. Journal of Basic and Applied Biology. 4(3): 199-203.

Wu SC, Cao ZH, Li ZG, Cheung KC, Wong MH. 2005. Effects of biofertilizer containing N-fixer, P and K solubilizers and AM fungi on maize growth: a greenhouse trial. Geoderma. 125(1-2): 155-166. http://doi.org/ccjh2t

Yuliana ED. 2012. Jenis mineral liat dan perubahan sifat kimia tanah akibat proses reduksi dan oksidasi pada lingkungan tanah sulfat asam. Jurnal Bumi Lestari. 12(2): 327-337.

Published
2017-10-09
How to Cite
AryantoA., Triadiati., & Sugiyanta. (2017). Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Padi Sawah dan Gogo dengan Pemberian Pupuk Hayati Berbasis Bakteri Pemacu Tumbuh di Tanah Masam. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 20(3), 229-235. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.20.3.229